历史制度主义视野下我国科技人才政策战略转型与变革逻辑

改革开放以来，我国科技人才政策历经恢复调整、初步确立、转型完善、深化改革到全面建设等5个发展阶段。基于历史制度主义分析范式，探究我国科技人才政策变革逻辑与动力机制。结果显示，路径依赖是我国科技人才政策保持结构稳定性与内在连贯性的基本阐释工具，体现在回报递增效应、多主体协作效应和制度场域自我强化等方面；关键节点在政治逻辑作用下成为科技人才政策变革的原始驱动力，其本质是在保证政治属性不变的前提下建构以绩效为核心的强制性制度变迁。进一步，在借鉴发达国家成熟经验的基础上，构建以“缓冲器”式中介组织为核心的行政认同、市场协调和学术本位之间的合理张力，进而推进利益相关者群体利益协调与整合机制成为我国科技人才政策不断自我革新的有效治理路径。

Strategic Transformation and Change Logic of China's Science and Technology Talent Policy from the Perspective of Historical Institutionalism

China's science and technology talent policy has gone through five development stages since reform and opening up: recovery and adjustment, initial establishment, transformation and improvement, deeper reform and comprehensive construction.This paper explores the change logic and dynamic mechanism of China's science and technology talent policy based on the analysis paradigm of historical institutionalism.It is found that path dependence is an important interpretation mechanism for China's science and technology talent policy to maintain intrinsic stability and consistency, which is reflected in aspects such as return increase effect, multi-agent cooperation effect and self-reinforcement of institutional field, etc.The key node has become the main driving force for the change of science and technology talent policy under the government-led acting force, which is essentially a top-down mandatory institutional change.Further, drawing on the experience of developed countries, a reasonable tension is built among political identity, market coordination and academic standard with buffer intermediary organization as the core, and then the interest coordination and integration mechanism of stakeholder groups are promoted.This has become an effective path choice for the continuous engergization and innovation of China's science and technology talent policy.