残疾人就业服务体系的构建:从分割到融合

将国际上促进残疾人就业的政策分为三种:法规管制型政策、平衡型政策和替代型政策。我国残疾人就业政策从集中就业转变到目前的以按比例就业为主,以多种就业方式为辅,实现了从分割到融合的过渡,但残疾人就业仍然存在较多问题,比如平衡型政策不够完善,职业康复和培训、支持性就业较为薄弱。建设残疾人就业服务体系应从全局和整体考虑,关注残疾人就业能力的提高和维持其就业动力,重点加强平衡型政策的实施。

The Construction of Disability Employment Service System:The Transition from Segmentation to Integration

Internationally,disability employment policies fall into three broad categories:regulations,counterbalances,substitutions.Now,Chinese policies in disability employment transfer from concentrated employment to quotas,which mean the transition from segmentation to integration.But there are some problems in disabled people's employment,for instance,the counterbalances are not perfect.The policies of vocational rehabilitation,supported employment are weak.We suggest that the overall situation should be taken into consideration in the construction of disability employment service system.At the same time,policy maker should focus on improving disability employment power and retaining their initiative to the labor market.In addition,the implement of counterbalances is the key point.