农民合作社政府规制的国际经验及启示

政府规制是政府为了维护公众利益和纠正市场失灵而规范市场主体活动的行为。农民合作社是因提高农民组织化程度而具有广泛正外部效应的特殊市场主体，如何规范并推动其发展，是政府规制的重要议题。对正值破解农民合作社政府规制难题的中国而言，世界上丰富的合作社政府规制实践及其经验是一笔宝贵的财富。本文根据农民合作社发展过程中政府角色的差异，将各国农民合作社的规制分为激励型规制和主导型规制，在对比分析中提炼出有益于合作社发展的政府规制规律。

International Experience and Enlightenment of Governmental Regulation from Farmer Cooperative

Governmental regulation refers to a kind of act which established with a purpose to regulate the market subject activity and therefore maintain the public interest and offset market failure. Farmer cooperative is a special market subject with positive externalities which raises peasants＇organized level. How to regulate and promote its development is a crucial subject to discuss. For China who is confronting difficulties in cracking problem of farm cooperative, the abundant experience and practice worldwide is real treasure. This paper extracts some beneficial experience for governmental regulation by dividing global regulations into stimulating pattern and based pattern and then draw some comparisons between them on a basis of analyzing government~ role in farm cooperative.