旅游利用下历史街区文化景观符号意义与建构——以北京前门大街为例

历史街区承载了城市的历史信息和文化印记，主要表征为特色鲜明的文化景观。过去40年，快速城市化和工业化改变了城市面貌，也影响了历史街区保护利用的进程。历史街区一旦变成旅游景观，符号化就成为了历史街区进行旅游发展和空间重构的主导逻辑。本研究以前门大街为案例地，通过对马蜂窝网站中游客分享照片的检索和整理，利用符号学和扎根理论方法分析了旅游利用背景下历史街区文化景观符号的意义表达，并对此过程中的符号建构与解读机制进行剖析。本研究从主客体两视角出发，深化既有研究并得出以下结论：前门大街通过指索符号、建筑符号、街道符号和商业符号共同表征这一空间。街道功能多样化和城市地位转变是符号建构与解读的具体语境，符号系统的建构存在多个权力主体，不同价值的符号其建构方式也有所不同。符号的解读需要旅游者的身体参与，当旅游地建构的符号与旅游者获得的符号存在一致性的时候，意味着文化景观符号意义被正确地接受和解读。

Cultural landscape symbol meaning and its generation mechanismof historic districts in the context of tourism development: A case study of Qianmen Street

Historic districts preserve diverse urban cultures with the key material representation of cultural landscapes. Over the past 40 years, historic districts have undergone a large-scale regeneration and utilization for the rapid urbanization and industrialization. When historical districts turn into tourism attractions, symbolization has become the dominant logic of tourism development and space reconstruction. Adopting the semiotics and grounded theory, this study aims to analyze the expression of symbolic meaning and to delineate the symbol construction and its interpretation system in Qianmen Street with photographic data from Mafengwo, one of the main online tourist communities in China. The result shows that: various types of symbols represent Qianmen Street, including index symbols, architectural symbols, street symbols, and commercial symbols. The functional diversification and transformation of urban position serve as the specific scenario for symbol construction and interpretation, which involved multiple stakeholder groups and differ in ways of construction with different values of the symbols. Symbol interpretation requires tourist participation physically. The research indicates that the meaning has been accepted and interpreted correctly when tourists’ symbols match stakeholders’ symbols.