提高轮胎硫化机抽真空系统稳定性的实现

本文分析了硫化机抽真空系统频繁波动、瓦解产生的具体原因,并根据上述原因提出多种对策解决方案,并择优组织实施,最终有效提高了轮胎硫化工序硫化机抽真空系统稳定性,极大的保障了生产过程的正常运行与产品品质的稳定。     

如何建立企业顾客抱怨管理体系

<正>一、分析顾客抱怨的原因及对企业的影响导致顾客抱怨的因素是多种多样,因事而异,因人而异,但总的来说可以归纳为以下两个方面: 1.产品问题导致顾客抱怨。由于产品问题引起的顾客抱怨以致投诉是一种常见的顾客不满的表达形式,如您购买的冰霜不到半年就发生不制冷现象,或刚买的衣服第一次穿就掉了钮扣等。产品问题的产生,可以归因于3方面的责任:一是生产者的责     

Anti‐dumping: What are the Numbers to Discuss at Doha?

While tariff barriers have decreased worldwide through various GATT rounds, anti‐dumping has surged to play a crucial role as the most important non‐tariff barrier. After much debate and opposition, anti‐dumping is on the agenda of the Doha round of multilateral trade negotiations and it is one of the most important issues, especially for developing countries as they are the main targets of this policy instrument. With this prospect, it is important to assess the relevance of anti‐dumping not only by focusing on traditional users but by analysing the experience of new users, which are now major players in the field. This paper improves upon existing studies by providing a comprehensive assessment on the use of anti‐dumping. First, data on the time pattern of worldwide implementations of anti‐dumping laws are presented. This time profile shows interesting relationships with legal developments in GATT and WTO dispositions. Second, usual sources of data are complemented with various other sources. This allows the inclusion of recent heavy users like China, Russia, Taiwan and Ukraine, which are ignored in similar studies but important for their trade volumes. This enlarged and updated dataset shows that new users are even more important than previously thought, with implications for the Doha negotiations.     

Technological progress and inequality: an ambiguous relationship

Faster technological change does not necessarily widen wage inequality. This occurs only if technical progress takes the form of product improvements. Conversely, cost-reducing innovation favors a reduction in inequality. This novel result is obtained in a theoretical framework in which individuals can choose both the quality of the equipment and the retooling time. The main implication of this work is that the rapid decline of the durable goods’ price documented in the postwar period, and especially since the 1970s, should have favored a reduction in income inequality. The popular view that attributes the rise in inequality to the spread of information technologies is questioned by this analysis.     

Takeover bids, unconditional offer price and investor protection

In this paper, we develop a contingent claim analysis on shareholders' right to sell unconditionally their shares at the acquisition bid price during a takeover bid procedure. Compared with a situation without any guarantee, this regulation brings about wealth transfer towards outside shareholders. Why, in an apparently irrational way, do outside shareholders, who may benefit from a price guarantee, not systematically sell their shares? That question emphasizes the outside shareholders' behavior. Using a real option valuation model to evaluate the price guarantee opportunity, we show that an equal treatment rule between controlling and outside shareholders may lead outside shareholders to sell their shares.     

Investor Protection and Corporate Valuation

We present a model of the effects of legal protection of minority shareholders and of cash-flow ownership by a controlling shareholder on the valuation of firms. We then test this model using a sample of 539 large firms from 27 wealthy economies. Consistent with the model, we find evidence of higher valuation of firms in countries with better protection of minority shareholders and in firms with higher cash-flow ownership by the controlling shareholder.     

China trade: Busting gravity's bounds

Since China's accession to the World Trade Organization in 2001, annual growth rates of its imports and exports have increased, and raised tensions between China and some of its major trading partners. Using a gravity model of trade, we find that China's orientation toward foreign trade is much greater than expected for an economy of its size and level of development. Our analysis shows that China's excessive orientation toward foreign trade (“over-trading”) varies substantially across countries and we consider various explanations for the over-trading. A comparison of China's export boom with the earlier export booms of more market-based East and Southeast Asian economies shows that China's export boom has exceeded earlier booms in magnitude but not in duration. We conclude with a discussion of the likely scale of future export and import flows from and to China.