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1.
服务型领导有效性取决于领导者和下属双方匹配的一致性,但现有研究局限于仅从领导或下属单一视角考察服务型领导的影响。基于个体-环境匹配理论,对服务型领导供求匹配一致性与创造力的关系进行分析,探讨追随者内在动机的中介作用与追随者主动性人格的调节作用。通过对200个领导与726个员工的配对数据进行多项式回归与响应面分析,结果发现:与服务型领导低匹配(低供给-低需求)相比,追随者的内在动机在服务型领导高匹配(高供给-高需求)时更高;服务型领导供求匹配通过追随者内在动机影响创造力;追随者主动性人格在服务型领导供求匹配与追随者内在动机之间并不存在显著调节作用。 相似文献
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Using an experiment, we test the relation between personality traits and revealed risk and ambiguity preferences, and we consider the effects of personality traits prevalence in a group on the decision making of each group member. In the experiment, subjects reveal their risk and ambiguity preferences through lottery choices. They then participate in an unstructured group chat. Afterwards, they are given the chance to revise their initial lottery choices. Results show that personality traits affect ambiguity but not risk preferences before the chat. Specifically, agreeableness is negatively related to ambiguity aversion. We also show that the probability of changing decisions after the chat is affected by the individual's personality traits but not by the traits of the other group members. The latter only affects the direction and the degree of the change. 相似文献
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基于自我决定理论,运用实证分析法对281份有效问卷进行层级回归,考察组织授权对员工创造性绩效的作用机制。结果表明:①组织授权正向预测员工创造性绩效;②心理需要满足在组织授权对创造性绩效影响中起部分中介作用;③前瞻性人格以心理需要满足为部分中介调节组织授权与创造性绩效的关系。由此得出,要有效提高员工创造性绩效,管理者不仅要思考组织授权的“度”,还应密切关注员工人格特质及心理变化。研究结论为企业创新能力提升提供了全新的理论视角,可为企业以人格特质为依据进行人才选拔、培养及晋升提供参考。 相似文献
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Are prices or quantities the best regulatory instrument to align private actions with public interests in the presence of
externalities? We add another dimension to this ongoing debate by experimentally analyzing the interaction between instrument
choice and intrinsic motivation of regulated agents. The response of subjects facing a trade-off between real CO2 emissions and private monetary payoffs to both a price and a quantity instrument are tested. We find evidence that taxes
crowd out intrinsic motivation while emission standards are neutral. Crowding is short term persistent and not well explained
by established cognitive theories of motivational crowding. 相似文献
5.
Cognitive abilities and behavioral biases 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Jrg Oechssler Andreas Roider Patrick W. Schmitz 《Journal of economic behavior & organization》2009,72(1):147-152
We use a simple, three-item test for cognitive abilities to investigate whether established behavioral biases that play a prominent role in behavioral economics and finance are related to cognitive abilities. We find that higher test scores on the cognitive reflection test of Frederick [Frederick, S., 2005. Cognitive reflection and decision-making. Journal of Economic Perspectives 19, 25–42] indeed are correlated with lower incidences of the conjunction fallacy and conservatism in updating probabilities. Test scores are also significantly related to subjects’ time and risk preferences. Test scores have no influence on the amount of anchoring, although there is evidence of anchoring among all subjects. Even if incidences of most biases are lower for people with higher cognitive abilities, they still remain substantial. 相似文献
6.
Much of the research on how human capabilities contribute to labour market success focuses on traditional human capital predictors. However, researchers are becoming increasingly aware of the important role of personality traits in determining individual labour market outcomes, both positive and negative. Using data from young professional football players in Germany, this study investigates the relationship between individual personality traits and cognitive abilities on career success. Our results suggest that individuals who score low on the tendency to be principled but high on cognitive processing speed are significantly more likely to enjoy career success through job promotion. 相似文献
7.
Benedikt Vogt 《Applied economics letters》2017,24(12):846-849
I investigate the relation between high-stakes achievement test scores and students’ patience. I use an experimentally validated measure of time preferences to assess patience in a large sample of Dutch students in secondary school. A one SD increase in the achievement test at the age of 12 predicts 26% of an SD greater level of patience at the age of 15. The results hint at the fact that education can shape preferences. 相似文献
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《Journal of public economics》2007,91(1-2):343-363
Recent policy initiatives offer cash payments to children (and often their families) to induce better health and educational choices. These policies implicitly assume that children are especially impatient (i.e., have high discount rates); however, little is known about the nature of children's patience, how it varies across children, and whether children can even make rational inter-temporal choices. This paper examines the inter-temporal choices of 5- to 16-year-old children in an artefactual field experiment. We examine their choices between varying levels of compensation received in 2 or 4 months in the future and in 0 or 2 months in the future. We find that children's choices are consistent with hyperbolic discounting, boys are less patient than girls, older children are more patient and that mathematical achievement test scores, private schooling and parent's patience are not correlated with children's patience. We also find that although more than 25% of children do not make rational inter-temporal choices within a single two-period time frame, we cannot find variables that explain this behavior other than age and standardized mathematical achievement test scores. 相似文献
9.
Marco Cecchini Emanuele Bajo Paolo Maria Russo Maurizio Sobrero 《Journal of Behavioral Finance》2019,20(1):107-126
The authors model the role of personality traits in explaining the disposition effect building on realization utility theory and Big 5 model and moving from an aggregate level to interindividual differences. The experimental analysis, combining NEO Revised Personality Inventory measures with individual financial data from a trading simulation run by 230 individuals in China and Italy, shows that the disposition effect is driven by 2 distinct psychological processes, one related to holding losers and the other to selling winners. These 2 behavioral mechanisms are uncorrelated and influenced by different personality traits. Controlling for different demographic variables, the authors show (a) a greater sensitivity of the rewarding system that motivates “extroverts” to quickly sell the stock at gain to receive a burst of utility; (b) a tendency for “conscientious” subjects to suppress impulsivity, patiently waiting for higher cumulative returns; and (c) the importance of “openness to experience” to better value information to achieve higher outcomes. 相似文献
10.
创业坚持是创业成功的重要前提。作为复杂的决策行为,创业坚持受到多方面因素的共同作用。基于社会认知理论,探讨乐观、韧性、自我效能感和希望等心理资本对创业坚持的影响,以及内在动机和创业榜样发挥的情境效应。通过对我国202名创业者进行问卷调查发现:创业者的乐观、韧性、自我效能感和希望均能够显著促进其坚持创业;内在动机正向调节乐观、韧性、自我效能感各自与创业坚持的关系;创业榜样对乐观、韧性、自我效能感各自与创业坚持的关系发挥正向调节作用。将个体因素(心理资本和内在动机)与环境因素(创业榜样)纳入同一理论框架,讨论其对创业坚持的影响,以期为创业坚持研究提供新颖和全面的视角。 相似文献
11.
We study the relation between cognitive abilities and stockholding using the recent Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), which has detailed data on wealth and portfolio composition of individuals aged 50+ in 11 European countries and three indicators of cognitive abilities: mathematical, verbal fluency, and recall skills. We find that the propensity to invest in stocks is strongly associated with cognitive abilities, for both direct stock market participation and indirect participation through mutual funds and retirement accounts. Since the decision to invest in less information-intensive assets (such as bonds) is less strongly related to cognitive abilities, we conclude that the association between cognitive abilities and stockholding is driven by information constraints, rather than by features of preferences or psychological traits. 相似文献
12.
Ellen K. Nyhus 《Applied economics》2013,45(1):105-118
In this study, we investigate whether personality traits contribute towards a better understanding of the reasons for the gender wage gap. We explore whether two of the personality factors put forward by Bowles et al. (2001) as likely to be incentive enhancing in the employer–employee relationship can explain the difference in wages for women and men. These are (1) personal self efficacy (Locus of Control (LoC)) and (2) time preference. We also study the role of the so called Big Five personality traits (extraversion, emotional stability, agreeableness, openness intellect and conscientiousness), which have been associated with earnings in several recent studies. Using a sample of Dutch employees, we found that 11.5% of the observed gender wage gap could be ascribed to differences in the personality trait scores (mainly in agreeableness and intellect), while less than 0.5% could be ascribed to gender differences in the returns to the traits. The addition of personality traits to a traditional human capital model reduces the unexplained part of the gender wage gap from 75.2% to 62.7%. We therefore conclude that these traits represent a valuable addition to the model. 相似文献
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Eckhardt Bode Stephan Brunow Ingrid Ott Alina Sorgner 《The German Economic Review》2019,20(4):e254-e294
We present empirical evidence suggesting that technological progress in the digital age will be biased not only with respect to skills acquired through education but additionally with respect to non‐cognitive skills (personality). We measure the direction of technological change by estimated future digitalization probabilities of occupations, and non‐cognitive skills by the Big Five personality traits from four German worker surveys. Even though we control for education and work experience, we find that workers who are more open to experience, emotionally more stable and less agreeable will tend to be less susceptible to digitalization. We also find that future technological progress may not continue to hollow out the middle class as much as it did in the recent past. These results suggest that education and labor market policies should put more emphasis on children's and workers’ personalities to strengthen their labor market resilience in the digital age. 相似文献
17.
以自我决定理论和动机感染理论为基础,从共享内在动机视角构建有调节变量的中介模型,考察地位冲突对团队创造力的作用机制。以104个团队428名成员为研究对象,运用Mplus 7.4软件进行统计分析。实证研究表明,地位冲突对团队创造力有正向影响;团队心理授权完全中介了地位冲突与团队创造力的关系;关系冲突在该过程中起负向调节作用,即关系冲突越激烈,其通过团队心理授权对团队创造力的作用越弱,反之越强。但是,程序公平的调节作用未被证实。该研究拓展了作为新兴领域的地位冲突理论知识,探索了中国情境下的团队有效性,可为中国现代企业实施团队管理提供启示。 相似文献
18.
整合组织动机和期望确认理论,从购买动机视角探讨企业突破性技术持续采用意愿的驱动机制。将购买动机分为效率动机、规范趋同动机和模仿趋同动机,阐述购买动机对突破性技术持续采用意愿影响的微观机理。以198家购买过云计算技术的企业为研究样本,实证检验购买动机与突破性技术持续采用意愿间的关系,并检验满意和认知锁定的中介效应。结果表明:购买动机正向影响突破性技术持续采用意愿,满意和认知锁定在购买动机与突破性技术持续采用意愿之间起中介作用,各购买动机的中介作用路径呈现差异化。其中,效率动机的作用路径被满意和认知锁定部分中介,模仿趋同动机的作用路径被满意部分中介,规范趋同动机的作用路径被认知锁定部分中介。研究结论打开了企业突破性技术持续采用意愿的“黑箱”,对于企业深入理解突破性技术持续采用意愿的驱动机制,促进突破性技术在持续采用过程中发挥真正价值具有重要借鉴意义。 相似文献
19.
《Journal of Behavioral Finance》2013,14(4):193-203
Emotions exert a significant influence on financial behavior. The "socionomic hypothesis" posits social mood, the collective mood of individuals, as a primary causal variable in financial and social trends. In order to provide a scientific basis for the study of social mood, this article reviews psychological research on major mood-related elements of personality: affect, motivation, and personality traits. We examine the structure and functions of these core personality dimensions, and discuss research on contagion processes by which individuals' moods spread and manifest in a collective social mood. We also address implications for financial and economic behavior. Social mood is rooted in empirically established personality dimensions that are fundamental to human nature, and can influence financial outcomes. 相似文献
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整合组织动机和期望确认理论,从购买动机视角探讨企业突破性技术持续采用意愿的驱动机制。将购买动机分为效率动机、规范趋同动机和模仿趋同动机,阐述购买动机对突破性技术持续采用意愿影响的微观机理。以198家购买过云计算技术的企业为研究样本,实证检验购买动机与突破性技术持续采用意愿间的关系,并检验满意和认知锁定的中介效应。结果表明:购买动机正向影响突破性技术持续采用意愿,满意和认知锁定在购买动机与突破性技术持续采用意愿之间起中介作用,各购买动机的中介作用路径呈现差异化。其中,效率动机的作用路径被满意和认知锁定部分中介,模仿趋同动机的作用路径被满意部分中介,规范趋同动机的作用路径被认知锁定部分中介。研究结论打开了企业突破性技术持续采用意愿的“黑箱”,对于企业深入理解突破性技术持续采用意愿的驱动机制,促进突破性技术在持续采用过程中发挥真正价值具有重要借鉴意义。 相似文献