一种新兴的采购技术:反拍卖采购

本文介绍了一种融新采购理念和信息技术为一体的采购模式——反拍卖采购，阐述了反拍卖采购的操作流程。并通过对我国传统采购模式与反拍卖采购模式的对比分析，说明了反拍卖采购的优势，适用范围以及实施中应该注意的问题。     

电子化集中采购模式及实例分析

通过对集中采购存在的弊端和电子化采购优越性的分析，提出了一种电子化集中采购模式，并详细分析了该模式对集中采购的促进作用。文中指出，将集中采购实现建立在统一电子化采购平台上，能够克服时间和空间上的距离，从而可提高集中采购的效率和质量。最后，通过对韩国浦项钢铁公司集中采购情况的分析，进一步说明了电子化集中采购模式的作用。     

准时采购的应用研究

准时采购作为一种先进的采购模式，不但可以减少库存，还可以有效缩短供应链整体响应周期，实现供应链高效运作。目前我国航天企业的采购管理模式还是采用传统的采购模式，库存成本过高，采购效率较低。本文以准时采购的理论为基础，分析航天企业的采购管理问题，研究将准时采购模式应用于航天企业的策略，实现对航天企业采购管理的优化。     

适应海军转型建设要求推进物资采购改革深入发展

2001年以来，海军物资采购改革工作坚持以军事斗争准备为牵引，以加快转变保障力生成模式为核心，火力加强物资采购组织体系和法规制度建设，积极创新采购保障模式，不断强化采购业务管理，取得了明显成效。     

集中采购模式下物资采购审计初探

物资采购审计的目的是改善物资采购质量，降低采购费用，维护企业的合法权益，促进企业价值的增加及目标的实现。在集中化采购模式下，物资采购审计应针对集中采购模式的特点，确定审计重点，运用科学的审计方法完成审计工作。     

价格信息库——采购控制的基础

传统采购制度下的采购流程是采购员定价模式，即在采购员(采购部门)询价的基础上确定供货商及价格，这种模式的程序为：使用部门提出申请一计划部门批准一采购部门询价并采购一财务部门审核后付款，在这种模式下财务部门、审计部门只能审核采购是否有计划、货物是否入库、开具的发     

创新采购模式 实现和谐政府采购

本文中，广州市政府采购中心副主任林伟强为我们介绍了广州市政府采购中心在工作中以刨新求发展、以信息化为依托，创新采购模式的具体做法，这些做法为其他省市政府采购中心的工作提供了有力借鉴。     

军队物资采购改革情况介绍

军队的物资采购改革有三项主要任务；一是改革采购模式，逐步实现以集中采购为主；二是改革采购方式，扩大招标采购范围；三是改革采购程序，实行分段管理，做到采购管理与操作相对分开，采购计划，采购操作，经费支付三项职能相互分开。本文从军队物资采购的管理体制、管理范围、法规制度、下一步改革重点等四方面介绍了军队物资采购改革的基本情况。     

浅谈EPC采购模式下建筑工程造价的控制

本文分析了建筑工程项目EPC采购模式的特点和其在我国的应用现状，详细论述了采用EPC采购模式建筑工程项目造价控制的要点，并分阶段讨论了在整个项目周期内各阶段造价控制的关键因素，并提出了合理化建议。     

基于供应链的物资采购管理研究

基于供应链的物资采购通过规范的定价和订货流程,建立企业和供应商之间的战略合作关系,从而达到降低采购价格、提高采购质量和供应商服务质量的目的。文章阐述了转变传统的物资采购模式的必要性,分析了传统的采购模式与基于供应链的采购模式的区别,最后提出了企业建立基于供应链的物资采购模式的对策建议。     

Just-in-time purchasing: a case study

This article presents a case study on how Hutchinson Technology Incorporated (HTI) organized and implemented just-in-time (JIT) purchasing.     

Operating decisions, supplier availability and quality: An empirical study

In the just-in-time (JIT) philosophy, purchasing strategies advocate the use of fewer sources of supply to enable a firm to improve the quality of its products. However, there is paucity of empirical evidence in support of the theory. We develop a model by integrating concepts from manufacturing, marketing, and business strategy to better understand the links between operating decisions of the firm, supplier availability, and product quality. We empirically test the hypotheses using cross-sectional PIMS data. Our analysis shows that operating decisions and environmental factors such as wider product lines, lower levels of competition, and greater frequency of product changes increase the likelihood of a firms' reduction of supplier base, which in turn raises quality levels.     

Getting from “just-in-case” to “just-in-time”: Insights from a simple model

Many factory managers are hesitant about implementing a just-in-time system due to concern about the dip in productivity that occurs. Here, a simple analytic model is used to study the trade-off between disruption and learning/improvement on a production line. While simple, the model is shown to capture many of the effects of just-in-time mentioned in the literature.Using insights from the model, an attempt is made to identify those factors to which successful implementation of just-in-time is most sensitive.     

Using replication research for just-in-time purchasing construct development

Using replication research, the validity of the just-in-time purchasing (JITP) construct is established. Although empirical researchers have examined JITP over the last two decades, a consistent set of valid, reliable factors has not been used. The lack of valid construct is a barrier to hypotheses testing and meta-analyses on JITP. This study confirmed the validity of six JITP factors: top management commitment, employee relations, training, supplier quality management, transportation, and quantities delivered using two different data sets and testing the first- and second-order structure of the JITP construct. Content validity, reliability, unidimensionality, convergent validity, discriminant validity, criterion-related validity, and an invariant factorial structure of the JITP construct were empirically established.     

ADOPTING JAPANESE-STYLE MANUFACTURING METHODS: A TALE OF TWO (UK) FACTORIES*

Japanese manufacturing methods such as just-in-time production and total quality control are serving as a model of manufacturing organization which many UK manufacturers are currently emulating. This article describes the implementation of just-in-time production and its supporting practices in two factories owned by the same company. Empirical evidence demonstrates a profoundly political dimension to these innovations, requiring a significant rewriting of organizations’ political and cultural maps.     

Just-in-time inventory systems innovation and the predictability of earnings

Firms that adopt just-in-time (JIT) inventory practices do so in order to realize cost savings and improve product quality, but an unexpected benefit to such firms could be a more predictable earnings stream. We examine the relationship between implementation of just-in-time inventory practices and the predictability of future quarterly earnings for a matched-pair sample of 82 firms, half of which have publicly announced that they have adopted JIT inventory practices. We find that one- and four-step-ahead forecasts of quarterly earnings, using either a Brown–Rozeff [Journal of Accounting Research (1979) 179–189] ARIMA or a seasonal random walk expectation model, are more accurate for the firms that have adopted JIT.     

汽车零部件联合采购运作模式研究

文章在分析传统汽车零部件采购和零部件联合采购的基础上,构建了汽车零部件联合采购模型,探索性的提出三种汽车零部件采购联盟的运作模式:委托代理式汽车零部件采购联盟、合资式汽车零部件采购联盟、第三方运营的汽车零部件采购联盟。并对每种模式进行了详细的分析,同时提出采购联盟组建过程中需要注意的问题,为汽车零部件联合采购提供了理论基础。     

Organizational structure characteristics’ influences on international purchasing performance in different purchasing locations

This study contributes to the understanding of how firms should structure their purchasing organization to improve their performance. While the research into structural characteristics’ impacts on purchasing performance is evolving, it is still incomplete, especially concerning the contingencies on different purchasing environments. Drawing on ideas from the organizational information processing and contingency approaches as well as the international business literature, the present study proposes a model in which three key organizational structure characteristics – centralization, standardization, and specialization – are associated with purchasing performance. This study posits that the relationships are contingent on a purchasing location’s formal and informal institutional context. Based on a sample of 195 German manufacturers, the model is empirically tested using structural equation modeling. The findings support the relevance of organizational structure characteristics for international purchasing and firm performance and they also support the notion that the effects are contingent on the purchasing location’s institutional context.     

基于供应链的集中式战略采购研究

在当今竞争激烈的市场环境中,采购管理逐渐成为企业新的利润创造源.基于供应链的集中式战略采购是指企业将采购职能和供应商资源跨部门集中管理,通过加强供应商合作,实现供应链总成本最低化和效率最大化的采购模式.该采购模式作为战略采购的深化,能够有效推动企业竞争力的提升.本文首先介绍集中式战略采购的内涵和特点,接着对该模式的竞争优势进行了深入分析,最后提出应用建议.