浅析非公中小企业的社会责任

承担好社会责任．形成企业与社会之间的良性互动关系，已经成为企业可持续发展的要求。结合对当前我国非公中小企业承担社会责任不力的原因分析，提出了推动企业承担社会责任的措施。     

社会责任认证与中小企业面临的新挑战

中小企业是我国国民经济中的重要组成部分.中小企业如何有效的承担社会责任,是构建和谐社会的重要保障.由于我国中小企业发展中自身的问题及社会责任认证体制的问题,中小企业社会责任认证在当前经济环境下遇到了新的挑战.本文分析了新挑战并提出了实施对策.     

试论我国中小企业社会责任的法律规制

随着市场经济的发展,我国中小企业在数量和地位上都发挥着至关重要的作用,然而中小企业承担社会责任十分有限,甚至会出现违反法律、缺失道德的行为。本文从规制中小企业社会责任的必要性出发,提出对中小企业社会责任进行法律规制的几点思考建议,以期我国中小企业能长久健康发展。     

云南省中小企业社会责任缺失之分析

随着环境与食品安全问题日益受到广大民众的关注,企业社会责任再度成为热议话题.本文从中小企业社会责任缺失的表现入手,分析了中小企业社会责任缺失的原因.并对中小企业承担社会责任的正当性进行了论述,并得出结论中小企业承担社会责任将会给中小企业带来更长远的发展.     

我国中小企业战略型社会责任管理研究——基于供应链管理的视角

承担社会责任是我国中小企业参与国际竞争、顺应社会责任国际化发展趋势的必然要求.本文从供应链管理的角度探讨我国中小企业进行战略型社会责任管理的方法与途径.论文提出通过构建基于社会责任的封闭式供应链管理体系以及绿色环保供应链管理体系,使中小企业通过供应链社会责任管理实现企业的竞争优势;论文还提出中小企业构建超越审核的供应链社会责任管理模式的设想,使中小企业在跨国公司主导的供应链社会责任管理中提升话语权与管控力,以责任竞争力促进企业的可持续发展.     

民族自治地区中小企业盈利与社会责任表现——基于南宁市的调查分析

通过问卷调查南宁市中小企业的盈利状况及其履行社会责任的状况,利用因子分析、聚类分析和列联表分析得出结论:南宁市中小企业的盈利状况与其总体的社会责任表现没有显著相关性;与对内部利益相关者(股东、员工)承担社会责任负相关,与对外部利益相关者(顾客、社区、环境)承担社会责任亦无显著相关性。     

我国中小企业社会责任行为影响因素研究

本文对我国中小企业承担社会责任的现状进行了初步研究，从理论的角度系统分析了影响中小企业社会责任行为的因素，并提出了一些改善状况的对策与建议。     

中小企业社会责任研究综述

企业社会责任日益受到业界和学术界的关注。然而，目前中国企业主动承担社会责任的现状却不容乐观，尤其是中小企业承担社会责任状况令人堪忧。中小企业在国民经济发展中扮演着重要作用，因此，承担社会责任不仅是中小企业发展的内在要求，也是推动社会进步的需要。文章首先对近年来国内外学者的研究成果进行回顾，然后提出未来的研究展望。     

我国中小企业在市场营销中缺失社会责任的原因及对策分析

近年来，企业社会责任发挥着越来越重要的作用，同时也与企业营销密切相关，因此，本文就我国中小企业在市场营销方面承担社会责任的熏要意义以及存在的问题进行了分析，同时给出了相应的对策，以帮助企业更好的承担社会责任，最终能够实现企业长远的发展。     

转型期中小企业社会责任的缺失

中小企业社会责任是指中小企业在创造利润、对股东利益负责的同时，还应承担对员工、消费者、供应商、经销商以及对社区、社会和环境的责任。从企业生命周期理论纵向分析，中小企业并非自建立之日起就具备履行所有社会责任的能力，而是在不同的发展阶段按相应的实力去承担相应的责任。 然而，在现实生活中，一部分中小企业的社会责任意识淡薄，产生种种违背法律和道德的行为，成为社会潜在的不稳定与不和谐因素，对企业的经营与成长形成了障碍。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.     

Sixty years of discrimination and diversity research in human resource management: A review with suggestions for future research directions

This article reviews discrimination and diversity research published in Human Resource Management (HRM) over the past 60 years. While discrimination and diversity are very different constructs, it is often informative to study them together, because when people recognize each other's diversity, this can result in bias, stereotyping, and discrimination. We conducted bibliographic searches for terms related to discrimination and diversity as well as a manual search through every title and abstract published in HRM over the last 60 years to assess article relevance. The search resulted in 135 research articles with 136 unique studies (i.e., samples) which are reviewed in this article. Sex and race are the demographics that have been examined the most in HRM, while religion has been examined the least. Moreover, the number of studies examining lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) employees in the workplace in HRM has grown quickly within the past 10 years, culminating in a recent meta‐analysis. Our review looks at some of the earliest research published, the most recent research published, and the overall trends we identified in the research over the years for both discrimination and diversity articles. We then make future research suggestions and recommendations to advance the study of discrimination and diversity in the coming years.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

The Early History of the Cumulants and the Gram-Charlier Series

The early history of the Gram-Charlier series is discussed from three points of view: (1) a generalization of Laplace's central limit theorem, (2) a least squares approximation to a continuous function by means of Chebyshev-Hermite polynomials, (3) a generalization of Gauss's normal distribution to a system of skew distributions. Thiele defined the cumulants in terms of the moments, first by a recursion formula and later by an expansion of the logarithm of the moment generating function. He devised a differential operator which adjusts any cumulant to a desired value. His little known 1899 paper in Danish on the properties of the cumulants is translated into English in the Appendix.