食品中黄曲霉毒素B_1的检测分析

黄曲霉毒素B_1是污染食品的常见物质,提高检测方法及质量对食品安全具有重要意义。本文主要对食品中黄曲霉毒素B_1的检测方法进行了研究、分析,旨在为黄曲霉毒素B_1的测定提供参考。     

食品安全检测

结合本人多年的工作实际主要从3个方面着重阐述了食品安全检测的问题,这3个方面是:食品安全检测的迫切性;食品安全检测的内容(主要从3个方面去介绍:①食品中有害微生物的检测,②食品添加剂的检测,③食品中常见毒素和几种典型毒素的检测);食品安全检测的发展方向。     

液相色谱串联质谱法在检测食品霉菌毒素中的应用

本文对霉菌毒素及其常见的检测方法进行了简单介绍,主要介绍了液相色谱串联质谱法在检测霉菌毒素中的应用,并对结果进行分析,提出优化改进的办法。希望通过本文的介绍,能够为食品中霉菌毒素的检测及控制带来一定的帮助,进而提高我国的食品安全质量。     

大豆加工食品中呕吐毒素污染水平调查与分析

建立了酱油和豆腐乳中呕吐毒素免疫学检测的前处理方法,并首次调查了市场上酱油、豆腐乳、豆腐和大豆中呕吐毒素的污染水平,分析并证实了豆腐乳中呕吐毒素的污染主要来自原料豆腐隙头仍是大豆）而不是生产加工过程,酱油中呕吐毒素污染主要来自原料大豆。因此对大豆加工食品中呕吐毒素的污染控制,重点应放在原料大豆。     

发酵调味品中黄曲霉毒素控制技术分析

随着社会经济发展,人民生活水平日渐升高,食品安全问题越来越被人们所关注。在食品调味品中发酵调味品是其中重要的组成部分,而黄曲霉毒素是其最大的安全隐患,因此相关的检测控制技术是发酵调味品安全控制工作的重点。本文强调了对黄曲霉毒素的检测控制的重要性,并对其相关技术加以阐述分析,展望了黄曲霉毒素检测在发酵调味品安全管理中的前景。     

发酵调味品中黄曲霉毒素检测控制技术

食品是民生大计,食品安全问题越来越受到政府和各阶层的重视,食品的安全关系到社会的稳定和人民身体健康,甚至会影响到国家的经济发展。随着食品安全受到社会更多的关注,食品安全检测技术也随之提高,黄曲霉毒素是影响发酵调味品食品安全的重要隐患。因此,应重视发酵调味品中黄曲霉毒素检测控制技术,以保证社会的食品安全。     

生物传感器在食品安全检测中的应用

生物传感器是现代食品行业中的一种重要科学技术,而且近几年研究这方面的专家越来越多,其在医学、食品检测方面有很好的应用前景。现在食品中添加的有害物质越来越多,而生物传感器能有效地检测出食品中激素、微生物毒素、添加剂、农药兽药的残留。基于此,对生物传感器在食品安全检测中的应用进行研究分析。     

食品中黄曲霉毒素的检测方法研究

黄曲霉在自然界中普遍存在,而农产品在存储过程中易发霉,产生强毒性、强致癌性的黄曲霉毒素,因此食品中黄曲霉毒素的检验对保障食品安全具有重要意义。本文论述了不同方法检验食品中的黄曲霉毒素,并对不同方法的发展趋势进行了展望。     

PCR技术在国内农产品及食品检测标准中的应用

随着PCR技术在农产品及食品检测方面的应用越来越广泛,其标准化程度也日益增加。本文综述了PCR技术在农产品食品致病菌检测、转基因成分检测、过敏源成分检测、病毒毒素检测等方面的贡献,旨在为PCR技术在多领域的发展提供新的思路。     

高效液相色谱法检测人参和生姜中的黄曲霉毒素和棕曲霉毒素A

应美国食品药品管理局（USFDA）邀请,山东出入境检验检疫局技术中心生物毒素实验室参加了“高效液相色谱法检测人参和生姜中的黄曲霉毒素和棕曲霉毒素A”的AOAC国际协作研究（COACcollaborative study）。依照组织方提供的检测方法和测试程序,对30个待测样品进行了测定。结果显示,本方法检测人参和生姜中黄曲霉毒素的回收率为80％-90％,检测人参和生姜中棕曲霉毒素A的回收率为85％-95％。经使用,该方法快速、灵敏、准确、简便,满足实验室同时检测人参和生姜中黄曲霉毒素和棕曲霉毒素A的要求。     

应用DNA彗星电泳法检测辐照食品

通过彗星电泳法检测样品单细胞DNA损伤从而鉴别辐照食品。[方法]选取12种食品基质,经1KGy、3KGy、5KGy、7KGy、10KGy剂量辐照后,进行彗星电泳检测,并对检测时效性进行研究。[结果]除熟制鸡肉外,其他样品均可通过彗星电泳法检测到辐照状况,检测灵敏度达lKGy辐照剂量;辐照产生的DNA损伤具有明显的剂量-效应关系,以TL、TDNA％指标分析存在平台期,以TM、OTM指标分析则不存在平台期：辐照后6h-5d均可检测到明显的彗星图像。[结论]彗星电泳法适用于除熟制食品外的含DNA食品的辐照检测,方法稳定性好,检测灵敏度高。     

气相色谱及气相色谱-质谱法检测食品中增塑剂

利用气相色谱及气相色谱-质谱联用技术,对食品中4种邻苯酸二甲酯类化合物进行检测。对于非油脂类食品,气相色谱法的检出限为1.5mg/kg,平均回收率为67.4%-92.9%,相对标准偏差为1.6%-4.7%;气相色谱-质谱联用的检出限为0.05mg/kg,平均回收率为66.3%-112.9%,相对标准偏差为2.9%-11.3%。对于油脂类食品,气相色谱法的检出限为30mg/kg,平均回收率为73.4%-96.1%,相对标准偏差为1.6%-2.8%;气相色谱-质谱联用的检出限为1.5mg/kg,平均回收率为64.1%-80.2%,相对标准偏差为1.6%-4.5%。用该分析方法对285批食品样品进行了分析检测,1批食品样品检出BBP,13批检出DBP,63批检出DEHP,总检出阳性样品68批,总阳性检出率23.9%,其检出质量分数为0.05-1.27mg/kg。该方法前处理简单,分离效果好,灵敏度高,能够满足食品中4种邻苯二甲酸酯检测的需要。     

动物源性食品中β-内酰胺类药物残留检测研究进展

自1928年青霉素抗生素发现以来,β-内酰胺类抗生素已增至几百种,其品种和数量居各类抗生素之首。β-内酰胺类抗生素在食物源性动物体内残留,易使人类产生过敏反应和细菌耐药性,目前许多国家已开始严格监控β-内酰胺类抗生素在动物饲养过程中使用剂量和方法。为全面了解动物源性食品中β-内酰胺检测研究现状,本文详细介绍了动物源性食品中β-内酰胺类药物残留的样品前处理与检测方法研究进展。     

What Role Does Sense of Power Play in Consumers’ Decision Making of Risky Food Consumption While Dining Out?

One way to understand risky food consumption is to look at the influence of the sense of power, as well as optimism bias. The purpose of this study was to examine how the sense of power affects consumers’ intention to consume risky foods by assessing the direct relationship between their sense of power and subsequent consumption of risky foods, and investigating the indirect relationship between sense of power and risky food consumption with general optimism bias or food safety optimism bias as a mediating variable. A web-based questionnaire with 387 responses was used to test the hypotheses and the indirect relationships from the sense of power to intention to consume risky foods via food safety optimism. Findings indicate the theoretical implication of a new variable (food safety optimism) that is useful in understanding the relationship between the sense of power and risky food consumption. Results also offer practical implications on better ways to market raw or undercooked foods to potential consumers.     

Finns and functional foods: socio‐demographics,health efforts,notions of technology and the acceptability of health‐promoting foods

Eating is increasingly characterized by concerns over health and well‐being. New types of foods designed to promote health or to reduce the risk of diseases, known as functional foods, have been entering the market since the 1990s. This article focuses on the appropriation of functional foods among Finnish consumers from the perspective of acceptability. We analyse the relationship between consumers’ views of functional foods and their socio‐demographic backgrounds, health efforts and notions of food, health and technology. The article is based on a survey of a representative sample of Finnish consumers (n = 1210). The data were collected by using computer‐assisted telephone interviews and analysed by factor analysis and analysis of variance. The factor analysis resulted in four dimensions of acceptability: (1) experiences of functional foods; (2) views on product quality and safety; (3) societal concerns over current developments; and (4) views on regulation and research. According to the results, the differences in consumer views of functional foods were to some extent linked with age and education but better explained by the differing roles of food and health in people’s lives and the acceptability of modern food technologies. Efforts to lower blood cholesterol and/or blood pressure, the use of dietary supplements, regarding healthy eating as very important and having an optimistic outlook on the use of technology in food production were all related to more optimistic views of functional foods. Finns seem to have a relatively trusting position on functional foods. Familiarity of functional foods in Finland, absence of serious food scandals, the health‐oriented Finnish culture and the generally high level of societal trust may account for this optimism.     

Functional Foods and the Young

Factors such as raised consciousness about human health, development of the food industry, and medicine and branches of natural science studying the relation between nutrition and health have led to the popularization of foods with proven health effects. Such foods are called functional foods. Although there is growing interest in functional foods, there are several groups of consumers that are, more than others, interested in functional foods. To examine buying behavior and attitudes toward functional food of young consumers (18–30 years old) and to determine the most interested consumers, we conducted a survey using a self-administered questionnaire on a sample of 570 Croatian students. The majority of the respondents purchase functional foods, usually in supermarkets. Apart from taste, the most important functional food attribute is price/quality ratio. Respondents are buying functional foods because they believe that those foods are healthier and safer than other products. Examined market segments were based on respondents’ attitudes toward functional foods. The results of this research could be used in planning further development of the functional foods market for young consumers.     

Are nutrient-content claims always effective?

The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which recently prevalent nutrientcontent claims in food advertising are effective and how the level of effectiveness might differ between food products perceived as healthy and unhealthy. Guided by the match-up hypothesis and its theoretical underpinnings, a set of 2 (nutrient-content vs taste claim) × 2 (healthy vs unhealthy food) experiments investigated the impact of nutrient-content claims compared to the impact of taste claims on two different food product types. The authors found that (a) respondents evaluated food ads with nutrient-content claims as healthier than food ads with taste claims regardless of product type, but (b) the respondents showed better advertising evaluations on nutrient-content claims for foods perceived as healthy foods and on taste claims for foods perceived as unhealthy. Our findings provide implications and suggestions for improving food advertising and marketing strategies, and public health policy.     

Food safety knowledge and practices of consumers in the U.S.A.

Use of safe food handling practices in the home could reduce the number of foodborne illnesses. The objective of this project was to obtain baseline data on the safe food handling knowledge and practices of consumers to aid in the development of effective educational programmes. A food handling questionnaire was developed and completed by 426 Nebraskan respondents. Knowledge and practice questions were based on the most important contributory factors in reported foodborne illness outbreaks. Knowledge scores (correct responses) ranged from 2 to 29 with a mean of 20 ± 4. When compared with the knowledge score, the respondents' education level, where they lived and their sex were statistically significant. Almost all (96%) of the respondents stated that they practised safe food handling when persons were infected. Approximately half of the respondents indicated that they practised safe food handling when handling contaminated raw foods and using foods from unsafe sources. About 45% of the respondents inappropriately left foods at room temperature. One-third of the survey respondents improperly held hot foods. Cross-contamination was a concept understood by 75% of the respondents. Results indicate that food safety education should be targeted on specific groups who are less knowledgeable about safe food handling practices. Results also indicate that a number of respondents knew proper food handling concepts but did not put those concepts into practice. Therefore, increasing the adoption of safe food handling practices by consumers should become an important aspect for educators in food safety educational programmes.     

婴幼儿食品微生物及微生物毒素调查分析

对婴幼儿食品（配方乳粉、补充谷物、饼干和罐头）分别进行微生物污染以及微生物毒素调查。调查结果表明：357份婴幼儿食品均未检出沙门氏菌和单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌;11份婴幼儿配方乳粉、1份补充谷物和1份饼干食品中检出坂崎肠杆菌,检出率分别为4.2%,2.4%和2.5%;检出1份补充谷物菌落总数超过国家标准最高安全限量值。13份婴幼儿配方乳粉和3份补充谷物检出肠杆菌科细菌,检出率分别为32.5%和7.1%;14份（婴幼儿）配方乳粉、2份婴幼儿罐头检出蜡样芽孢杆菌,检出率分别为35%和20%;1份婴幼儿配方乳粉检出黄曲霉毒素M1超标。婴幼儿食品存在微生物及其微生物毒素污染的风险,应加强对婴幼儿食品的致病微生物及其毒素的监测和监管。