浅析我国农村金融体制现状及改革

目前在我国农村,资本不足,资金短缺已成为阻碍乡镇企业和农村发展的主要问题,如何完善农村金融体系建设,解决农村信贷不足,成为农村金融体制改革中的主要问题。     

我国农村经济发展中的金融支持研究

农村经济是我国国民经济的重要组成部分,也是三农问题的根源。所以,发展农村经济是当前解决我国三农问题的重要突破口。基于金融在现代经济中的核心地位,农村经济的发展也离不开金融的支持。然而我国的农村经济发展中金融支持的范围和力度却未能实现其作为首要的资本配置制度应起的作用。我国农村金融体系在结构的完善程度,金融工具的丰富程度,信用体系和信用环境的规范程度,法律和政策环境的正规化等方面各存在提升和完善空间。本文在对我国现行金融体系和农村经济发展近况做深入分析的基础上,针对金融体系中尚待完善的方面提出从建立健全农村金融体系,推进农村金融工具创新,增强金融服务功,改善农村信用环境,扩大信用范围,优化农村金融支持外部环境等方面完善农村经济发展中的金融支持的政策建议。     

“抽血”容易回流难——对资金回流农村的难点分析

我国目前银行体制的运行，抽走了大量农村储蓄资金．这是不争的事实。在建设社会主义新农村的战略要求下，改革和完善现行的农村金融体系，引导资金回流农村，满足农村经济建设和社会发展的需求．成为当务之急。实际上，近年来的金融体制改革都在探索金融资本回流农村的机制和办法，包括邮政储蓄机构以小额存单质押贷款和以协议存款为农村金融机构提供资金等方式，     

完善我国农村金融体系的经济学研究

农村金融是现代农村经济的核心.在我国,农村经济最基本的生产要素(土地、劳动力和资本)中,资本最为稀缺.长期以来,我国农村金融体系存在着严重的缺陷,使得农村经济发展得不到金融行业的强力支持.在此过程中.农村信用社一卣没有准确的定位.更没有充分发挥出其应有的金融功能.要推动现代农业经济的进步,建设社会主义新农村,最终解决"三农问题".就必须研究造成农村金融体系缺陷的根本因素,并在此基础上探索适合我国国情的农村金融体系完善途径.     

加快农村金融创新提升金融服务水平

农村金融是现代农村经济的核心,发展现代农业,建设社会主义新农村,离不开农村金融的有效支持.加快推进农村金融创新,建立起资本充足、功能健全、服务完善、运行安全的农村金融体系,不仅能起到促进农业增产、农民增收、农村繁荣的作用,而且能为经济社会全面协调可持续发展提供有力支持.本文以我省农村合作金融机构为例,就农村金融如何加快创新步伐,提升金融服务水平作一探讨.     

江苏省农村金融体系深化改革的路径、成效与建议

多年来,我国农村金融体系不完善成为制约县域与农村经济稳定发展的一个重要"瓶颈".2008年10月,<中共中央关于推进农村改革发展若干重大问题的决定>中提出"要加快建立商业性金融、合作性金融、政策性金融相结合,资本充足、功能健全、服务完善、运行安全的农村金融体系",这为我国的农村金融改革指明了方向.近年来,江苏省在农村金...     

健康的金融体系:解决农村融资问题的根本途径

一个健康、完善的金融体系对于农村经济的持续发展是不可缺少的。建设社会主义新农村需要农村金融的支持,构建完善的农村金融体系可以保障农村经济的快速稳定发展。必须正确认识当前我国当前农村金融体系存在的一些问题,探讨新形势下我国农村金融体系建设的一系列对策。     

金融机构如何破题农村资金外流

完善农村金融机构,建立广覆盖、多层次的农村金融体系,不仅有利于进一步规范农村金融市场,而且有助于解决农村资金流失问题。目前中国已进入"工业反哺农业,城市支持农村"的时期,而农业的高风险性使农业投资不足,再加上农村基础设施差、经济发展水平低,资本的逐利性使农村积累的资金通过金融机构流失到城市,成为阻碍农村经济快速均衡发展的最大障碍。作为农村资金流入和流出的主渠道,中国农村金融机构目前存在层次划分不清、覆盖率较低,农村金融服务需求难以满足的问题。有统计数据显示,非正规金融满足农户需求的贷款量是正规金融机构的约4倍。     

云南省农业企业金融支持体系研究——基于微观融资的视角

现有农村金融市场体系能否提供金融资本与农业资本有机融合的通路,尤其是在有机融合的过程中,农业龙头企业作为推动地方农业产业化发展的核心力量,是否能在现有农村金融支持体系下获得有效资金配置,是检验现有农村金融体系是否完善的重要依据。笔者以云南省188家农业龙头企业的调查为依据,探讨农业龙头企业在目前的金融支持体系下,是否能够有效获得企业发展所需资金,获得资金的来源和渠道是否通畅,存在何种问题和障碍。最后,对目前云南省农村金融市场支持体系的完善提出对策建议。     

着力破除农村生产关系障碍 促进农村信贷供应可持续增长

党的十七届三中全会通过的《中共中央关于推进农村改革发展若干重大问题的决定》指出:农村金融是现代农村经济的核心。创新农村金融体制,放宽农村金融准入政策,加快建立商业性金融、合作性金融、政策性金融相结合,资本充足、功能健全、服务完善、运行安全的农村金融体系,强调要加大对农村金融的政策支持力度、拓宽融资渠道,引导更多信贷资金和社会资金投向农村。这是党中央适应我国     

农村商业银行战略转型的路径研究

目前,我国部分农村信用社改制成农村股份制商业银行,据银监会数据统计,截至2013年底,全国共改制组建并开业的农村商业银行共计590家（其中农村商业银行468家,农村合作银行122家）。农村商业银行（农村合作银行）各项业务已占据全国的半壁江山。但随着金融改革与利率市场化进程的加快,农村商业银行在体制、机制、金融创新及全面风险管理等方面面临前所未有的严峻挑战。在新形势下农村商业银行要加快转型发展,稳步提升农村金融市场竞争力,实现可持续发展。本文揭示了农村商业银行战略转型的难点,提出农村商业银行转型发展的建议。     

数字金融、银行信贷渠道与货币政策传导

作为新兴金融业态,数字金融发展会对既有金融体系带来怎样的冲击和影响?聚焦于货币政策传导机制这一宏观命题,立足于我国以银行信贷渠道为主导的数量型中介,运用我国商业银行、A股上市公司的微观面板数据,本文深度剖析了数字金融发展与货币政策银行信贷渠道传导之间的内在联系和影响机理。研究发现:(1)数字金融发展显著弱化了货币政策银行信贷渠道的传导效应,采用工具变量法克服内生性和控制影子银行变量等一系列稳健性检验后的结果依然支持该结论。(2)具体而言,数字金融削弱银行信贷渠道传导效果是通过改变银行资产负债结构和弱化实体企业对银行贷款的依赖而实现的。(3)上述弱化效应在以城市和农村商业银行为主的中小型金融机构以及低资本、低流动性和低报酬的银行中尤为突出。     

The effect of financial market development on bank risk: evidence from Southeast Asian countries

This paper examines how bank risk varies with changes in financial markets development in a broad data set of 52 publicly listed commercial banks in five Southeast Asian countries over a 23-year period between 1990 and 2012. A consequence of two financial crises (i.e. the Asian financial crisis of 1997–1998 and the global financial crisis of 2007–2009) provides a natural experiment in which linkages between financial markets development and bank risk are measured. Empirical results show that higher degrees of financial markets development are associated with weaker bank capital positions and are positively related to higher degrees of bank revenue diversification. There is also evidence for a U-shaped relationship between the degree of financial markets development and bank capital.     

广西“三农”发展的金融支持问题研究

广西农村金融体系存在诸多问题,制约着广西农业增长、农民增收、农村经济发展,需要采取如下措施:强化政府引导作用,尊重农民主体地位;引导商业性金融机构加大支农投入力度;调整农发行职能定位,拓宽其业务范围和资金来源,强化其支农作用;加快农信丰十的改革和创新步伐,使其真正成为金融支农的主力军;建立资金回流农村的长效机制,多渠道解决"三农"经济发展所需资金问题;合理引导、规范和发展民间金融.     

Non-performing loans,moral hazard and regulation of the Chinese commercial banking system

Non-performing loans (NPLs) represent a major obstacle to the development of banking sector. One of the key objectives of the banking sector reforms in China has therefore been to reduce the high level of NPLs. To do so, Chinese regulatory authorities have injected significant capital into the banking system and scrutinized NPLs since 2003. This paper examines the impact of NPLs on bank behavior in China. Using a threshold panel regression model and a dataset covering 60 city commercial banks, 16 state-owned banks and joint-stock banks, and 11 rural commercial banks during 2006–2012, we test whether lending decisions of Chinese banks exhibit moral hazard. The results support the moral hazard hypothesis, suggesting that an increase in the NPLs ratio raises riskier lending, potentially causing further deterioration of the loan quality and financial system instability. Policy implications of findings are evaluated.     

Efficiency and risk in European banking

We assess the inter-temporal relationship between bank efficiency, capital and risk in a sample of European commercial banks employing several definitions of efficiency, risk and capital and using the Granger-causality methodology in a panel data framework. Our results suggest that lower bank efficiency with respect to costs and revenues Granger-causes higher bank risk and that increases in bank capital precede cost efficiency improvements. We also find that more efficient banks eventually become better capitalized and that higher capital levels tend to have a positive effect on efficiency levels. These results are generally confirmed by a series of robustness tests. The results have potentially important implications for bank prudential supervision and underline the importance of attaining long-term efficiency gains to support financial stability objectives.     

基于Logistic回归法的商业银行财务风险预警模型研究

商业银行的稳定健康直接关系到金融体系的稳定和国家经济的发展乃至国家安全。本文在对商业银行财务风险进行深入分析的基础上,通过比较＂经营稳健的商业银行＂和＂经营出现财务风险的商业银行＂在资本充足性、信用、盈利能力、流动性和发展能力五个方面存在显著性差异的指标,采用Logistic回归法构建了一个多指标综合监控的银行财务风险测度模型,以期能够有效地识别风险,通过事前控制确保商业银行的健康稳定发展,平抑经济波动,为实现国民经济的良性循环奠定基础,最终促进我国国民经济沿着良好的态势发展。     

互联网金融对商业银行盈利影响测度研究——基于测度指标体系的构建与分析

互联网金融从萌芽到快速发展,带动了整个金融体系资源配置的变化,对传统商业银行盈利模式带来了巨大挑战。若采用德尔菲法问卷调查与模糊层次分析法为基础,并将专家对指标权重的两两测度结果进行模糊处理可获得指标的综合权重,从而构建测度指标体系。以此研究互联网金融对商业银行盈利影响就会发现,互联网金融对商业银行负债影响较大,因而对商业银行盈利产生较大影响;对资产类和中间业务的影响较小,因而对商业银行盈利所产生的影响也较小,因此,不可忽视互联网金融在这两个方面对商业银行盈利能力的影响。研究还发现,专家参与构建的测度指标体系是合理的,专家测度结果是准确的,可为商业银行在互联网金融影响下防范风险提供技术支持。     

Financial markets development,business cycles,and bank risk in South America

In this paper, we examine whether banking crises or business cycles affect the influence of financial markets development on bank risk in a sample of 37 publicly listed commercial banks in seven South American countries over a 22-year period between 1991 and 2012. Banking crises in this region offer a natural setting in which the impact of financial markets development on bank risk is examined. We find that financial markets development improves banks’ capitalization ratio and reduces their exposure to non-traditional banking activities, suggesting that financial markets development on average reduces bank risk. In addition, banking crises and business cycles appear to moderate the impact of financial markets development on bank risk. In the aftermath of banking crises, banks appear to concentrate more on their core traditional banking activities.     

Quality of information disclosure,property rights,and bank loans: A bank heterogeneity perspective

Using the context of the financial reform and the development of the non-state sector in China in the past decade, we examine the roles that the quality of information disclosure and property rights play in the allocation of different types of bank credit. We find that foreign banks and policy banks exercise “financial discrimination,” and that local commercial banks, large state-owned commercial banks, national joint-stock banks, local city commercial banks, and rural commercial banks not only exercise financial discrimination but also provide significant “financial support” to non-state-owned enterprises by providing more lending opportunities and larger loans. However, when enterprises commit information disclosure violations, the local commercial banks, national joint-stock banks, local city commercial banks, and rural commercial banks reverse their credit decisions and begin to exercise financial discrimination against non-state-owned enterprises. At the same time, large state-owned commercial banks continue to provide financial support to non-state-owned enterprises. We also find that the quality of the information disclosed by enterprises has a moderating effect rather than an intermediary effect on the relationship between property rights and bank loans. Overall, the results of this paper shine new light on the market-oriented reform of the banking industry, and provide new empirical evidence for the presence of financial discrimination in the supply of bank credit. Our findings also have practical implications for solving the financing difficulties of non-state-owned enterprises.