高科技企业克服技术创新核心刚性的对策研究

高科技企业技术创新成功后,常常会形成技术创新核心刚性,阻碍企业形成新的创新模式。提出了技术创新核心刚性的概念、分析了技术创新核心刚性的成因,针对成因提出了克服技术创新核心刚性的对策,为高科技企业突破已有的创新模式、持续创新提供借鉴。     

共享性资源刚性对集群企业竞争优势的作用机制

顺承企业核心刚性理论,以集群企业为研究对象,明晰了处于产业集群层面的共享性资源、共享性资源刚性以及集群企业竞争优势三者之间的关系,进而构建出基于共享性资源刚性的集群企业竞争优势概念模型。通过剖析共享性资源刚性对集群企业竞争优势的负向作用机制,阐明了共享性资源刚性对集群企业竞争优势削弱、风险形成的重要作用,同时指出了共享性资源对集群企业竞争优势作用途径的复杂性。     

新兴产业企业创新生态系统刚性及其超越

与创新生态系统的稳定性特征相伴而生的刚性问题,已成为阻碍新兴产业企业实施创新驱动发展战略的“拦路虎”。归纳了新兴产业企业创新生态系统刚性的组成结构,将刚性划分为认知刚性、内部刚性和外部刚性3类;探讨了创新生态系统刚性的形成机理:新兴产业发展中存在大量不确定性导致的业务发展预见性问题,使高稳定性创新生态系统得以存在,但这种稳定性也导致了刚性的产生;在理论分析的基础上提出了超越刚性的策略;指出刚性的测度以及刚性对企业创新绩效的影响将是未来研究重点。     

企业文化创新与核心竞争力的形成

企业文化刚性对企业的发展、变革极为不利,必须通过文化创新来克服这种文化刚性。通过对企业竞争优势来源的分析,从文化创新的视角,对企业核心竞争力的构成要素和形成机理进行了研究。     

论加强制度建设与企业文化建设的关系

企业文化作为企业主流价值观,为企业可持续发展提供巨大动力,制度建设是企业文化建设的重要组成部分,要加强企业文化中的制度建设,发挥刚性作用,与企业文化的柔性力量共同形成一种员工认同的价值取向和集体意志。     

企业文化刚性与适应性之间的矛盾及其化解

企业文化被看作竞争优势的一个重要来源。然而，企业文化具有的刚性特征又导致它对竞争优势的保持与创新产生了抑制作用。应以企业文化的权变观为基础，分析企业文化刚性的成因和表现，探索文化的刚性与适应性之间的矛盾，选择化解文化刚性的有效途径。     

浅谈农垦企业刚性预算的管理经验

财务刚性预算管理制度，是黑龙江省农垦总局计财处根据当地经济发展的迫切需要，在垦区首先提出的一种探索企业走出团境的财务管理模式和管理制度。财务刚性预算的实施，使企业的财务管理有了明显的改善，充分显示了它在农垦企业的可行性。但如何编制企业刚性预算，各单位做法不尽相同。笔者根据尾山农场两年预算管理的实践，总结出企业实施财务刚性预算管理应该遵循以下基本原则。     

资源观视角下的集群风险成因分析

文章借鉴企业资源观的理论分析框架,将共享性资源引入产业集群层面,论述了共享性资源二重性与集群发展的关系,提出共享性资源刚性概念,并构建起源自共享性资源刚性的产业集群风险模型,明晰了共享性资源刚性要素通过对集群企业战略性资源的负向影响,进而削弱集群企业竞争力,最终促成产业集群衰退风险的作用机制。     

企业家认知模式刚性化的防止

由于社会的、企业家自身的原因导致了企业家认知模式的刚性化,这有可能给企业的生存和发展带来极大的危害。要防止企业家认知模式刚性化,一方面应从完善企业决策制度和监督机制着手,另一方面应强调企业家加强自身学习,实现自我超越。建立学习型组织将能有效防止企业家认知模式的刚性化,并提高企业的适应能力和竞争能力。     

论品牌刚性的评估模型

本文首次提出了品牌定位理论里的创新概念--品牌刚性.通过相关分析对品牌刚性模型进行相应假设,并通过调研对假设进行了验证,得出了品牌刚性评估模型.在此基础上,提出了对企业品牌运营的建议.     

Technology News and the US Economy: Time Variation and Structural Changes

This article examines the time‐varying impact of technology news shocks on the US economy during the Post‐World War II period using a time‐varying parameter vector autoregression. The identification restrictions on the sign of the contemporaneous responses of observable variables are derived from a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model and robust to parameter uncertainty. I find that the variance of news shocks has decreased over time, contributing to the Great Moderation in real activity and inflation. The importance of news shocks is, however, modest compared to technology surprise and non‐technology shocks. Finally, I obtain evidence in favor of a substantial decline in wage rigidity, while the transmission to other variables has been stable.     

核心能力刚性与企业可持续成长

越来越多的研究表明,企业的外部社会关系对内部创新活动产生巨大的影响,但对其影响机制的研究却非常缺乏。基于战略决策理论,本文以江苏省420家高科技企业为被试对象,对企业外部关系对内部创新活动的影响机制进行实证研究。结果表明,企业外部关系(产业外关系和产业内关系)通过影响战略决策过程(信息多样性、决策质量和战略创造性)对内部创新活动产生重要影响。     

Structure, conduct, and performance: evidence from the Indonesian food and beverages industry

This article employs the Structure–Conduct–Performance (SCP) paradigm to investigate the simultaneous relationship between industrial concentration, price rigidity, technical efficiency, and price-cost margin in the Indonesian food and beverages industry. This research extends the SCP framework by including price rigidity and technical efficiency as additional key variables. The results suggest that there is a simultaneous relationship between industrial concentration, price rigidity, technical efficiency, and price-cost margin with a positive bi-directional relationship between industrial concentration and price-cost margin. These findings imply that an appropriate course of action for the regulator in this highly concentrated industry is to reduce industrial concentration in order to increase competition, reduce upward price flexibility, and increase technical efficiency in the long run.     

Price rigidity and market-clearing: a conceptual clarification

This article tests the view (derived from Hicks and Patinkin)that non-market clearance may be caused by slow adjustment (‘processrigidity’). There are models where market-rationing ispresent and derives from some form of rigidity, but this rigiditycannot be considered as process rigidity. It is similarly possibleto accommodate the idea of process rigidity within the Marshallianresearch programme. What is missing is that market-rationingmight be its corollary. The reason such a causal link is oftenbelieved to exist lies in a generic use of the concept of rigidity,used to designate alternative and incompatible phenomena: ‘exogenousend-state rigidity’ and ‘equilibrium end-state rigidity’,as well as process rigidity. It is true that these first twoforms of rigidity create market rationing. The belief that slowadjustment also generates market rationing results from theunwarranted extension to process rigidity of conclusions whichare only valid for the first two.     

THE TRANSMISSION OF MONETARY POLICY IN A MULTISECTOR ECONOMY*

This article constructs and estimates a sticky‐price, Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium model with heterogeneous production sectors. Firms in different sectors vary in their price rigidity, production technology, and the combination of material and investment inputs. In particular, firms buy inputs from all sectors using the actual Input–Output Matrix and Capital Flow Table of the U.S. economy. By relaxing the standard assumption of symmetry, this model allows idiosyncratic sectoral dynamics in response to monetary policy shocks. The model is estimated by the Generalized Method of Moments using sectoral and aggregate U.S. time series.     

Dynamic Model for Market Competition and Price Rigidity

This article presents a price floor model in which durability, unit costs and production period are factors in explaining price rigidity. This article elaborates that cost structure plays an essential role in resolving the inconclusive relationship between market concentration and price rigidity. When the industry is characterized by decreasing returns of scale, the degree of price flexibility decreases as market competition intensifies. The reverse is true when the industry exhibits increasing returns of scale. The factors that cause price rigidity also foster price adjustment asymmetry and price adjustment lag. During times of recession, the model exhibits upward price flexibility as costs increase, but downward price rigidity as costs decrease. Even under forward-looking expectations, the way in which firms adjust prices could look as though they have adaptive expectations. If price stickiness is a characteristic of market competition, then public policies determined by price level could be too drastic for firms in competitive markets.     

Trade,labour market rigidity,and aggregate productivity in OECD countries

As the economy becomes more open to trade, aggregate productivity can increase by driving out the least productive firms (the selection effect). Since the selection effect reallocates resources toward the more productive firms, this process can be hindered by rigidity in domestic labour market institutions. Based on the selection effect by Melitz (2003), this article empirically examines how rigidity in labour market institutions affects the consequence of trade on aggregate productivity. Findings from panel dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) estimators suggest that a high degree of labour market rigidity in an open economy reduces Total Factor Productivity (TFP). In particular, in the case of extremely high labour market rigidity but low foreign R&D capital stocks, openness to trade can cause a country to experience decreasing TFP.     

Factor analysis of demand growth for information technology input in Japan

The purpose of this article is to decompose demand changes for factor input and explore the factor that information technology (IT) capital stock has largely increased in Japan. The Allen partial elasticities of substitution are calculated and the variations in factor input demand are broken down into two effects—price effect and output effect, using industry-level data. From an estimation of the total cost function, the following conclusions are presented. While IT capital stock and ordinary capital stock are complementary, IT serves as a substitute for labor. The factors influencing the high growth rate in IT capital stock are the decrease in the prices of IT and ordinary capital services, and the increase in the labor price, in addition to the output effect. On the other hand, labor demand declines due to both the downward rigidity of wages and the decrease in prices of two kinds of capital services.