基于PCA-ESDA的中国省域旅游经济时空差异分析

以中国大陆31个省级区域为研究单元,选取1999—2008年反映旅游经济的相关指标,利用SPSS16.0软件对数据进行主成分分析,计算出每个省份旅游经济的综合得分,然后对综合得分进行空间自相关分析。结果表明:中国旅游经济的发展水平总体上呈现从"长三角"及"珠三角"向内陆逐渐降低的特征。1999—2008年中国旅游经济发展全局空间自相关不显著,但局部空间自相关却表现出一定的规律性:沿海省份位于HH区,西部省份位于LL区,西南、部分东部和中部省份位于LH区和HL区。中国省域旅游经济发展呈现出一种持续的非均衡态势,1999—2008年中国省域旅游经济的总体空间格局并没有发生根本性的变化。省域旅游经济集聚的空间依赖性、省域经济发展水平、区位与资源禀赋、政府政策是影响中国省域旅游经济空间差异的主要原因。     

东(南)亚地区华人资本在华外商直接投资现状及趋势分析

海外华人资本是世界经济的重要组成部分.近年来,随着经济全球化和中国对外开放的深入发展,海外华人资本,特别是东(南)亚地区华人资本纷纷涌向中国大陆进行投资,构成了中国大陆实际利用外商直接投资的主体,并对中国大陆经济发展起到了巨大的推动作用.东(南)亚华人资本在中国大陆直接投资的阶段及特征,有其独特性.     

我国知识型员工知识共享多维度量表编制与信效度检验

在早期研究的基础上,从共享内容和共享方向两个视角,开发出符合我国文化背景的知识型员工知识共享多维度测量量表。以知识型员工为研究对象,借助于来自我国内地13个省份的大样本问卷调研数据,探索了我国知识型员工知识共享维度结构,检验了量表信度和效度。探索性因子结果表明,我国知识型员工知识共享具有四维结构,即一般知识贡献、一般知识收集、关键知识贡献、关键知识收集。验证性因子分析证实了结构模型的合理性。信度和效度检验结果表明,所构建的知识型员工知识共享量表具有较好的信度和效度。     

台湾直接投资祖国大陆对海峡两岸贸易的影响

20世纪80年代末期以来,台湾对大陆的直接投资与两岸贸易均取得长足发展。本文运用协整方法和误差修正模型,考察了1989—2009年台湾对大陆直接投资与两岸进出口贸易之间的长期均衡关系以及相应的短期偏离调整机制。结果表明台湾对大陆直接投资与两岸贸易存在长期均衡关系。在短期内台湾对大陆直接投资与大陆对台湾出口的关系由短期偏离向长期均衡调整的速度较快,而台湾对大陆直接投资与大陆自台湾进口的关系由短期偏离向长期均衡调整的速度则极为缓慢。     

以美国授权专利为视角浅析中国大陆创新能力

专利数量和质量是一个国家科技创新能力的重要表征。以在华机构获得的美国授权专利为研究对象,从专利数量、技术领域、区域分布、专利质量等多个角度进行了深入研究,探讨了我国大陆地区创新能力的发展态势。我国创新能力基础虽然薄弱,但发展迅速,尤其电子、信息、控制领域技术发展迅猛;内陆地区与沿海地区创新能力差距悬殊;台控股企业创新优势明显;大陆地区获得美国授权专利的质量分布不均衡。建议:我国在创新政策的制定上,应认识到专利数量和质量不是对立的;政府在资源配置的时候,应充分考虑区域之间存在的不均衡性;在对待创新能力在技术领域分布的不均衡性问题上,应充分尊重市场规律;应从基础领域和重点领域两方面,扩大我国专利的产业布局。     

中国内地公司香港上市:实证分析与理论反思

通过对中国内地在港上市公司发展概况、公司特征等状况的实证统计分析,可以发现尽管内地上市公司已经成为香港市场的重要部分,但不同模式上市的内地公司在行业分布、盈利状况以及市场特征指标上仍存在一定差异。从现实看,尽管内地企业赴港上市符合其微观利益且在短期内无法避免,但从中国金融体系功能完善视角着眼,把优质企业留在内地,夯实内地市场的经济基础是中国金融市场发展进程中至关重要的战略选择。     

1997-2012年中国大陆“离婚原因”研究述评

改革开放以来,中国大陆不断攀升的离婚率引起了学者和社会各界的广泛关注。以中国知网(CNKI)近15年来收录的以"离婚"为关键词的学术文献为研究对象,在对这一时期中国大陆"离婚原因"研究进行回顾与评述的基础上,引入RWA模型并阐释其"复杂整体论"思想、方法论的个体主义原则及实证操作化设想。该模型的应用将有利于弥补我国当前离婚原因研究的不足,进而为"离婚"原因的探究提供新的视角与路径。RWA模型的完善也将有益于中国社会科学界对其它"社会现象"的研究。     

A new context for managing overseas direct investment by Chinese state-owned enterprises

Chinese state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and their overseas direct investment (ODI) have played an important role in China’s economic development. But the rapid expansion of SOE-dominated ODI has also raised concerns, including about state capitalism and the need for competitive neutrality. This paper considers China’s strategy for managing ODI by its SOEs given a changing context. On the one hand, the Chinese economy is rapidly growing and will soon become the largest economy in the world. China’s role in the world, as well as its global responsibility, is therefore changing. China needs to establish a win-win and harmonious relationship with the rest of the world, and ODI has a role to play in this. On the other hand, China’s growth model is shifting to become greener, more balanced, and innovation-driven. China’s changing international role and the changing growth model have created new imperatives for, and constraints on, ODI by SOEs and reforms to SOEs. This paper aims to examine ODI by Chinese SOEs from the two dimensions of China’s changing role and growth model. It discusses strategies for better managing ODI by Chinese SOEs in the new context that is emerging.     

港澳台—中国对外开放的独特优势

中国对外开放三十多年,经济发展速度之快举世瞩目。作为对外开放的典型标志,对外贸易和引进外资更是突飞猛进,成为世界贸易排名第二、发展中国家引进外资最多的经济体。中国对外开放之所以取得如此成就,港澳台地区功不可没,甚至可言,如果没有同文同种的新型工业化经济体港澳台与中国内地的密切经贸往来,中国对外开放将经历较长的探索阶段。港澳台地区是中国对外开放最早的也是迄今最主要的投资者,是中国承接国际产业转移最重要的推动者,也是中国进军国际市场的最重要中介与平台。无论是珠三角经济带还是长三角经济带,港澳台企业都是重要的支柱力量。中国最早的区域经济一体化协议,是与香港和澳门签署的,今后中国的自贸区战略,港澳台地区将成为核心。     

中国保险文化重塑的路径选择:跨文化融合创新

经济全球化的趋势和保险业对外开放的不断深化,为中国保险企业提供了跨文化的经营环境.鉴于中国企业文化具有不同于西方的特点,中外保险文化也各具优劣成份,中国保险文化的重塑,应通过中外保险文化的交汇、碰撞与冲突,走跨文化融合创新之路.中国保险文化跨文化融合创新所应遵循的原则,主要包括:平等互助,合作共赢;以国际化战略为导向,与本土文化相兼容;短期求同存异,长期相融共生;以诚信为根本,以综合竞争力提升为导向.     

中国机构知识库资源建设策略研究

实现中国机构知识库可持续发展的主要障碍是其资源建设,对中国台湾、香港和大陆三地机构知识库资源建设现状的调查分析表明,目前中国机构知识库资源建设存在的主要问题是:机构知识库发展"冷热不均",资源建设规模参差不齐,全文获取存在障碍,内容比较单一,资源建设可持续性差等。发展中国机构知识库资源建设的应对之策是:提高机构知识库的认知度;出台强制性自存储制度;建立协议性代存储制;扩大资源收集范围;制定资源存储的激励机制;建立质量控制机制,构建共建共享的机构知识库联盟。     

两岸商业银行效率的DEA比较分析

笔者选取了2006年～2009年中国大陆和台湾地区的39家银行作为决策单元,采用DEA方法对两岸银行效率的差异性及最适效率进行了实证检验。研究表明,中国大陆银行总效率高于台湾银行,台湾银行规模效率高于中国大陆,台湾银行平均总体要素生产力变动高于中国大陆,两岸银行总体要素生产力皆呈现成长的趋势。     

The Hukou and Land Tenure Systems as Two Middle Income Traps--The Case of Modern China

China＇s prevailing hukou （household registration） system and land tenure system seem to be very different in their applications. In fact, they both function to deny the exit right of rural residents from a rural community. Under these systems, rural residents are not allowed to freely exit from collectives if they do not want to lose their entitlements, such as their rights to using collectively owned land and their land-based properties. Farmers are neither allowed to sell their houses to outsiders, nor allowed to sell to outsiders their rights to contracting a piece of land from the collective where their households are registered. For migrant workers from rural areas, it is extremely difficult for them to obtain an urban hukou with all its associated entitlements at an urban locality where they currently work and live. The combined effect of the two systems leads to serious distortions in labor and land markets, resulting in discrimination against migrant workers, sprawling yet exclusive urbanization, housing bubbles, and depressed domestic demand. These distortions further entrench the existing and much widened urban/rural divide. Unless these two systems are thoroughly reformed, the rural residents in Chinese mainland will be trapped in their comparatively much lower income and remain unable to share the gains from the agglomeration effects of urbanization.     

The economics of the division of labour in early Chinese literature: With particular comparison to the ancient Greek thought

Like their Greek counterparts, a number of Chinese thinkers of the “Axial Period” wrote extensively on the division of labour. In particular, Kuan Chung, Hsün Tzu and Ssu-ma Ch’ien explicitly discussed economic issues related to the division of labour, contributing sophisticated analysis on the subject. In this article, we first examine Kuan Chung and his followers’ fairly interesting analysis of the economies of agglomeration of specialists, and Ssu-ma Ch’ien's deep insight into the Taoist invisible hand of the market in coordinating the division of labour. The common ground between them is a sound understanding of the role of market exchange in facilitating the social division of labour, but the latter goes much further in appreciation of the spontaneous market order. We then turn to Hsün Tzu's profound scholarship of specialised learning or doing and his Confucian theory of the origin of social division, highlighting, in particular, his Confucian notion of natural equality and utilitarian account of the formation of society. Similarity in profundity and influence notwithstanding, of greater interest, appears to be the remarkable differences between the Chinese scholars and the philosophers of classical Athens in respect of their study of the division of labour, and we therefore investigate how and why the Chinese treatment contrasts thus sharply with the Greek/Europeans.     

Conditional heteroscedasticity with leverage effect in stock returns: Evidence from the Chinese stock market

In recent years the Chinese stock market has experienced an astonishing growth and unprecedented development, but is also viewed as one of the most volatile markets, which has been called by many observers a “casino”. This study intends to examine the presence of heteroskedasticity and the leverage effect in the Chinese stock markets, and to capture the dynamics of conditional correlation between returns of China's stock markets and those of the U.S. in a bivariate VC-MGARCH framework. The results show that the leverage effect is significant in these markets during the sample period in 2000–2013, and the conditional correlation between mainland China's and the U.S. stock markets is quite low and highly volatile. The Chinese stock markets are found to be highly regimes persistent. These findings have important implication for investors seeking opportunity of portfolio diversification.     

Technology progress in the Chinese construction industry under the iron-fist of government

Government policies and actions in transitional economies have far-reaching consequences for technology progress. Many studies suggest the important role of governments in providing policies and finance to facilitate technology innovations. The Chinese government has often been seen to exemplify this. This article probes government actions in practice, the way it is conducted and the negative consequences for innovation. We focus on one of China's most important and successful sectors – construction. An analytical framework based on ‘complex systems industry’ is used and a causal map developed to examine the role of the Chinese government acting as client, regulator and administrator of industrial and professional bodies and their impact on innovation in the construction sector. This paper confirms that innovation is industry specific and social and economic context dependent. While recognising the powerful role of the Chinese government, it argues that in reality the ‘Chinese government’ is not a uniform entity, but rather consists of various entities acting in accordance with their varied vested interests at a specific time and under particular circumstances.     

With license to build: Chinese offshore wind firms rejecting European certificates

This paper examines the role of six European certification firms attempt to position themselves in China’s offshore wind industry. We find that European certification firms lack attention to local needs and struggle with differences in risk perceptions. Chinese companies, on their part, stress the importance of first-hand experience rather than foreign involvement in project development, making the efforts of European certification companies redundant. We conclude that the Chinese development strategy is in opposition to established European certification practices: from a Chinese perspective, the European approach looks like over-engineered project development, whilst in China, taking risks and gaining access to necessary experienced and ‘independent’ knowledge is seen as a precondition for developing the offshore wind industry.     

中国城市化进程中农民工对经济产出的贡献与收益分享

在城市化进程中,农民工群体已经成为中国城市第二、三产业劳动力的重要组成部分。文章充分考虑了农民工与城镇职工在劳动生产率和劳动强度上的差异,运用柯布-道格拉斯生产函数分析1991～2010年农民工群体对中国非农经济产出的贡献率及其收入水平,得出的基本结论是:农民工对我国非农经济产出的贡献率平均为16.37%,其对中国国民经济增长做出了重要贡献,相应地,农民工群体的收入水平相对于其对非农经济产出的贡献比城镇职工偏低。城镇职工对非农经济产出的贡献是农民工的1.63倍,然而城镇职工收入平均是农民工收入的3.43倍。文章的研究结论为中国"十二五"期间新一轮扩大内需政策提供了新的思路。     

司马迁的因俗以治思想及其现实镜鉴?

作为一种非正式制度,习俗在国家的社会经济发展和治理中起着非常重要的作用,在我国的古代社会尤其如此。司马迁较早注意到了俗与治的内在关联,但学术界忽视了其在司马迁经济思想中的重要地位。文章对司马迁的经济思想谱系中“俗”与“治”两大重要范畴进行了关联阐述,介绍了司马迁“因俗以治”治道思想的源流和主张,并结合现代经济学理论对其进行延伸与扩展,探讨其现实意义。研究发现：(1)司马迁的治道思想兼容了道家与儒家的无为而治思想的不同侧面,而其“善因论”的要义正在于“俗之所欲,因而予之”。(2)因俗以治的核心是因循人“生有欲”和“皆为利”的本性及民间习俗来因地制宜、因时制宜地立俗施事,以达至“事少而功多”的理想治理效果。(3)由于司马迁的经济思想带有浓厚的经验色彩和朴素性质,而且中国古代社会缺乏良好的市场环境,因此其在近代以前始终未得到重视和采纳。(4)司马迁“因俗以治”思想给现代国家治理带来了众多启示：一是要尊重风俗习惯并加以因势利导;二是要注重习俗等非正式制度与正式制度的兼容;三是要让好的习俗成为一种稳态均衡而固定下来并延续下去。文章不仅是对司马迁经济思想研究的丰富和拓展,而且对中国国家治理能力的提升也提供了有益的历史借鉴。     

China’s Contingencies: Critical Geopolitics,Chinese Exceptionalism and the Uses of History

This paper examines the intimate relationship between narratives emanating from China and their uses of Chinese history, and how such perspectives inform China’s geopolitical positioning and practices in lieu of its purported ‘rise’. Taking inspiration from the deconstructive impetus of critical geopolitics, this article contends that these historical claims to China’s rise constitute deterministic accounts, hinging on the notion of Chinese exceptionalism to provide discursive backing for a Sinocentric geopolitical order in the coming decades. This in turn downplays ‘alternative’ historiographies that can shed light on how the nature of China’s emergence may be more dependent on and shaped by the external environment than previously acknowledged. Building on the historical-geographical expositions related to the idea of contingency, this article demonstrates how China (whether it be in the past or present) cannot be seen as operating in a vacuum but has to constantly negotiate and adjust its strategy of engagements/interactions based on the specific demands imposed by world politics. Specifically, by elucidating these dimensions through cross-strait relations between China and Taiwan, it is argued that understanding China’s contingencies can raise important questions for us to critically appreciate the contextual actors, processes and relationships that differentially impact on China’s engagements in the world.