混合加网技术研究

本文在分析调幅加网、传统调频加网以及点扩散调频加网的基本原理和技术特点的基础上,根据混合加网原理,对混合加网技术进行了应用研究。结果表明：与单一的调幅加网或调频加网相比,采用不同分色版应用不同加网技术的混合加网方式,可有效提高图像阶调再现质量,且操作简便,容易实现。     

塑料薄膜柔性版印刷最佳混合加网技术研究

因传统调幅（AM）网点及调频（FM）网点在阶调表现上存在不足而产生了混合加网技术,即亮调区域和暗调区域使用FM网点、中间调使用AM网点。本研究为在柔性版印刷中获取最佳的混合网点组合配对,采用实验研究法,依据柯达Creo的Maxtone混合加网技术设计了11组不同的混合网点（FM-AM-FM）组合,利用柔性版印刷、混合加网技术及计算机直接制版技术在塑料薄膜上印刷导表,并进行测试。然后测量采用11组混合网点的印刷品之间质量特性的差异,经由统计分析得到FM-AM-FM阶调百分比优化组合为10%-75%-15%（0～10%为FM网点、10%～85%为AM网点、85%～100%为FM网点）。本研究结果将为柔性版印刷提供一个参考依据,既提升印刷质量又节省成本,并达到最高的顾客满意程度。     

光栅印刷加网的打印优化研究

数字加网是指将连续调图像转换成由像素排列的图像的过程,使观察者产生一种连续调图像的错觉。光栅印刷加网是将组成柱面状的复用多张图像形成单一图像,然后打印到一个柱面透镜阵列的平面侧,这样从某一特定角度只能看到组合图像的一部分。为了减少光栅印刷中因相邻像素间缺乏关联和打印机失真而造成的误差,光栅印刷加网作为新一代的加网算法对数字加网提出挑战。在本论文中,讨论了打印机的失真问题,通过更好地控制打印机,达到光栅印刷中减少加网错误的目的。同时,考虑到打印像素对周围像素所产生的灰阶影响,通过各种方法调整打印机分辨率以解决网点重叠,从而减少打印图像模糊。     

基于正六边形网点的平移旋转加网机制研究

针对柔性版印刷加网角度的特殊性,结合正六边形网点的优点,提出了基于正六边形网点的平移旋转加网机制,并设计了加网阈值矩阵以及平移旋转机制,然后采用Matlab编程方法实现对标准灰度图的加网,从而验证了该加网机制的可行性。最后通过理论分析与实验计算,证明该加网机制中的旋转机制比较成功,而平移机制容易产生龟纹。     

柔性版印刷中的混合加网技术

本课题通过研究柔版印刷中不同混合加网技术对印品质量的影响,获得了针对CTP制版柔版印刷的最优混合加网技术。实验采用了柔性版印刷中11种不同比例组合的混合加网技术（FMAM—FM）,在PVC基片上印制特别设计的色表。通过对色表的测试以及网点静态分析,以获得最优混合加网的组合。希望本实验得到的最优混合加网组合的数据能为柔性版印刷商更好地了解不同加网技术的特点提供帮助,通过选择加网技术提高印刷质量,获得更高的客户满意度。     

调幅网加网因子研究

调幅式数字加网,由于各分色版的网点具有不同的网线角度,在确定原稿图像扫描输入分辨率时通常要乘以1．5～2．0的加网因子,这在业界已成定式。本文依据调幅网加网过程的原理分析和实验结果,查明加网因子源自RIP加网时原灰度图像的4个像素对应于加网图像的1个网格,与网线角度无关。采用加网因子可保留原图像较多的空间细节,提高加网图像的清晰度,并明确指出调幅网的加网因子应等于2。     

胶印印刷质量的新高点——同心圆网点

同心圆加网技术已经在欧洲及北美获得相当的认可和推崇,包括Canon、Apple世界知名品牌等都要求他们的印刷品及包装使用同心圆网点来印刷,从而实现更高的印刷质量,提高阅读美感和外包装关度。     

混合加网为印刷企业带来高质量

据加拿大RIPit公司称,该公司的PerfectBlend混合加网技术可为印刷企业提供吸收调幅和调频最大优势的混合加网技术—传统的调幅加网作用于大部分色调区域,而调频加网作用于高调及暗调区域。据用户报道,采用这种混合加网技术,加网线数可比调幅加网提高80%,且不会产生印刷故障。让我们看看一家成功用户的反馈。Creative Media是纽约一家小型商业印刷厂,9名员工同时也从事视频产品的生产、网络开发和图像设计。几年前,该公司购买了一台RIPit照排机用于输出胶片。据公司负责人Grado回忆,此前他们有一部Itek430制版机,用于生产Silvermaster…     

一种基于遗传算法的最小生成树算法在配电网络规划中的应用

基于配电网络结构特点和智能算法的固有优点,提出一种基于改进遗传算法的最小生成树算法应用于配电网规划,同步优化编码方式可同时规划馈线截面段。目标函数中考虑将联络开关费用参与整体优化过程,使得含联络开关选择的配网规划结果具有全局最优性。并使用改进罚因子改善遗传算法的局部寻优特性。通过采用改进随机生成树产生初始方案和改进的交叉变异算子控制遗传优化过程,使遗传算子在整体寻优过程中每代方案均符合辐射结构。与传统算法相比提高了方案的生成效率和质量,遗传过程不依赖初始值。实例分析证明了方法的可行性和实用性。     

杭州影天 赢在创亲

当众多印刷企业满足于享用成熟工艺带来的方便、快捷的同时，杭州影天快速印务有限公司（以下简称杭州影天）却总是在问“还有没有新工艺了？”，带着这股子创新精神，杭州影天自1996年成立以来，不断有惊人之举：国内第二家引进数码打样系统，国内第一家成功利用CTP方形调频加网方式印制，国内率先使用CTP实现10微米高保真及网络印刷……超前的意识、开先河的胆识，不仅使杭州影天成长为年产值近亿元的规模企业，更让其成为了长三角地区乃至整个印刷界技术创新的典范。     

棒材生产线冷床下卸钢系统的应用

针对棒材生产线上冷床下卸钢系统机械效率低、运行周期长,不能适应快节奏生产的现状,采用以工业以太网为主、DP网为辅的网络通讯,应用西门子FM350-2高速计数器,通过有效的数学计算模型,结合变频器和液压传动控制技术,实现网络自动化控制。     

Probabilistically constrained models for efficiency and dominance in DEA

This paper proposes a stochastic model for data envelopment analysis (DEA), based on the theory of joint probabilistic constraints, which can be used with general multivariate distribution functions. The key assumption is that the random variables representative of the uncertain data follow a discrete distribution or that a discrete approximation of continuous distribution is available. Under this assumption, mixed integer linear models are formulated to tackle, rather originally, dependencies among DMUs inputs, outputs and inputs–outputs through the theory of joint probabilistic constraints. The features of the model are illustrated through an application for the performance evaluation of screening units.     

基于Stacking模型融合的店铺销量预测

为了实现企业产品销量预估,提高生产供应的准确性与效率,提出了基于Stacking模型的融合算法进行销量预测。算法设计了两层堆叠的模型结构,初级学习器采用随机森林、支持向量回归、差分整合移动平均自回归、轻量级梯度提升机器和门控循环单元5种单模型,将分类与回归树作为次级学习器构成Stacking融合模型,并对数据进行了预测。预测结果显示,使用Stacking模型融合后得到了较好的预测结果,比单模型中效果最好的模型的均方根误差更小,平均绝对误差更小,决定系数值更大,表明Stacking融合模型的预测准确率更高。所设计模型可用于对企业店铺的产品销量进行预测,帮助企业更好地安排生产、营销活动,为减少库存、缩短生产销售周期提供数据支持,对企业生产决策有一定的参考价值。     

COVID-19, economic crises and digitalisation: How algorithmic management became an alternative to automation

The COVID-19 crisis witnessed a major rise in investment in software for the digital organisation and rationalisation of work, while investment in robotics is continuously lagging behind expectations. This article argues that we can understand this development as the continuation of the rise of algorithmic management as a technological fix for profitability crises. Thus, in the face of falling wage rates and a structural overaccumulation of capital since the 1970s, algorithmic management has become an alternative to automation. The article reconstructs the history of algorithmic management in connection to economic crises. This allows for periodisation of the rise of algorithmic management from 'computer-integrated manufacturing' to remote work in four waves. In times of crisis, algorithmic management functions as a substitute for investment in 'tangible capital' such as robots. Structural economic forces thus interact with labour conflicts at the company level, shaping the rise of algorithmic management.     

When Visual Product Features Speak the Same Language: Effects of Shape‐Typeface Congruence on Brand Perception and Price Expectations*

Recent studies in marketing research and consumer psychology indicate that congruence, as opposed to incongruence, of symbolic meanings connoted across or within marketing mix elements positively affects consumer response. However, controlled studies addressing congruence effects among visual product features such as shape and typeface are nonexistent. Since consumer products comprise multiple visual elements that connote symbolic meanings, and considering that a product's visual appearance is an important determinant of consumer choice, such studies are called for. Based on processing fluency accounts, the authors argue that shape‐typeface congruence facilitates stimulus processing, thereby positively affecting perceptions of brand credibility, brand aesthetics, and brand value; the latter reflected in higher price expectations. Two studies were conducted to test these predictions. In study 1 , two shape variants and two typeface variants of a fictitious brand of bottled water connoted either luxury or casualness. Cross‐pairing the two shapes with the two typefaces resulted in four product variants, either congruent or incongruent in terms of the symbolic meanings connoted. Participants were randomly presented with one of the product variants, after which they filled out a questionnaire comprising the dependent measures. Largely in line with expectations, results revealed overall positive effects of meaning congruence on perceptions of brand credibility and price expectations. In addition to replicating the findings from study 1 using another set of stimuli, study 2 tested the prediction that meaning congruence positively affects perceptions of brand aesthetics. As in study 1 , four product variants were created by cross pairing two product shapes and two typefaces, this time connoting either masculinity or femininity. In line with the findings from study 1 , results revealed overall positive congruence effects. In addition, subsequent analyses showed that perceived brand aesthetics partially mediates congruence effects on price expectations, indicating that consumers expect to pay more for congruent variants because they are considered more attractive. The findings presented testify to the importance of careful consideration of visual product features and the symbolic meanings they connote, and stress the importance of perceived brand aesthetics. In discussing these findings, it is proposed that congruence effects and the mediating processes involved may vary across product categories and depend on consumer personality. In addition, the findings presented are discussed in relation to research indicating that moderate degrees of incongruence may be useful for attracting consumer attention and stimulating information processing. Managerial implications and avenues for future research are discussed.     

基于图像处理的印版网点面积率检测

检测与控制印版网点面积率是印刷质量控制的重要环节,本研究提出了一种检测印版网点面积率的新方法,利用常规的显微摄影仪器拍摄印版上的网点区域获得数字图像,采用阀值分割的方法对数字图像进行二值化处理,利用膨胀和腐蚀的方法消除图像中的噪点,再去除图像边缘不完整的网点,然后计算印版的网点面积率。经过实验验证,该方法可以获得比较精确的网点面积率检测结果,能够满足印刷生产中的印版网点面积率检测的需要。     

基于UG的闸阀CAE

利用UG软件强大的CAD/CAE功能进行闸阀的建模、装配、关键部分的运动仿真及阀体的有限元分析,对阀体尺寸和结构进行优化。建模所得的实体模型直接用于运动仿真分析和有限元分析,缩短了设计所需的时间,减少了软件间的数据交换。闸阀从建模、装配到运动仿真,再到优化设计,将在同一个软件中进行,可以减少物理样机的制造、试验等过程,提高工作效率,缩短产品的设计周期。