工业化、城市化与我国农村居民收入增长：基于协整理论的实证研究

文章建立在协整理论的基础上,运用误差修正模型和Granger因果检验等方法,研究工业化发展和城市化发展对农村居民收入增长的影响及其动态相关性。研究结论表明,无论在短期还是长期,工业化发展和城市化发展都是影响农民收入增长的重要因素,相比而言,工业化发展对农民收入增长的影响更显著更持久。因此,加速我国工业化进程是实现农村居民收入增长的重要推动力,城镇建设工作要和工业化推进有机结合,总体来说,实现工业化发展在现阶段对我国更为重要。     

The Textile and Clothing Industries Under the Fifth Kondratieff Wave: Some Insights from the Case of Hong Kong

This paper proposes that the world's textile and clothing industries have become increasing vertically disintegrated with a few flexible production regions (the “cream” portion) engaging in creative, innovative, dynamic and high value-added activities, and an expanding number and spatial extent of regions (the “cake” portion) taking part in low value-added activities. In-between is an “artificial” layer protected by the international regulatory framework. This layer has characteristics of both the “cream” and “cake” layers. On the one hand, the labor force in this layer suffers from low job mobility and low-paid blue-collar work of the “cake portion” and is dominated by female semi-skilled workers. On the other hand, industrialists and governments in this layer enjoy the profits and high export values of the “cream” portion. Under the Fifth Kondratieff wave, the textile and clothing industries have become increasingly coordinated and controlled by a thinner “cream” layer. Over time, regions in the “cake” portion will find it increasingly difficult to transform themselves into “cream” because of deep-seated structural and geographic differences.     

Managerial failure in late Victorian Britain?: Land use and English agriculture

This article focuses upon the neglected role of agriculture in Britain's relative economic decline. Landlords and farmers stand accused of responding inadequately to the flood of American cereal imports. Land‐use changes are analysed by soil type and access to urban markets, revealing a range of opportunities and restraints, and an appropriate variety of responses. Other aspects of agriculturalists' responses to depression remain to be examined, but this exercise finds no evidence of significant managerial shortcomings. Rather, the interim verdict is similar to that on the performance of those British industrialists whose once‐savaged reputations have been partly redeemed by the researches of McCloskey, Sandberg, et al.     

Is it still helpful to talk about proto‐industrialization? Some suggestions from a Catalan case study

The concept of proto‐industrialization is considered by many historians to have outlived its usefulness. This article seeks to argue the contrary, using a case study from Catalonia, in southern Europe, which provides a rare example of early industrialization on the periphery of Europe. Using an in‐depth study of an important proto‐industrial community, Igualada, the article puts forward two key arguments. First, it shows how the proto‐industrialization of the woollen industry and later the cotton industry shaped the transition to the factory. There were important continuities throughout in terms of human capital and organization of production; in particular, the persistence of the family as unit of production. Second, the impact of proto‐industrialization on the family economy is shown to have had important consequences for demographic behaviour. As in other areas of Europe, there was a notable impact on age at marriage and on marital fertility. Equally important, however, was the impact on mortality and migration, aspects that have been neglected by historians. In particular, the high infant and child mortality rates for Igualada suggest that historians need to rethink the effect of proto‐industrialization upon life chances.     

论全球温室气体减排责任的公正分担——基于罗尔斯正义论的视角

对公正减排进行界定并达成共识对于推动全球温室气体减排谈判来说至关重要。作者认为,罗尔斯的正义论可以应用到国际领域中来,其正义原则的理论进路也使得在气候变化领域建立一种超越国家利益的伦理共识成为可能。根据罗尔斯的正义论,可以推导出如下减排原则:一是人均平等排放原则,即无论所属国国籍、种族、肤色以及经济水平,每个人均拥有通过一定碳排放来提高生活水平的平等权利和通过限制碳排放来保护全球环境的平等义务;二是差别原则,即在保证人类社会持续应对气候变化的能力这一条件下,允许不平等的减排安排,只要它有利于最少受惠者的最大利益。这两个原则分别界定了减排的标准与实现方式,旨在使高排放国家与低排放国家在历史累计排放和当前排放方面最终趋于人均一致。落实这一理念的适当减排方案应基于工业化进程的动态二个趋同法。     

对安徽省住宅产业化发展的思考

阐述了安徽省住宅产业化发展取得的主要成就,剖析了安徽省住宅产业化发展存在的主要问题,并根据问题产生的原因,针对性地提出了解决问题的对策建议,以期能对促进安徽省住宅产业化进一步发展有所裨益。     

新疆南疆三地州冷链建设对林果产业发展的支撑作用

本论文通过对南疆三地州林果种植与发展现状综合分析的基础上,就目前制约其林果产业化发展的关键问题进行了深入的探讨,提出了加强冷链建设是南疆三地州林果产业化发展的必由之路的观点和具体途径。     

河南省实施新型工业化的路径分析

河南作为我国人口大省、农业大省,在全国有着重要的影响力,实现新型工业化的进程,直接影响到我国新型工业化的进程。本文从河南整体工业化水平和新型工业化的优劣势两方面分析了河南新型工业化面临的环境。笔者认为推进河南新型工业化建设必须依靠技术进步,为新型工业化发展提供技术支撑;实施可持续发展战略;结合省情,充分发挥省内各城市的优势,积极引进适合本市发展的产业,整体规划新型工业化未来发展道路。     

基于农产品供应链的农业产业化经营研究

农业产业化经营是实现农民增收的有效途径.本文从我国农产品传统“推式“供应链,分析了农业产业化经营中存在的主要问题,并提出了农业产业化“双向驱动“供应链,即:围绕农业核心企业,通过利益机制来组织供应链上下游和调配资源,以保证农户增收和消费者满意的增值链.最后,对供应链的构建和运行保障提出了一些设想.     

Challenging the de‐industrialization thesis: gender and indigenous textile production in Java under Dutch colonial rule,c. 1830–1920

Many dependency theorists as well as economic historians have contended that nineteenth‐century imperial policies and economic globalization de‐industrialized the global ‘periphery’. European metropoles extracted raw materials and tropical commodities from their overseas territories, and in turn indigenous consumers bought their industrial products, textiles in particular. This article investigates three of the assumptions of Ricardian trade theory that are often behind the de‐industrialization narrative. In this article it is argued that, at least for colonial Java's textile industry, these assumptions should be reconsidered. Adverse trade policies imposed by the Dutch and a prolonged terms‐of‐trade boom in favour of primary commodities make colonial Java a unique case for exploring the merits of the de‐industrialization thesis. Here it is demonstrated that Javanese households resourcefully responded to changing market circumstances, in the first place by flexible allocation of female labour. Moreover, indigenous textile producers specialized in certain niches that catered for local demand. Because of these factors, local textile production in Java appears to have been much more resilient than most of the historical literature suggests. These findings not only shed new light on the social and economic history of colonial Indonesia, but also contribute to the recent literature on alternative, labour‐intensive paths of industrialization in the non‐western world.     

我国新型工业化道路探索

本文通过对两种有代表性的新型工业化模式的案例进行分析,研究我国新型工业化道路可选择的途径,对我国的新型工业化发展提出建议。推进企业信息化、发展循环经济是两种比较合适的发展模式。     

Patterns of China's industrialization: Concentration,specialization, and clustering

This paper presents a few stylized facts on the patterns of China's industrialization by computing a set of multi-dimensional measures on industrial concentration, regional specialization, and clustering based on census data at the firm level in 1995 and 2004. Our results show that China's rapid industrialization is characterized by the following patterns: industries have become more spatially concentrated; regions have become increasingly specialized; and firms have become more interconnected, both within industries and within regions. In addition, the number of firms is growing faster in clustered areas than non-clustered ones. Together these patterns suggest that China's industrialization process is largely cluster-based—a phenomenon in which a large number of highly interconnected firms are located within a well-defined geographic region.     

新疆和兵团当前经济发展阶段分析

本文根据国际国内最新数据,运用国际通行方法,对中国、新疆和兵团所处发展阶段做了分析。按照世界银行收入分类法,中国、新疆和兵团2009年均处于下中等收入经济体水平,并分别将在2010年、2013年、2011年进入上中等收入经济体行列。按照人类发展指数,中国、新疆和兵团均位于世界中等发展水平前列。按照钱纳里等人工业化进程理论,从人均国民总收入水平看,中国、新疆和兵团均进入工业化中期阶段;从产业结构看,中国已经进入工业化高级阶段,新疆进入工业化中级阶段后期,而兵团尚处于初级产品生产阶段;从就业结构看,中国刚刚步入工业化中期阶段,新疆刚刚步入工业化初期阶段,兵团1990年以后就进入了工业化初期阶段。     

老工业基地振兴的域外经验及其对中国的启示

老工业基地的兴衰是西方发达国家工业化进程中的重要产业演变规律和社会经济现象。德、英、法、美等国采取了多种措施来改造本国的老工业基地,并实现了区域经济的重新振兴。这些做法对中国的老工业基地振兴具有重要的借鉴意义。     

Course on new industrialization: A global trend of economic development

The reasons for the increased interest in industrial development in different countries of the world have been analyzed in the article, the reflection of which was the course of new industrialization. General approaches to developing a government industrial policy implementing this course have been considered.     

江汉平原农业产业化经营的几种典型模式及其效应的比较分析

本文首先从构成农业产业化组织载体的内、外部关系的不同,把江汉平原农业产业化经营划分为企业与农户连接型、市场与农户连接型和合作社与农户连接型三种典型模式。接着对这三种模式各自的运作方式和对农民增收的影响,以及现存的问题进行了具体的阐述。     

土地整理产业化进程中存在的问题及其解决措施

产业化是我国土地整理的发展趋势,但由于其还处于萌芽状态,不可避免会遇到很多问题,如与土地整理产业化相关的法律、法规不完善,与其发展相配套的市场机制不健全等.本文通过分析我国土地整理产业化中出现的问题,提出了促进土地整理产业化健康、稳定发展的若干建议.     

日本公司董事会改革现状研究

日本模式的公司治理机制一直是企业界和经济学界所关心的内容。泡沫经济崩溃以后，日本经济陷入长期萧条，出于内部和外部的压力，日本企业不得不对其治理机制进行改革，董事会改革是其重要组成部分。日本企业董事会改革的措施主要包括董事会规模的缩减、外部董事的启用等。然而日本企业推动的董事会改革具有不彻底性．     

政府研发投入对企业R&D投入影响的实证研究——以工业化水平为调节变量

基于2011-2017年30个省、市、自治区的面板数据,用线性回归分析法实证分析了政府对企业的研发投入对企业R&D投入的影响。并量化了工业化水平这一变量,论证了工业化水平在这一过程中的作用。研究表明,政府对企业的研发投入能促进企业自身的R&D投入,工业化水平对政府的企业研发投入和企业R&D投入之间的作用关系具有正向的调节作用。     

西部地区文化资源产业化开发机理研究——以西安市为例

文化产业发展的核心是文化资源的产业化开发。西部地区具有丰富的文化资源,文化产业发展却相对落后,关键在于没有将文化资源优势很好地转化为文化产业优势。文章以西安文化资源产业化开发的实践为例,提出西部地区文化资源的产业化开发机理框架,分析其主线、重要载体、文化资源转化为文化产品的具体路径和文化产品促进文化产业发展的重要辅助。在此基础上,文章提出了西部地区文化资源产业化开发的对策建议:加大文化资源保护力度;加快发展文化产业园区;加强高新技术、创意对文化资源的转化;提炼文化特色,塑造品牌效应;提高市场化经营水平。