国外房地产信托投资基金管理框架及其借鉴

本文总结了一些主要发达国家和地区在房地产投资信托(REITs)发展中为保护投资者利益所采取的一系列措施,包括相关法律法规、经营活动限制等.针对我国发展REITs面临的一些困难,本文提出了具体的政策建议.     

美国REITs市场的发展及启示

本文介绍了美国REITs的起源、发展及市场表现,并对我国的房地产信托市场与美国REITs市场进行了比较分析,期望得出一些有益启示。     

房地产投资信托基金发展前景探析

作为发达国家重要的房地产业直接融资方式的房地产投资信托基金(REITs),近年来受到了我国理论界和实务界的关注。本文介绍了美国和日本REITs的运作模式,通过分析我国REITs发展的障碍所在,提出发展我国REITs的若干对策建议。     

对我国发展REITs的思考

本文从REITs的概念和特征以及与房地产信托计划的辨析入手,阐述了我国发展REITs的必要性和可行性,并提出了推进我国发展REITs目前应解决的重点问题。     

对我国发展REITs的思考

本文从REITs的概念和特征以及与房地产信托计划的辨析入手,阐述了我国发展REITs的必要性和可行性,并提出了推进我国发展REITs目前应解决的重点问题。     

我国公募REITs实践情况总结与思考

我国不动产投资信托基金(REITs)试点政策具有鲜明的中国特色,相关制度既借鉴了海外REITs经验,又基于我国国情市情进行了本土化创新。在REITs试点扩大推进的过程中,已经积累了一定的实践经验,宜及时加以总结提炼,进一步优化相关制度安排,以促进REITs市场发展壮大。本文立足业务实践经验,对REITs试点实践的相关情况进行梳理分析,并就相关制度安排的进一步优化完善进行了思考,包括:探索提升REITs市场准入规则体系的包容性,推动市场扩容发展;进一步研究优化REITs发行审核工作流程,提高项目推进效率;逐步完善REITs产品及治理结构,加强投资者保护;推动出台便利REITs项目转让、税收豁免等配套制度;探索研究优化扩募并购制度,进一步促进REITs市场化发展。     

商业地产的REITs模式探索

REITs最早产生于美国,它的出现加速了美国的房地产行业的整体升级。目前,对于REITs引进和推行的必要性和紧迫性在国内早已形成了广泛的共识。本文在介绍国外REITs及其运行模式的基础上,梳理了中国监管部门和金融机构对于引入REITs所进行的各种实践和努力,分析了现阶段中国推行REITs所面临的主要障碍,最后提出了信托公司积极布局"准REITs"业务的重要意义和可行模式,以期对信托公司的业务转型与发展起到一定的参考意义。     

融资平台公司发行不动产投资信托基金的税收政策分析

在防范化解地方政府隐性债务风险背景下,不动产投资信托基金（REITs）为融资平台公司转型发展提供了新思路。REITs特有的税收激励机制决定了其充分发挥作用的前提是建立完善的配套税收政策。本文从融资平台公司发行REITs的运作流程入手,分析现行税收政策。为使税收政策更好地支持和引导融资平台公司参与REITs市场,本文建议降低REITs税收负担,重视税收政策对REITs结构安排的影响,实现主动经营的税收引导,以激发融资平台公司参与REITs市场的积极性,转变融资平台公司运营模式,化解地方政府隐性债务困境。     

投资信托用于我国房地产融资的研究

本文以房地产投资信托(REITs)的应用过程为线索,对房地产投资信托基金的概念、特征及其我国发展房地产投资信托(REITs)产品的模式进行了探析,最后对我国房地产项目投资信托(REITs)提出了相关建议。     

基础设施REITs发展的国际经验及借鉴

REITs包括基础设施REITs都是在经济亟需刺激政策的背景下,各国政府为了实现经济政策目标而推出的,部分市场甚至由政府直接推动首批REITs上市。从国际市场发展现状看,主要的基础设施REITs市场都实现了良性循环,资本市场为基础设施融资和发展提供了强有力支持。从国际经验看,REITs立法的逻辑起点可以分为两大类,一类是将REITs定位成传递工具,一类是将REITs定位成集合投资工具,对应的免税政策也分别有两种不同逻辑。为促进基础设施REITs有序发展,兼顾投融资双方利益,本文提出了相应的法规政策原则和具体建议,包括如何处理好R E I T s法规与其他法规的关系,金融监管部门和其他政府部门的关系,发行人和投资者的关系,如何充分利用现有的金融市场法规和金融市场结构,以及会计准则调整和投资者保护等。本文还分析了资本弱化结构,建议在公募REITs中予以细化规定。     

公募REITs支持新型城镇化:机理、问题与对策

基础设施公募RE I Ts是改善城镇化投融资机制、盘活基础设施存量资金、防范化解城镇化债务风险的重要创新。但是,现行制度安排对REITs的税收中性、法律框架、市场流动性等中长期发展因素的考虑存在不足,这可能带来摊薄REITs产品投资收益、加大治理与监管成本、制约市场可持续发展等问题,亦对城镇化区域均衡发展产生不确定影响。建议在结合国外经验和中国国情的基础上,加快推动REITs税收优惠政策落地,研究制定“REITs管理条例”等法律体系,完善二级市场建设和流动性培育,优化基础设施公募REITs支持新型城镇化的空间布局。     

REIT Characteristics and the Sensitivity of REIT Returns

Previous research on the returns to real estate investment trusts (REITs) has considered whether REITs are systematically exposed to general stock-market risk and interest-rate risk. This study examines how the sensitivity of REIT returns to these factors may be influenced by various REIT characteristics. Using a sample of publicly traded REITs, we estimate the sensitivity of REIT returns to stock market and interest-rate changes. We then propose and implement a model for testing whether differences in asset structure, financial leverage, management strategy, and degree of specialization in the REIT portfolios are related to their sensitivity to interest rate and market risk. Our results permit us to offer some inferences about how REITs can alter their risk exposure by managing these characteristics.     

Does Focus Really Matter? Specialized vs. Diversified REITs

REITs that limit their holdings to a single property type typically defend their lack of diversification by claiming the management possesses special investment expertise in that particular property type. This paper investigates whether property type specialized REITs outperform diversified REITs thus providing evidence of superior management expertise associated with specialized REITs. We compare the performance of specialized versus diversified REIT portfolios during 1997–2006 by examining abnormal returns using CAPM and the Fama-French three factor model with momentum. We find no evidence of superior performance associated with REITs specializing in a single property type. On the contrary, diversified REITs somewhat outperform specialized REITs, but not by a statistically significant margin. Also, consistent with theory, we find that specialized REITs have higher market risk than diversified REITs.     

The Relationship Between REITs Returns and Inflation: A Vector Error Correction Approach

Previous studies show that REITs returns and inflation arenegatively related. This paper reexamines this perverse inflation hedgephenomenon by investigating the relationship among REITs returns, realactivities, monetary policy and inflation through a Vector ErrorCorrection Model. Empirical results show that inflation does notGranger-cause REITs returns and that REITs returns signal changes in monetary policy. The observed negative relationship between REITs returnsand inflation is merely a proxy for the more fundamental relationshipbetween REITs returns and other macroeconomic variables.     

Are REITs inflation hedges?

This study investigates the relationship between returns on Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) and anticipated inflation. It was motivated by the contradictory findings in the literature concerning the inflation-hedging characteristics of financial and real assets. We employ the methodology developed by Fama and Schwert, which represents a generalization of the Fisher equation. Two different measures of anticipated inflation were used to estimate the regression equations. The results show that REITs generally tend to behave like equities with respect to their hedging characteristics, regardless of how inflation expectations are measured. When we used a survey measure of anticipated inflation, however, we found some evidence that REITs are partial hedges against anticipated inflation.     

Seasonality and size effects: The case of real-estate-related investment

This article documents that the well-known size-related seasonality effects exist in real-estate-related investments. The average return on REITs in January is higher than that in any other month during the year, and the abnormally high return in January tends to disappear for large REITs, both equity and mortgage REITs. The January effect for mortgage REITs appears to be larger than that for equity REITs. Some more puzzles emerge in this article concerning seasonality, including a reverse small firm effect in certain other months.     

Fundamental Drivers of Dependence in REIT Returns

We analyse the empirical relationships between firm fundamentals and the dependence structure between individual REIT and stock market returns. In contrast to previous studies, we distinguish between the average systematic risk of REITs and their asymmetric risk in the sense of a disproportionate likelihood of joint negative return clusters between REITs and the stock market. We find that REITs with low systematic risk are typically small, with low short-term momentum, low turnover, high growth opportunities and strong long-term momentum. Holding systematic risk constant, the main driving forces of asymmetric risk are leverage and, to some extent, short-term momentum. Specifically, we find that leverage has an asymmetric effect on REIT return dependence that outweighs the extent to which it increases the average sensitivity of REIT equity to market fluctuations, explaining the strong negative impact of leverage on firm performance especially during crisis periods that has been documented in recent empirical work.     

REIT Short Sales and Return Predictability

We examine REIT short sale transactions and show REITs are shorted less frequently than non-REITs. Results also show short sellers are less able to predict negative future returns for REITs, relative to non-REITs, which is consistent with increased pricing efficiency for REITs and suggests REIT assets are more transparent. In a broader context, these results suggest differences in transparency across asset types influence the effectiveness of short selling. Results showing REIT short sellers are contrarian imply traders target REITs that are performing well instead of underperforming REITs, suggesting restrictions on REIT short sales should be re-evaluated.     

Dividends, Values and Agency Costs in REITs

This study examines the market value of REIT dividends conditional on transparency of operating structure and effectiveness of boards. Results suggest that total, mandatory and discretionary dividends are valued by the market. Consistent with agency cost theory, results provide some evidence that discretionary dividends paid by REITs with greater principal-agent conflicts have greater market value. Specific results suggest an increased value of excess dividends paid by firms with more complex organizational structures (UPREITs) and, to some degree, less independent boards. This evidence implies the equity market recognizes REITs’ substitution of discretionary dividends for stronger governance.