贫困地区小额贷款公司可持续发展路径分析

2008年5月,银监会印发了《关于小额贷款公司试点的指导意见》,全国小额贷款公司如雨后春笋般地发展起来。小额贷款公司试点运行,增加了对"三农"经济和中小企业金融需求的有效供给,一定程度上弥补了金融机构信贷资金的不足。笔者根据柳林近两年小额贷款公司的发展状况,对小额贷款公司实现可持续发展的路径分析如下,愿与各位同行分享。     

浅谈我国小额贷款公司的改革与发展

小额贷款公司在支持小微企业发展方面发挥重要作用,但"只贷不存"的瓶颈一定程度上阻碍了小额贷款公司的可持续发展。为此,笔者整理了中、美两国小额贷款公司发展现状,揭示了我国小额贷款公司发展及改制面临的问题,提出规范发展我国小额贷款公司的建议。一、小额贷款公司发展的动因分析(一)发展小额贷款公司能有效增加对农民的贷款,缓解农民贷款难。农民贷款难不只是     

小额贷款公司在阳泉市的探索与实践

阳泉市小额贷款公司的快速发展,对扩大辖区"三农"信贷投入、缓解中小企业和个体工商户资金紧张局面发挥了积极作用.本文分析了小额贷款公司的积极效应以及影响小额贷款公司可持续发展的掣肘因素,并对促进小额贷款公司稳健有序发展提出了建议.     

小额贷款公司可持续经营与发展面临的风险及对策研究——以保山市为例

小额贷款公司是我国金融制度的创新,对缓解"三农"和中小企业资金短缺、推动就业等具有重要意义,也为地方政府组织民间金融资源促进区域经济协调发展开辟了新的路径。但由于缺少法律的依据与政策的支持,小额贷款公司的发展面临着监管体系不成熟、政策扶持力度不够、经营负担过重和风险掌控难度较大等问题,极大制约了小额贷款公司的进一步发展壮大。因此本文客观分析了小额贷款公司经营与发展的实际情况以及面临的风险,提出了促进小额贷款公司实现可持续发展的对策和建议。     

浅析小额贷款公司在我国的发展及进一步发展设想

一直以来,小额贷款公司被视作为小微企业和"三农"融资问题的及时雨,被称为"草根金融"。作为专业从事贷款业务及相关金融业务的非银行金融公司,与传统银行比较,因其门槛相对较低,手续不复杂等优势使得小额贷款公司在金融市场上占有一席之地。作为传统银行借贷业务的补充,小额贷款公司的出现使得原先民间借贷业务得以"阳光化"。本文通过对小额贷款公司出现的必然性、特点及其在发展过程中遇到问题的浅析,对小额贷款公司在中国进一步的发展提出设想。     

浅析小额贷款公司在我国的发展及进一步发展设想

一直以来,小额贷款公司被视作为小微企业和"三农"融资问题的及时雨,被称为"草根金融"。作为专业从事贷款业务及相关金融业务的非银行金融公司,与传统银行比较,因其门槛相对较低,手续不复杂等优势使得小额贷款公司在金融市场上占有一席之地。作为传统银行借贷业务的补充,小额贷款公司的出现使得原先民间借贷业务得以"阳光化"。本文通过对小额贷款公司出现的必然性、特点及其在发展过程中遇到问题的浅析,对小额贷款公司在中国进一步的发展提出设想。     

小额贷款公司可持续发展路径探析——基于湖北省的实证分析

为解决中小企业、"三农"融资难问题,小额贷款公司作为一种新型的金融组织投入农村金融市场,给民间金融带来了曙光。但在其运行过程中所存在的资金来源、风险控制与成本等问题,影响了小额贷款公司在我国的可持续发展。本文以湖北省的实证分析为基础,认为我国应尽快完善法律制度建设,解决制约小额贷款公司稳健发展的制度缺陷;明确监管主体,完善小额信贷监管体系;扩大小额贷款公司融资比例,放宽控股约束;加强小额贷款公司自身建设,强化内部风险控制。     

我国小额贷款公司发展问题浅析

为解决微小企业和"三农"等融资难问题,在国家政策的引导下,近年来我国出现了一小额贷款公司。小额贷款公司的引入,在弥补我国金融体系的缺陷、促进经济发展方面发挥了重要的作用。但是小额贷款公司在迅猛发展的同时,遇到了法律定位不明确、资金缺乏、利率受限、税收负担等发展困境。本文围绕小额贷款公司发展中的问题,提出了一些关于小额贷款公司可持续发展的建议。     

我国小额贷款公司发展问题浅析

为解决微小企业和"三农"等融资难问题,在国家政策的引导下,近年来我国出现了一小额贷款公司。小额贷款公司的引入,在弥补我国金融体系的缺陷、促进经济发展方面发挥了重要的作用。但是小额贷款公司在迅猛发展的同时,遇到了法律定位不明确、资金缺乏、利率受限、税收负担等发展困境。本文围绕小额贷款公司发展中的问题,提出了一些关于小额贷款公司可持续发展的建议。     

小额贷款公司改革发展及目标定位问题研究

自2005年国家启动小额贷款公司试点以来,全国小额贷款公司在机构数量、业务规模等方面实现了较快增长,对于缓解"三农"和小微企业融资难问题,活跃农村金融市场发挥了积极作用。但同时部分小额贷款公司也出现了市场发展空间缩小、不良贷款风险加大、市场定位偏差和盲目发展等问题,明显偏离了政策初衷。本文在梳理小额贷款公司发展脉络的基础上,对山东省小额贷款公司发展现状及存在问题进行了深入分析,对小额贷款公司转型发展及目标定位问题进行了探讨,提出应结合小额贷款公司自身实际分类施策,走差异化、特色化、专业化的发展道路。     

小额贷款公司的经营困境与求解探索:荣庆案例

我国缺少的不是金融机构而是有序的民间金融市场。因自身经营与制度设计之间的不协调,众多小额贷款公司陷入经营困境。因此,须对相关的税收、利率等政策做出必要的配套性规定。当然,小额贷款公司也应该立足于当前的定位,努力拓展低风险业务,加强和银行的沟通,建立主办银行制度等,从而实现可持续的发展。     

上市公司数量与非上市公司创新

本文研究了上市公司数量增加对非上市公司创新的影响。研究发现,上市公司数量增加能够促进相关非上市公司创新。机制分析发现,上市公司数量对非上市公司创新的促进作用在融资约束程度相对严重的非上市公司中更明显,上市公司创新活动、分析师关注和高质量审计能够强化上述促进作用,表明上市公司能通过缓解融资约束,增加知识传播和信息披露,进而促进非上市公司创新。进一步研究发现,更多的地区劳动力供给、较高的地区市场化程度和金融市场化程度也能够强化上市公司数量增加对非上市公司创新的促进作用。本文深化了股票市场发展溢出效应方面的研究。     

Costs and Benefits of Mandatory Auditing of For‐profit Private and Not‐for‐profit Companies in Australia

This paper addresses the paucity of research surrounding the mandatory auditing of for‐profit private and not‐for‐profit companies in Australia. We document the various mandatory auditing provisions under the Corporations Act and identify over 22 000 companies that lodge audited accounts with the regulator under federal law. In 2011, 6339 large proprietary companies, 186 small proprietary companies, 2797 foreign‐owned companies, 3985 unlisted public companies and 8404 public companies limited by guarantee had an obligation under the Corporations Act to lodge audited accounts. While large proprietary and foreign‐owned companies have an option to apply to the Australian Securities and Investment Commission for audit relief, we estimate that less than 10% are granted audit exemption. We document that since 1995 an additional 1500 large proprietary companies that should have lodged under the size provisions of the Corporations Act have been granted exemption from doing so (i.e., grandfathered), although these firms appear to be subject to an annual audit even though they do not lodge accounts. We estimate the costs and discuss the potential public interest and firm‐level benefits associated with the mandatory auditing of for‐profit private and not‐for‐profit companies in Australia.     

The importance of cash flow disclosure and cost of capital

We examine whether the choice of cash flow disclosure under International Accounting Standard 7 has an influence on the cost of capital incurred by Australian listed companies. Results indicate that indirect method companies incur a significantly higher ex-ante cost of equity than direct method companies using a combined equity model approach. We also demonstrate that using an optimal weighted combination of equity models reduces model variance and bias compared to using a single equity model. Our findings support mandating the direct method and have the potential to induce companies to report the direct method to increase company value.     

印度小额贷款公司危机爆发对广西小额贷款公司发展的警示——以广西玉林、百色、来宾为视角

目前,小额贷款公司在全国范围内蓬勃兴起,小额贷款公司在经营过程中还存在诸多制约因素,小额贷款公司的政策制度、监管方式、运营模式、资金成本还没有太多可靠的经验可以借鉴。本文以广西壮族自治区小额贷款公司的发展为例,引入印度小额贷款公司爆发危机的经验教训,警示当前小额贷款公司经营发展过程中存在的问题,并据此提出了现实可行的政策建议。     

THE PRIVATE COMPANY DISCOUNT

When appraisers or investment bankers value privately held companies by making comparisons to otherwise similar public companies, they typically apply a discount. Most practitioners attribute this discount mainly to the relative illiquidity of private companies; and, for this reason, they value private companies based on empirical studies designed to measure illiquidity discounts. But this assumption and the valuations based upon it are likely to be unreliable because private companies are valued differently than public companies owing to a variety of other, more "fundamental" factors that have caused the firm to stay private rather than choosing to list on an exchange.
This article presents an alternative framework to estimate the discount for private companies that computes four separate valuation multiples for a set of private transactions and a comparable set of public transactions. After comparing these four sets of multiples for both domestic and foreign firms, the authors reach the following conclusions:

• ▪

   Domestic private companies are acquired at an average 20–30% discount relative to similar public companies when using earnings (more precisely, EBIT and EBITDA) multiples as the basis for valuing the transactions. The average discount measured using price- to-book value multiples are somewhat lower, and there are no significant differences between the revenue multiples of acquired private and public companies.

       
  
  

Reporting accountant appointments and accounting restatements: Evidence from UK private companies

In recent years, regulators have exempted an increasing number of companies from the requirement to appoint auditors, yet little is known about the role of the accounting profession in preparing and validating the financial statements of unaudited companies. In this paper, we examine empirically the factors associated with the appointment of reporting accountants. We then provide novel evidence on whether unaudited UK small private companies are less likely to restate their annual accounts when they have been prepared by an external accountancy firm (i.e., a reporting accountant). Based on a cross sectional analysis of a large sample of small private unaudited UK companies, we find that, in accordance with the ‘confirmation hypothesis’, larger companies that voluntarily disclose more financial information are more likely to appoint a reporting accountant. We also find that the accounts of companies with a reporting accountant are significantly less likely to be restated than those without. This result is more pronounced for companies disclosing more financial information and for those employing a larger accounting firm. Given the dwindling number of private companies opting for audits, our findings contribute to debates on the role of the accounting profession in enhancing private company financial reporting quality.     

上市公司信息披露违规市场反应差异研究——2002—2006年的实证分析

本文采用超额收益法,对我国A股市场2002—2006年上市公司信息披露违规公告市场反应差异进行了研究。首先对违规公司与非违规公司信息披露的市场反应差异进行检验,结果表明违规公司和非违规公司的市场反应存在显著差异,并且违规公司的累积超额收益率在违规公告前后较短的时窗内明显呈负值:其次对上市公司信息披露违规在不同年度上的市场反应差异进行检验,发现其市场反应呈逐年增强趋势;再次将事实披露违规和涉嫌披露违规的市场反应差异进行检验,结果表明涉嫌披露违规的市场反应明显强于事实披露违规;最后对ST公司和非ST公司信息披露违规的市场反应差异进行检验,结果发现非ST公司比ST公司的市场反应大。     

上市公司股权再融资盈余管理行为的实证分析

本文运用横截面修正的Jones模型,对我国1997—2002年A股上市公司配股盈余管理行为作了实证分析。研究发现,配股前3个年度和配股当年存在系统的盈余管理行为,影响了上市公司资本配置效率,并导致配股后上市公司业绩出现下降。会计师对于盈余管理进行了必要的关注,说明融资后的审计意见报告具有一定的质量。     

Differences in strategy, quality management practices and performance reporting systems between ISO accredited and non-ISO accredited companies

In recent years, an increasing number of organizations are obtaining accreditation offered by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Although ISO accreditation may reflect an organization's pursuit of a quality-focused business strategy and a commitment to quality management practices, ISO accreditation may merely be a response to external (customers') demands for quality certification. This study investigates whether ISO accredited companies differ from non-ISO accredited companies in business strategy and in their implementation of quality management practices. It also investigates differences between ISO accredited and non-ISO accredited companies in their reporting of quality in physical and financial terms and traditional performance measures. Based on a mail questionnaire sent to a sample of ISO and non-ISO accredited New Zealand manufacturing companies, the results showed a significant difference in the business strategy pursued by the two groups, with ISO accredited companies regarding quality as more important than cost efficiencies. However, there was no significant difference in the quality management practices of ISO accredited and non-ISO accredited companies, except in the areas of process improvement and quality measurement. There was also little evidence of differences in performance reporting systems between ISO accredited and non-ISO accredited companies.