市场经济与社会经济价值观念

经济活动领域的社会经济价值观念是社会价值观念体系中最普遍和基础的成份。主体意识和利益意识处于其中的核心地位。在社会主义市场经济中，社会经济价值观念中的主体意识以个体为基础但导向集体，从而逐渐从抽象的群体意识向现实的主体意识转移；社会经济价值观念中利 益意识的关于物质利益载体的变化，使得人们迸发了对利益追求的极大热情。要充分重视社会经济价值观念，尤其是其中的核心价值意识的导向作用。     

从拉美经济改革的失败透视新自由主义的本质

新自由主义是在继承资产阶级古典自由主义经济理论的基础上,以反对和抵制凯恩斯主义为主要特征,适应了国家垄断资本主义向国际垄断资本主义转变要求的理论思潮、思想体系和政策主张。新自由主义改革模式自身存在的根本性的错误和问题以及新自由主义意识形态特定的利益诉求导致拉美经济改革的失败。新自由主义经济改革范式的实践悖论,要求我们认真反思和认识新自由主义的本质。     

基于地缘经济利益的北极航道各利益相关主体的综合实力评价

从地缘角度出发,在界定北极航道引致的地缘经济利益的基础上,采用层次分析法构建综合实力评价指标体系,并结合灰色关联法,对北极航道利益相关主体的综合实力以及影响因素进行聚类比较分析。结果表明：（1）中、日、美、俄是北极航道各利益相关主体中综合实力最强的,传统航线受益国的综合实力最弱;北极理事会观察国中,德、韩、英、法、意的综合实力较强,与美俄之外的环北极国家相当,而西班牙、印度、新加坡的实力则相对较弱;（2）北极航道各利益主体的综合实力主要由其获得能力决定,其中,远洋航行技术是首要因素,经济实力的重要性与地理区位相当,军事实力的影响最小。     

基于利益主体伙伴关系构建的旅游可持续发展再思考

旅游可持续发展是旅游地难以回避的巨大挑战,也是旅游研究的重要领域之一。旅游发展涉及相互博弈的旅游者、政府机构、社区居民、投资者以及规划者等多元利益主体。在对旅游研究现状和不足分析的基础上,根据可持续发展社会、经济、环境三大系统的内在联系以及代内公平和代际公平间的相互关系,论述了多元利益主体伙伴关系构建在旅游可持续发展实践和研究中的重要性和必要性,呼吁旅游可持续发展研究的导向需要从传统的资源环境文化旅游利益客体和单一社区利益主体转向不同背景条件下多元旅游利益主体伙伴关系构建的障碍、机制和实践模式。     

论世界经济秩序的逻辑:自由主义、利益平衡与结构体系

新自由主义世界秩序是资本逻辑的衍生,地域经济发展不平衡为全球化参与拓展各经济主体提供获利机会和空间,交互摩擦和利益诉求需要以利益平衡来调和,即贸易平衡。而在技术、资源不平衡格局下,这种平衡是一种价值扭曲的平衡。资本逻辑的"必然"是对资本放任的结果,不是经济运行结构的逻辑必然,经济运行的基础是生产与消费的结构体系,生产地与消费地以及生产中心与创新中心的分离,影响到地域经济结构平衡,即全球化的结构不能确保地域结构有序。因而,新自由主义主导的全球化秩序只是资本逻辑的辩护,平衡利益的贸易平衡不能替代区域经济的结构平衡,即消费与生产不能脱节。因此,全球化必须回归到区域层面上的生产-消费的循环上来,把民生改善作为经济发展的动力,回归到发展生产力、解放生产力和保护生产力上来。     

论经济学中的利己主义假定

谋南求自身利益最大化或利己主义，几科成为西方经济学和中国改革中的经济学的具有公理性的基本假定之一。人的利己趋向源于生物学意义上的存在，然而，现实中的人活动本质上是由一定制度的社会关系决定的。在一定制度框架内，如果没有基于一定竞争与合作关系对自然的共同占有，就谈不上个人利益，因此，现实中作为经济主体的人，并不总是利己的或个人最大化利益的追求。本就此展开论证。     

"民本经济"脱胎于中国传统民本思想--兼与单东先生商榷

“民本经济”，导源于中国传统民本思想、“企业本位论”、“权利本位论”和“公民本位论”。民本经济是自主经济、权利经济、法治经济，其中凸现了国民经济中公民国民经济中的基础地位和主体意义。在完善市场经济体制中，从“体制外”发展起来的、“适应政策许可的民营经济”向“拥有制度保障的民本经济”的转变是必然的。兴民本经济富百姓与行民主政治强国家是互为表里、相得益彰的。     

自我调节还是自我扬弃——现代市场经济资源配置的逻辑演化

市场配置资源观是古典主义经济理论的核心,也是资本主义经济制度的基本价值取向.从18世纪末至今,市场配置资源观的逻辑不断被修正,经济理论和实践的糅合致使经济资源配置总体呈现“大市场、小政府”转向“去政府的纯粹市场”再转向“大政府”的特点.自律性原则被打破后,传统市场的权力平衡机制不复存在,致使现代市场越发脆弱.市场纠错功能内在逻辑矛盾,自由放任也绝非没有条件.市场配置资源不能解决社会福利公平缺失的问题,充分就业并不意味着社会福利的最优配置.现代自由主义批评了古典自由主义的资源配置观,并逐渐演化成新的资源配置模式,即经济民主.经济理论和实践表明,市场配置资源的逻辑演化证实了马克思关于资本主义经济制度自我扬弃的论断.     

城乡统筹发展中不同经济主体的利益博弈分析

城乡统筹发展是一个国家和地区生产力水平或城市化水平发展到一定程度的必然选择。博弈论是分析经济活动中经济主体利益关系的有效工具。本文阐明了城乡统筹发展的内涵与意义,并以博弈论理论为依据分析了城乡统筹发展过程中不同经济主体的利益博弈,提出了基于博弈论的城乡统筹发展中经济主体利益关系的重构对策。     

经济自由主义思想的兴衰及其启示

经济自由主义思想的历史回顾。人类社会进入资本主义制度以后,在经济、社会制度和人的观点上所体现出来的一个显著特征就是崇尚自由,而经济自由则是基础。经济自由主义的源头可以追溯到法国重农学派的理论体系。重农学派的创始人魁奈等人认为,自然界和人类社会都是受“自然秩序”支配的,这种秩序是完全符合人类的本性和社会、经济发展的内在要求的。如果人类充分认识了。自然秩席’,     

Economic Liberalism and the State: Dismantling the Myth of Naïve Laissez-Faire

The article offers a critique of the prevailing understanding of the relationship between neoliberalism and classic nineteenth-century liberalism in contemporary international political economy (IPE) and offers a redefinition inspired by Polanyi and Gramsci. Within critical IPE studies, a consensus has emerged that neoliberalism cannot be reduced to a simple attempt to roll back the economy and let loose free-market forces. However, this insight relies on contrasting neoliberalism with a classic liberalism, that is, a simple attempt to implement just this naïve laissez-faire ideology. In contrast, this article argues that nineteenth-century liberalism is also characterised by an active use of state and legislative power. Through a historical study of two cases from nineteenth-century Britain, Poor Law reform and the Gold Standard, the paper will argue that state action played a central role even during the heyday of laissez-faire liberalism. With a starting point in Polanyi’s dictum that ‘laissez-faire was planned’, this reinvestigation will point towards a need to develop a more nuanced understanding of the distinctions between economic theory, ideology, and practical policy, as well as pointing towards a general reinterpretation of the role of the state in liberal economic ideology.     

Thoreau's economic philosophy

Abstract

This paper provides an encompassing portrayal of Thoreau's economic thought. It is analyzed against the background of the history of economic thought and the economic thinking of his time. Thoreau's economic thought is an extensive examination of the ideas of classical political economy, and particularly of Jean-Baptiste Say, and it is a fundamental critique thereof. Thoreau recognizes that some aspects and foundations of the modern conception of the economy lead to an alienation of the human being from itself as well as to an alienation from nature. I demonstrate that this critique is a result of Thoreau's specific approach to the economy, which, based on his particular understanding of the human being and his philosophy of nature, seeks the meaning of the economy for human life and for nature. In this philosophical approach, which I characterize as an economic philosophy, Thoreau's deeper defiance of classical political economy and his original place within the history of economic thought are grounded. It leads Thoreau to an alternative conception of an economy of moderation, which is identified and described in detail. I conclude with considerations on the potential meaning of Thoreau's thought for current economic research.     

Deepening the economic reform from the relationship between man and nature

Since 1978, China has gained worldwide shin- ing achievements following the idea of seeking the truth of the fact to carry out economic reform for over 20 years. From the relationship between hu- man being and nature, the economic development has entered a new era, eco-era. The new era re- quires us to further deepen economic reform from the relationship of human being and nature while we are keeping on economic reform based on the relationship between human beings so as to realize sustainable…     

Harmony between man and nature：the base for the harmonious society

The harmony between man and nature is the base for the harmonious society. It is determined by the eco-ruleand eco-economic rule. Human being should not violate the eco-rule. However, human being can make eco-systemsupply suit economic growth and its speed through systematical innovation and restriction of human economic activityand choice. Through technological innovation, efficiency satisfaction of unit resource can be increased; structure andfunction of eco-system can be perfected; supply capability of eco-system can be improved. To build the harmonioussociety, human should consider the reasonable distribution of limited resources from two sides. The first one is that theutilization of two functions of resource supply and pollution purification to nature should not exceed its special supplycapability formed under its special structure and function states, i.e. harmony between man and nature. The second sideis human being should think over the reasonable and effective distribution of limited resources in economic society, i.e.harmony between human beings and society. The reasonable economic activity of human being is the key to the harmo-nious development of man and nature.     

论现代生产力的三个向度

传统理论认为生产力是人类征服自然界的活动，强调人类对自然界的单方面索取．轻视自然界对人类的制约．因而无法解决生态问题。笔者认为，生产力是人类为谋取生存条件而从事的变革人类和自然界关系的双向活动。生态因素是生产力的内在要素。生产力的发展经历了古代、近代和现代三个阶段。生态、科技和管理是现代生产力的三个基本要素。     

Political economy and the ‘modern view’ as reflected in the history of economic thought

This paper focuses on the transition from classical political economy to ‘modern’ economics, a central aspect of which is the ascent of the conception of ‘theory’ as a mere instrument of research. We analyse how this transitional phase was perceived and interpreted in representative, more or less contemporaneous histories of economic thought: those by Luigi Cossa in 1880, by John Kells Ingram in 1915 (originally published in 1888), and by Charles Gide and Charles Rist in 1915. Despite their differences, all authors share the same conception of the structure of scientific laws, as well as the view that economics must be separated from liberalism.     

转型经济学研究的主题、范式与前景

从计划经济体制向市场经济体制的转型,是整体意艾上制度系统的结构和性质的改变.这一过程就构成了转型经济学研究的主题.它区别于对计划经济体制和市场经济体制本身的研究.目前这一领域尚未形成统一的研究范式,新古典自由主义、新凯恩斯主叉、演化经济学和制度变迁理论等都在这一领域有着广泛的应用.但这些理论都有着自己的适用范围,在转型经济领域的应用都有着明显的缺陷,更不能独自成为转型经济学最恰当的研究范式.在各个理论范式碰撞与融合的基础上,进一步实现转型经济理论研究范式的创新,是转型经济学进一步发展的必然.     

发展循环经济：资源枯竭型城市转型之路

人与自然和谐是和谐社会的基础,发展循环经济,是中国构建人与自然和谐社会的关键环节。发展循环经济与构建人与自然和谐社会之间存在着内在逻辑,资源枯竭型城市应通过发展循环经济,来解决目前存在的人与自然的不和谐问题,资源枯竭型城市发展循环经济,构建和谐社会,需要宏观政策的支持和经济制度的创新,地方政府则需要在微观主体培育和鼓励公众参与等方面发挥作用。     

John Atkinson Hobson and the roots of John Dewey's economic thought

Abstract

American pragmatist John Dewey's economic thought has remained relatively unknown by both philosophers and economists. This article addresses this lack of interest and replies to criticism of pragmatism as the philosophy of ‘corporate liberalism’ by tracing one source of Dewey's economic thought to British New Liberal John Atkinson Hobson. General similarities are discussed first, followed by a presentation of Dewey's use of Hobson's theory of underconsumption during the Great Depression. It concludes by presenting Dewey's understanding of a liberalism that had truly become corporate.     

哈耶克反对社会主义的时代和理论背景分析

哈耶克是新自由主义的旗手,一生反对社会主义。学术界往往从哈耶克理论的本身去探讨其反对社会主义的原因,事实上哈耶克反对社会主义有其社会背景和知识根源,前者主要是苏德经济政治制度的弊端和凯恩斯主义失效后西方对新自由主义的重视,后者主要是哈耶克自身接触和掌握的心理学知识及自由主义政治经济理论。