城市化、国际化背景下的社会阶层分化与政治诉求表达——以义乌为例

随着城市化、国际化进程的加快,我国社会阶层构成变化明显,新社会阶层经济地位加强,价值取向多元,政治诉求、社会参与欲望明显加强,引致社会变迁。义乌新世纪以来,工商业经营户快速成长,成为资本所有者阶层;外来人口形成群体,加深社会阶层分化的影响;城市扩张致中等收入阶层开始形成。这种社会阶层构成变化引发利益诉求变迁,利益集团初具雏形,游说政府、影响政策;非政府组织成为政治参与的重要力量。需要积极引导非政府组织进行政治参与和社会事务参与,加强阶层融合;高度重视城市化、国际化带来的消极影响,妥善处理各种阶层矛盾。     

试论年新制为主的激励机制

现代企业制度的基本特征之一是建立法人治理结构 ,而建立科学、健全的企业法人治理结构的目的在于形成企业内部有效的激励机制。一、激励的必要性我们在现代企业制度理论的指导下 ,为国企公司设计一法人治理结构。而现代企业制度中 ,所有权和经营权是分离的。所有权归属众多利益相关者 ,经营权归属经理阶层 ,他们是所有者所委托的代理人。美国企业管理专家钱德勒教授指出 :“由一组支薪的中、高层经理人员所管理的多单位企业即可适当地称之为现代企业”。换句话说 ,现代公司制下的企业亦可称之为经理制企业 ,可以认为经理制是现代公司区别于…     

商标法的竞争性利益平衡机制探讨

在法的创制过程中，认识各种社会利益是法的创制活动的起点。对各种利益做出取舍和协调，是法的创制的关键。作为协调商标权人的利益与其他利益主体的利益关系的商标法亦不例外。从“利益”的角度考察，可以将商标法看成是在商标权人的垄断利益与社会公共利益之间的一种利益分配、法律选择和整合。商标法诞生于几百年前。这种制度，一开始就是作为协调和平衡商标权人和其他利益主体特别是竞争者的利益关系，作为平衡商标权人的专有利益或者说垄断利益与公共利益的制度安排而出现的。商标权人的利益与公共利益是整个商标法律制度中一对主要矛盾，而这两者之间的平衡是商标法赖以实现其宗旨的保障。     

利益调整视角下的地理标志

“作为社会生活的基础，利益是社会生活中唯一、普遍起作用的社会发展动力和社会矛盾根源。”法作为最重要的社会规范，其基本价值就是实行和实现对利益和利益冲突的协调和调整。法律制度实质上是利益制度。既然法是为实行和实现对利益和利益冲突的协调和调整而存在，那么要构架良好的法律制度对地理标志进行行之有效的保护，     

CIO十年:一个阶层的兴起

这是一个从无到有,从弱到强,从边缘逐渐站立到舞台中央的阶层。中国企业的IT建设恰恰起于西方管理理论在中国社会几无踪迹的时候。从上世纪80年代到新世纪之初,中国企业完成了经济体制和现代企业制度的双重改造。面对日新月     

市场制度的价值取向与经济结构的市场调整

本文试图说明,在现有的生产技术条件下,市场制度应体现什么样的价值取向,才能通过市场调整出合理的经济结构。文中通过模型对中国经济的产业结构、所有制结构以及产业结构和所有制结构之间的互动影响进行实证分析,发现从产业结构或所有制结构单方面地对经济结构进行调整,都无法使经济结构达到一种合理的状态。并且通过市场调整经济结构时,市场制度的价值取向将起到关键的作用。比较分析不同的市场制度价值取向下市场对经济结构的调整发现,只有当经济中形成一种国有经济不与民(资本和劳动)争利的制度环境,并且制度的价值取向侧重于保护资本利益,但同时兼顾劳动利益时,市场才能调整出合理的经济结构。     

浅析大型国有企业集团的财务治理问题

财务治理是公司治理的重要组成部分,是一项由企业股东大会、董事会、经理层、监事会等权力机构对公司财务权力进行配置的一系列制度安排。从制度层面上构建集团公司的财务运作,规定集团内各财务利益相关者的责任、权利、利益;旨在通过财务治理结构安排,对企业财务权力进行合理分配,形成一种财务激励和约束机制。     

中小企业自主创新能力提升策略研究——基于企业家社会资本的视角

本文从中小企业家社会资本的视角探讨其自主创新能力提升的对策。从结构、资源、策略三个层面剖析企业家社会资本的构成因子,阐述企业家关系网络、企业家社会资源、创新机会策略分别从控制利益、信息利益、策略有效性等方面建构获取创新赢利机会的结构能力、资源能力和策略能力。并基于结构洞理论推导结构自治、非冗余性、结构洞策略等相应的影响因子及作用路径,进而构建企业家社会资本影响机制理论结构模型,初步建立了企业家社会资本增殖范式下自主创新能力提升的理论分析框架。在此基础上,遵循中小企业家社会资本的修补脉络,聚焦于联系紧密化、联系差异化、联系细分化设计了中小企业自主创新能力提升三种策略。通过辨析补洞策略、寻洞策略、析洞策略的作用和差异,从策略实质与策略优选两方面论述了中小企业全面提升自主创新能力的实践架构。     

内蒙古煤炭资源开发利益分享机制研究

完善煤炭资源开发利益分享机制,使当地农牧民能够共同分享煤炭资源开发利益,有利于切实保障当地农牧民的权益,化解当地农牧民与煤炭企业之间的利益冲突,促进社会和谐稳定发展。调研分析了内蒙古煤炭资源开发利益分享现状及存在的问题,从我国煤炭资源产权制度、土地征收制度等法律层次上,深刻剖析了影响内蒙古煤炭资源开发利益分享的制度缺陷,提出了完善内蒙古煤炭资源开发利益分享机制的对策与建议。     

住房保障配套制度改革初探

住房保障配套制度是解决城市低收入阶层住房问题和保持社会稳定的重要措施。章重点阐述了住房社会保障体系中保障对象的核定、住房供应系统以及住房社会保障的信贷和利率体系的相互关系。住房保障配套制度的建立必将成为住房制度改革的基础。     

钻完井区域化管理模式在渤海油田的实践与应用

分析了渤海辽东湾区域钻完井作业存在物料供给距离远、补给周期长,现场物料消耗大、需求紧张,船舶与物料费用高等问题。通过设置区域总监积极参与船舶、物料动态管理,优化船舶安排、重点租赁工具跟踪、作业点区域化管理,提高了船舶使用效率,满足了现场需要,达到了供需平衡,节省了运输成本。     

Asymmetric rivalry within and between strategic groups

Our study examines asymmetric rivalry within and between strategic groups defined according to the size of their members. We hypothesize that, owing to several forms of group‐level effects, including switching costs and efficiency, strategic groups comprising large firms expect to experience a large amount of retaliation from firms within their group and accommodation from the group comprising smaller firms. Small firms, on the other hand, expect to experience a small amount of retaliation from the group comprising large firms and no reaction from the other firms in their group. We estimate the effect of group‐level strategic interactions on firm performance. Our analysis reveals that the rivalry behavior within and between groups is asymmetric, which supports the dominant‐fringe relation between firms, as described in our hypothesis. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

体验经济时代的消费需求及营销战略

本文通过对近十几年社会经济发展变化的描述，指出体验经济到来是必然的，在解析消费需求变化趋势的基础上，提出企业在体验经济时代所应该采取的营销战略，笔者试图通过对营销理念，营销重点以及营销手段等方面的创新，改变企业在新经济时代所面临的营销困境，并且，引用大量企业营销的成功案例予以证明。     

What is Alive and What is Dead in the Theory of Corporatism

The term ‘corporatism’ simultaneously designates a particular interest group structure, characterized by monopolistic, centralized and internally non‐democratic associations, and a particular policy‐making process, also known as ‘concertation’ or ‘social partnership’. This paper argues that structure and process may no longer be closely associated. By focusing on the Irish and Italian cases, it shows that concertation is perfectly compatible with a non‐corporatist structure of the interest representation system. Inter‐ and intra‐organizational co‐ordination remains important for the viability of concertation. However, it can be achieved, even in relatively fragmented systems like the Irish and the Italian, through alternative mechanisms relying on democracy and discussion.     

Corporate Social Responsibility and Governance: The Role of Executive Compensation

This article examines the relationship between corporate governance and corporate sustainability by focusing on an essential component of companies' governance structure: executive compensation programs. We propose an original empirical strategy based on a large set of the biggest capitalizations in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries over the period 2004–2018, with explicit measures of how companies integrate into executive managers' remuneration precise criteria of corporate social responsibility, an incentive scheme called corporate social responsibility (CSR) contracting. Our results show that proposing executive compensation programs including CSR criteria has a negative impact on financial performance, and a large positive impact on extra-financial performance based on the following dimensions: relationship with customers and suppliers, and community involvement. Second, we explore the moderating role of the corporate governance model by distinguishing the impact between firms with a shareholder or stakeholder corporate governance model and reveal significant differences in the impact of CSR contracting. For firms with a stakeholder corporate governance model, CSR contracting is no longer associated with a fall of financial performance and has a large positive impact on human resources, environmental, and human rights performance. On the other hand, CSR contracting has a negative impact on financial performance but no impact on extra-financial performance for firms with a shareholder corporate governance model.     

The impact of digitalisation on remittances. Evidence from El Salvador

This paper carries out a microeconomic analysis of the determinants of remittances from a receiving perspective in El Salvador. Specifically, using data from the ‘Encuesta de Hogares de Propósitos Múltiples of 2016’ (2016 Multi-purpose Household Survey -EHPM16), the characteristics of households that affect the reception of remittances in El Salvador in 2016 were analysed, focusing on the level of digitalisation in households. Determinants of remittances are not everlasting and are affected by social and economic changes. In this sense, the effect on remittances caused by an increase in the widespread use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) is not an exception. Based on a two steps selection model, the results point out that the household's level of digitalisation significantly increases the probability of receiving remittances, not their amount.     

Redefining the Toyota Production System: the European side of the story

Trapped into the sterile opposition between the empowerment and the management by stress approaches, the debate on the Toyota Production System has failed to provide a clear understanding of the social and organisational conditions that make this system viable. By focusing on the work organisation, the market configuration and the industrial infrastructure of the European transplants of Toyota, this paper proposes an alternative approach centred on the notions of 'contextualisation' and 'human agency.'     

Inter-organizational collaborations for social innovation and social value creation: Towards the development of new research agenda and theoretical perspectives

The intensifying poverty and poorer living conditions, the need for greater social welfare along with ongoing damages to the natural environment in several contexts of the world have proved the increasing importance of social innovation for creating positive social and environmental change. This special issue addresses to the limitations in social innovation literature by providing insights into the role of inter-organizational collaborations in the process, practice and outcome of social innovation. Thus, the papers published in this special issue advance current knowledge and scholarship on different aspects of the social innovation phenomena occurring in inter-organizational contexts. The current paper reviews existing perspectives and studies on social innovation undertaken inter-organizational contexts, develops the future agenda for improving scholarship on social innovation occurring through inter-organizational collaborations, and provides the development of new theoretical ideas by focusing on some key studies in the literature and papers published in this special issue. With a focus on subsistence contexts that are characterized by limiting institutional environments, this paper identifies the types of partnerships that are being formed by social enterprises and individual social entrepreneurs, and how they may facilitate and foster social innovation practice and performance through social value creation.     

Inter-organizational meets inter-personal: An exploratory study of social capital processes in relationships between Northern European and ethnic Chinese firms

This paper deals with social capital in a business network setting focusing on three aspects of social capital: social interaction, social bonds and trust. The paper argues that because of variations in underlying principles and inter-organizational business practices between different countries and culture, social capital processes will take different forms and place different levels of importance on relationships in different countries. The paper investigates how northern European managers perceive social interaction, social bonds and trust in conducting business with ethnic Chinese business partners. The explorative study builds on interviews with 28 Finnish and Swedish managers in Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand. The findings of the study indicate that when northern European and ethnic Chinese firms develop trading relationships, the resulting relationship is neither Nordic nor Chinese. Both parties deviate from their native behaviour and a new type of relationship evolves as the exchange partners interact.