胆囊切除治疗胆囊结石的临床疗效

目的评价腹腔镜与开腹胆囊切除术在治疗胆囊结石的临床治疗效果。方法回顾性分析我院2011年6月至2013年6月收治的116例胆囊结石患者的临床资料,依据治疗方式不同将其中采用腹腔镜手术治疗的62例患者标记为观察组,另54例采用传统开腹手术治疗标记为对照组,对比两组患者手术情况和术后并发症。结果观察组切口大小明显短于对照组,术中出血量少于对照组;观察组的手术时间、排气时间、住院时间皆短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率为21.0%,明显少于对照组的44.4%(P<0.05)。结论腹腔镜胆囊切除术具有切口小、术中出血量少、术后恢复时间短、并发症发生率低等优点。     

腹腔镜与传统外科手术治疗胆结石的疗效探讨

目的 观察对胆结石患者进行LC(在腹腔镜下予以胆囊切除术)治疗,以及进行开腹手术治疗的临床效果.方法 选取2008 年11 月至2011 年11 月来我科治疗的160 例胆结石患者临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 A、B 两组患者全部顺利完成手术,并且完整地将结石取出,两组手术的成功率均能够达到100.0%,相较不具统计学差异(P＞0.05);A 组患者术后各指标同B 组相较,均呈显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论 对胆结石患者予以LC 治疗,同开腹手术治疗相较,更加方便安全,不仅切口较小,且术中的出血量也少,患者创伤小,所以伤口疼痛较轻,同时患者住院的时间较短,临床并发症也较少出现,还具有对患者机体的影响较小以及术后康复较快等诸多优点,应予推广.     

腹腔镜在40例老年胆囊切除术中的应用分析

目的对腹腔镜在老年胆囊切除术中的应用进行分析。方法资料选自本院2011年5月~2013年1月收治的80例老年胆囊结石患者,随机分为对照组40例行常规开腹胆囊切除术;实验组40例行腹腔镜下胆囊切除术,观察对比两组患者的治疗效果及各项指标情况。结果实验组患者手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、术后排气时间、下床时间及并发症发生率均明显低于对照组患者,组间比较差异明显,具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用腹腔镜下胆囊切除术治疗老年胆囊结石患者,与传统意义上的开腹胆囊切除术相比,有较好的治疗效果,且术后并发症少、恢复较快,值得临床推广使用。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术与传统开腹胆囊切除术治疗急性胆囊炎临床对比研究

目的对比腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)与传统开腹胆囊切除术治疗急性胆囊炎的临床效果。方法回顾性分析60例急性胆囊炎患者的临床资料,30例行LC(治疗组),30例行传统开腹胆囊切除术(对照组),比较两组患者术中及术后的相关指标。结果两组比较,治疗组手术时间短、术中出血量少、肛门排气时间早、住院时间短,均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论 LC在治疗急性胆囊炎方面与传统开腹胆囊切除术比较,优势明显,值得推广。     

腹腔镜下治疗急性胆囊炎的疗效及安全性观察

目的对腹腔镜下治疗急性胆囊炎的疗效及安全性进行观察和分析。方法选取106例急性胆囊炎患者,分为腹腔镜组和开腹组,分别行腹腔镜胆囊切除术和开腹胆囊切除术,对患者进行治疗,并对比分析两组患者的术中出血量、手术和住院时间、并发症、止痛剂使用情况等。结果治疗时中转开腹手术的患者为4例,两组患者相关指标的对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且腹腔镜组患者的治疗效果更为优越。两组患者均有并发症发生,主要为胆漏及胆管损伤,腹腔镜组并发症发生率为3.2%;开腹组另有8例患者为术后感染,并发症发生率为30.2%。结论对于急性胆囊炎的治疗,采用腹腔镜胆囊切除术更为有效和安全,具有临床推广及应用的价值。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除治疗急性胆囊炎的临床疗效

目的探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除在急性胆囊炎治疗中的临床疗效。方法以2012年6月至2013年6月我院收治的76例急性胆囊炎患者为研究对象,随机分为两组。试验组患者采用腹腔镜胆囊切除治疗,对照组患者采用常规胆囊切除治疗。比较两组患者的手术时间、手术出血量、治疗效果等,评价两种方法的疗效。结果试验组患者的手术时间和手术出血量明显少于对照组,两组对比差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;试验组患者的治疗效果好于对照组,但两组疗效对比差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论腹腔镜胆囊切除用于急性胆囊的治疗能够缩短手术时间,减少术中出血量,具有较好的治疗效果。     

高龄急性胆囊炎患者行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的临床效果

目的探讨高龄急性胆囊炎患者行腹腔镜胆囊切除术(Lc)的临床效果。方法回顾性分析150例Lc患者的临床资料,其中急性结石性胆囊炎123例,单纯胆囊息肉样病变11例,单纯胆囊颈结石嵌顿8例,胆源性胰腺炎8例。结果 150例高龄急性胆囊炎行Lc手术患者成功132例,成功率为88.0%,中转开腹手术18例;术后出现并发症合并肺部感染4例,创口感染3例,经积极治疗处理,患者均已康复出院。结论高龄急性胆囊炎患者行Lc具有创伤小、时间短、并发症少、术后康复快等优势,降低手术风险,且安全可行。     

腹腔镜胆囊大部切除术原因分析

目的探讨腹腔镜胆囊大部切除术(LC)的可行性。方法总结性回顾了我院收治急性胆囊疾病的患者68例行腹腔镜胆囊大部切除术的临床资料。结果本组68例急性胆囊疾病患者均成功行腹腔镜胆囊大部切除术,无中转开腹。术中发生大出血2例,进行夹闭或缝扎达到了止血的目的,均在1周经保守治疗痊愈。结论行腹腔镜胆囊大部切除术在特殊情况下是较佳的方法,具有疗效肯定、创伤性小、并发症少、安全可行等优点,实现了治疗程序化、规范化和微创化。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术围术期护理措施

目的探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术围术期护理方法及效果。方法选取2008年1月至2012年12月我院150例行腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者,本组患者麻醉方式均为全麻,然后行4孔或3孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术。给予患者围术期护理。结果本组150例患者均顺利治愈出院,术后有2例又行剖腹探查术,4例出现呕吐恶心,10例出现3 d体温超过38℃,12例出现腹胀,14例出现切口疼痛,经过一些常规处理后,症状均消失。结论随着在临床上大量开展腹腔镜胆囊切除术,广大患者越来越接受其治疗的优越性和治疗效果,但是腹腔镜胆囊切除术也对护理工作提出更高的要求,这就需要医护人员在围术期给予及时的护理和仔细的观察,以此提高患者的手术质量,促进其尽快恢复健康。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术后并发症的观察与护理

目的探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术后并发症的观察与护理体会。方法对我院收治的腹腔镜胆囊切术患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果所有患者均痊愈,但术后出现了不同程度的并发症,经及时对症治疗后,均全部治愈出院。结论腹腔镜对急慢性胆囊炎患者的治疗安全有效,对术后并发症应及时治疗,加强术后病情观察及护理干预是腹腔镜胆囊切除术成功的重要保证。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者的围术期护理

目的：探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者的围术期护理对策。方法回顾性分析2012年12月至2014年12月收治的89例接受腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者的临床资料,总结与分析患者的围术期护理对策。结果89例患者中,无死亡病例,术后2～5 d拔管,平均拔管时间为（3.4±0.9）d;其中8例（9.0%）中转开腹完成手术,5例（5.6%）患者发生并发症。结论对于腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者实施积极有效的护理措施,可确保患者手术的顺利进行,促进疾病早日康复。     

Pleasure and belief in Hume's Decision Process

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to introduce explicitly pleasure and belief in what aims at being a Humean theory of decision, like the one developed in Diaye and Lapidus (2005a). Although we support the idea that Hume was in some way a hedonist – evidently different from Bentham's or Jevons' way – we lay emphasis less on continuity than on the specific kind of hedonism encountered in Hume's writings (chiefly the Treatise, the second Enquiry, the Dissertation, or some of his Essays). Such hedonism clearly contrasts to its standard modern inheritance, expressed by the relation between preferences and utility.

The reason for such a difference with the usual approach lies in the mental process that Hume puts to the fore in order to explain the way pleasure determines desires and volition. Whereas pleasure is primarily, in Hume's words, an impression of sensation, it takes place in the birth of passions as reflecting an idea of pleasure, whose “force and vivacity” is precisely a “belief”, transferred to the direct passions of desire or volition that come immediately before action. As a result, from a Humean point of view, “belief” deals with decision under risk or uncertainty, as well as with intertemporal decision and indiscrimination problems.

The latter are explored within a formal framework, and it is shown that the relation of pleasure is transformed by belief into a non-empty class of relations of desire, among which at least one is a preorder.     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

Solidified Branding Function: How the Urban Brand Affects a Small Town’s Development? Case Study of Wangqingtuo,Tianjin, China

Chinese small towns are usually developed with single core industry,and the urban brand is the identity of a town that formed with the development of its indust...     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...     

Globalization,Neoliberalism and the attack on social security

Neoliberal political movements advocate privatization of public pension systems. Globalization imposes pressure on nations to conform to neoliberal policy views with respect to the design and structure of social insurance, including public pension systems. The paper begins with an investigation of the economic, ethical and ideological dimensions of the privatization debates in the U.S.; it argues that privatization advocates may be largely moved by ideology, since the other reasons advanced appear weak or unfounded. The second part discusses the history of Social Security, the purposes for its creation, and some of its economic effects. Differences between public and private pension systems are considered. A brief international comparison of some aspects of public pension system finance and benefit structures is presented. The final section considers the ethical, macroeconomic and distributional implications of privatization, prefunding and payroll tax funding, and argues for a pay as you go system financed with income taxes. In order to promote equity, economic security, community, and social cohesion, public pension systems should be universal in coverage. In order to reduce the inequality, income insecurity, and aged poverty generated by market economies, public pension systems ought to be progressive: benefit/contribution ratios should be inversely proportional to income, and progressive income taxes should finance the system. To promote economic growth, the systems should be financed on a pay-as-you-go basis, and should not be prefunded except for an emergency reserve. The fiscal policy recommendations partially depend upon the theory developed by Abba Lerner in the 1940s, and recently advanced by Wynne Godley and Randy Wray: Lerner's “principle of functional finance.”     

Perspective on the Economic Evolution of the European Union States Under the Impact of the Pandemic and Financial-Economic Crisis

The European Union,which is at the beginning of its term of office for all Member States in the European Parliament,the European Commission,its governing body a...