我国通胀预期的估计及对实际通货膨胀的影响

本文通过构建状态空间模型,利用我国宏观经济数据对通货膨胀预期进行了估计.分析通胀预期和实际通胀序列发现,“前瞻性”的通胀预期管理政策能有效地控制实际通胀的高涨.在此基础上,论文利用Geweke检验分析了通胀预期对我国实际通货膨胀的影响.研究结果显示,通胀预期对实际通货膨胀存在着长期影响和瞬时影响,但两种影响的程度不同.通胀预期对实际通货膨胀的长期影响程度约为35％,高于瞬时影响的影响程度,说明通胀预期对实际通胀的影响以长期影响为主.因此,中央银行应将“前瞻性”的通胀预期管理政策加入到货币政策中,通过稳定通胀预期和提高调控的“前瞻性”来控制实际通胀的长期高涨.     

The Form. Measurement and Management of Inflation Anticipation

通货膨胀是影响各国经济发展和社会稳定的重要问题,而通胀预期又是影响实际通货膨胀的重要因素。我国通货膨胀随着社会转型开始呈现周期性变化,对我国通货膨胀基于成本推动型、需求拉动型、结构型等等的研究也已经较多,但不容忽视的是,我国通货膨胀的惯性特征很强,通货膨胀的滞后效应十分明显,究其原因是通胀预期的作用。本文基于对通胀预期形成的认识,对其影响因素进行研究,然后通过实证分析,得到通胀预期形成的相关结论,最后对通货膨胀的管理提出政策建议。     

预期、投资推动与中国通货膨胀

本文构建了中国特征的新凯恩斯菲利普斯曲线,考察了我国通货膨胀预期性质及投资对通货膨胀的影响.通过理论分析和实证检验,本文认为:我国通货膨胀特性符合新凯恩斯菲利普斯曲线,兼具前瞻型预期和后顾型预期特征.从通货膨胀表征来看,其中前瞻型的通胀预期和后顾型通胀惯性预期对通胀影响最为显著,投资的影响次之.从我国通胀预期的特征和投资推动的具体影响来看,建立公开透明的信息披露机制和改变政府主导投资模式可以切实有效地抑制通货膨胀.     

通胀预期管理的国际实践及对我国的启示

通胀预期是公众对未来通货膨胀变动方向和幅度的事前估计和判断,是真实通货膨胀形成的重要因素。一些国家在通胀预期管理实践方面积累了较为丰富的经验。当前,我国通胀预期管理的实践尚处于起步阶段,缺乏针对通胀预期的调查制度和专门的通胀预期管理手段,需要借鉴国际经验,构建适合本国国情的通胀预期管理体系。     

我国的通货膨胀预期及其管理

2009年10月21日,国务院常务会议首次提出管理通货膨胀预期。那么,通货膨胀预期(下称通胀预期)在本轮通货膨胀中起了多大作用,如何管理?通货膨胀和通胀预期的关系通胀预期是公众对未来通货膨胀变动方向和幅度的事前估计和预测。通胀预期有适应性、理性和不完全理性预期之分。     

我国通货膨胀预期的测度及其管理研究

中央银行的货币政策目标就是保持物价稳定。大量的实证分析和长期的实践经验表明,通货膨胀预期对通货膨胀具有重要的推动作用。因此要提高货币政策的科学性、有效性和前瞻性就必须管理好公众的通货膨胀预期。但是到目前为止,国内对通胀预期的研究仍较为匮乏,实践中对通胀预期的监测也是非常的薄弱。本文独创性地改进了Carlson-Parkin概率法,以此计算我国的通胀预期值,并进一步地利用计算得到的通胀预期值,对通胀预期的影响因素进行实证分析。     

现阶段通胀预期产生的背景、影响及管理

通货膨胀预期是导致通货膨胀的一个重要原因,如何有效地管理通胀预期是成为日前大家关注的一个焦点。本文首先解释了通胀预期的概念,在此基础上分析了目前我国通胀预期产生的国内外背景,以及通胀预期产生的影响,最后,对于管理段通胀预期给出了一些建议。     

稳健货币政策下通货膨胀预期研究

通货膨胀预期是真实通货膨胀形成的重要决定因素,对货币政策目标和实施效果有重要影响。本文在总结1978年以后四次通货膨胀周期下通胀预期形成的基础上,对稳健货币政策下通胀预期的形成机理和影响因素进行理论分析,预期货币供给和资产价格尤其是房地产价格对通胀预期的影响最大,并对理论分析的结果进行了实证检验,最后提出加强通货膨胀预期管理的政策建议。     

关于我国通货膨胀预期管理的思考

稳定物价总水平,就是要控制通货膨胀,而管理好通胀预期是控制通货膨胀关键的因素。本文通过对当前宏观经济形势和影响通货膨胀预期的因素进行分析,提出了管理通货膨胀预期的对策建议。     

浅论通货膨胀预期的影响

本文在介绍我国通货膨胀预期指数构建方法的基础上,实证研究了我国通货膨胀预期与经济、通货膨胀预期与实际通货膨胀之间的相关性,研究表明我国通货膨胀预期对实际通胀不存在显著影响,而实际通胀存在显著黏性。文章结合对历史上发达国家经济滞胀情形的考察,对于我国当前在治理通胀的同时如何兼顾经济平稳发展提出建议。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…