资本市场融资、经济增长与产业结构升级——基于中国省际面板数据的检验

本文利用扩展柯布-道格拉斯生产函数,分析我国金融深化的背景下,利用多层次资本市场的不同渠道资本融资、经济增长以及产业结构升级之间的动态关系。文章利用29个省、市、自治区2006~2010年的面板数据,实证结果发现:多层次资本市场融资对经济增长具有显著的促进效应,但债券市场与FDI对经济增长的作用较弱。总量促进经济增长的背后,不同的融资渠道之间的相互作用不尽相同:银行信贷与债券对股票市场筹资存在显著的"溢出效应",FDI对股票市场筹资存在显著的"挤出效应",说明股票市场融资可以替代FDI在实体经济中的作用。随后对多层次资本市场与产业结构转型关系的数据进行实证。研究发现:股票融资、债券融资在一定程度上推动了中国的经济结构转型,但FDI与结构转型负相关,银行信贷与经济转型的关系不显著。     

资本市场支持地方经济效率研究——以辽宁省大连市为例

针对大连市资本市场对其经济增长的影响程度,应用帕加罗内生经济增长模型,从股票市场和债券市场两个角度实证分析资本市场对地区经济增长的影响效果.结果表明:大连市的总融资规模对大连市经济增长的贡献率为0.283,其中债券融资规模对大连市经济增长的贡献率为0.277.相较于债券融资,股票融资规模对地区经济增长的影响相对较小.     

资产误定价与资本结构动态调整——来自中国A股上市公司的经验证据

本文以2003～2016年A股上市公司为研究样本,从资本结构调整速度和资本结构偏离程度两个方面检验了资产误定价对资本结构动态调整的影响,并探讨了其影响路径。研究结果表明:资产误定价显著减小了实际资本结构与目标资本结构的偏离程度,资本结构调整速度也会相应加快;资产误定价通过权益融资方式影响了公司资本结构的动态调整。本文的研究结论为合理利用市场资源、推进供给侧改革和降低企业财务杠杠与融资成本提供了一定参考。     

我国商业银行资本管理新趋势对金融市场发展的影响

为吸取美国次贷金融危机的教训,一系列资本监管改革制度于2010年取得国际共识并逐步付诸实施。我国商业银行资本管理将呈现新的趋势,并影响到金融市场的发展：股票融资吸引力将上升,债券融资将有所萎缩,贷款转让、资产证券化市场将迎来新的发展机遇,信用债市场结构将面临调整。     

中国商业银行资本结构动态调整的影响因素研究

在国内金融市场逐渐走向世界的背景下,我国商业银行将面临着更加激烈的市场竞争环境。商业银行资本结构动态调整灵活性的高低,将影响商业银行能否得到健康发展。通过采用非线性最小二乘法对上市商业银行资本结构动态调整影响因素进行实证后发现,我国上市商业银行资本结构动态调整,与盈利能力、公司规模、成长性、市场竞争因素、经济增长呈现正相关性,与税负效应、不良贷款率、股权集中度、通货膨胀、股权流通性呈现负相关性,而与资产担保价值则无关;而在调整方向上则具有非对称性,资本结构向上调整的速度明显快于向下调整的速度。就不同类型银行而言,规模性因素、税收效应两个因素,对大型国有银行资本结构动态调整的影响比股份制银行以及城商行要显著,而不良贷款率的影响正好相反。就商业银行面临的市场竞争压力而言,所受的压力越大,其资本调整速度越快。因此,商业银行必须降低风险资产,提升银行资产的质量。国家层面,必须要发展债券市场,促进银行债权结构的改善;同时,适当改变监管政策,以促进商业银行间形成良性的市场竞争。     

股票发行体制改革后机构投资者在IPO中的定价效率研究

经济增长必然导致经济金融化水平的提高,直接融资手段逐渐打破银行信贷在企业融资中的支配地位,股票、债券在融资结构中的比例得以提高。中国正处于经济快速增长的时期,在此过程中经济金融化水平不断得以提高,股票融资在融资结构中发挥着愈发重要的作用,这有利于改善企业的资本结构,实现资源的优化配置,促进金融资源的有效开发和利用。然而股票市场中存在的种种问题束缚了股票市场的发展和壮     

监管约束下我国商业银行资本增长与融资行为

本文利用年报数据分析了资本要求对银行监管资本增长、融资形式和规模的影响。结果表明,银行面临的资本监管压力是其进行对外融资的直接动因,当监管压力越大时,资本增长越迅速。在外部融资形式的选择方面,银行更多采用股权融资补充核心资本,只有当银行面临的监管压力并不太大时,才更多地使用债券融资补充附属资本。此外,结果还表明银行为避免监管机构惩罚而建立的缓冲资本的数量影响了银行的股权融资规模。     

县级政府融资平台的风险量化分析及其对策研究——基于重庆市22个县的案例研究

政府融资平台是我国经济社会发展过程中政府投融资体制改革的创新成果,对促进地方经济增长及调整经济结构发挥了积极作用。根据地方政府级别的不同,可将地方政府融资平台划分为省、市级融资平台以及县级融资平台两类。与省、市级融资平台相比,县级融资平台成立较晚、治理结构尚未成熟、缺乏优质资产的注入、盈利能力     

我国金融租赁行业业绩评价与发展策略北大核心

金融租赁是推动产业升级创新、发展新兴产业、调整经济结构和促进社会投资的积极力量。通过模型构建金融租赁行业的业绩评价体系,以公开财务数据的金融租赁公司为样本展开调查研究,从资产增长、盈利能力、资本比率和融资状况等方面展开实证分析,评定金融租赁行业目前业绩。在此基础上,提出应深入拓展资产领域、优化创新业务模式、增加多元化创收手段、丰富融资渠道的发展策略,促使金融租赁行业能够更好服务实体经济。     

资本约束对商业银行资产配置行为的影响——基于175家商业银行数据的经验研究

本文使用1998～2009年我国175家商业银行的资产配置数据,研究了资本监管制度对银行资产配置行为的影响。本文发现,现行的资本监管制度对银行资产配置行为具有重要影响,资本监管制度实施之后,银行依据自身资本水平调整资产结构,资本充足银行持有更多的风险资产,贷款比例较高;而资本不足银行则减持风险资产,贷款比例下降。此外,由于不同规模商业银行面临的融资约束不同,资本水平对资产配置行为的影响存在一定的差异,资本对城市及农村商业银行的约束效应更明显。本文的这些发现为监管当局的资本监管政策提供了经验证据,并提出进行差异化监管的政策建议。     

Bayesian Premium Rating with Latent Structure

We propose a fully Bayesian approach to non-life risk premium rating, based on hierarchical models with latent variables for both claim frequency and claim size. Inference is based on the joint posterior distribution and is performed by Markov Chain Monte Carlo. Rather than plug-in point estimates of all unknown parameters, we take into account all sources of uncertainty simultaneously when the model is used to predict claims and estimate risk premiums. Several models are fitted to both a simulated dataset and a small portfolio regarding theft from cars. We show that interaction among latent variables can improve predictions significantly. We also investigate when interaction is not necessary. We compare our results with those obtained under a standard generalized linear model and show through numerical simulation that geographically located and spatially interacting latent variables can successfully compensate for missing covariates. However, when applied to the real portfolio data, the proposed models are not better than standard models due to the lack of spatial structure in the data.     

The development of the group accounts disclosure system in Japan

The Japanese disclosure system of consolidated statements was introduced in 1977 and extensively revised in 1997. The role of the bureaucracy has been significant in these developments and seems to be part of Japan's closed culture. However, other explanations could also be applied. In particular, although Japanese firms opposed such disclosures on the basis of preparation costs, the Japanese government had to modernize the disclosure system, including consolidation, in order to develop the securities market regardless of an individual company's interests.     

Moments of Compound Mixed Poisson Distributions

Recursive formulae are derived for the evaluation of the moments and the descending factorial moments about a point n of mixed Poisson and compound mixed Poisson distributions, in the case where the derivative of the logarithm of the mixing density can be written as a ratio of polynomials. As byproduct, we also obtain recursive formulae for the evaluation of the moments about the origin, central moments, descending and ascending factorial moments of these distributions. Examples are also presented for a number of mixing densities.     

The designing of corporate accounting law in Japan after the Second World War

After the Second World War, during the neutralization of the controlled economy of wartime Japan, a design for a Corporate Accounting Law was elaborated by the Investigation Committee on the Business Accounting System. The Investigation Committee tried to establish not only new business accounting standards but also a central and independent administrative organ of corporate accounting regulation on the basis of the Corporate Accounting Law. The Corporate Accounting Law was expected to lay the legal foundation of the new corporate accounting regulation regime in Japan. Nevertheless, even though the original design of the fundamental accounting law was never realized, it should be considered the starting point for our understanding of external accounting history in post-war Japan.     

The deliberation around accounting techniques: accounting for depreciation and foreign exchange in an Indian jute company, 1870-1900

This paper examines the way two accounting techniques, namely depreciation and foreign exchange, were deliberated on, between 1870 and 1900, in an Indian jute company whose shareholders resided in the UK. The arena for these deliberations was the conflictual relationship between controlling and non-controlling shareholders as to how best to account for depreciation and foreign exchange especially when the particular accountings affected distributional issues such as the dividend decision. The purpose of this paper is to analyse and explain the processes by which a company's accounting practices emerge and develop as a contest between different interests. Accounting framed the parameters of the deliberations and provided the language of power and dissent. The paper uses a rich archive that includes narrative and accounting material.     

Short-sale refinancing and price adjustment speed to bad news: Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment in China

Short selling may accelerate stock price adjustment to negative news. However, the literature provides mixed evidence for this prediction. Using short-sale refinancing and a staggered difference-in-differences (DID) model, this paper explores the effect of short selling on stock price adjustment. Our results show that (1) short-sale refinancing improves the speed of stock price adjustment to negative news. This result holds after we control for endogeneity. (2) The positive relationship between short-sale refinancing and stock price adjustment speed is significant in subsamples of stocks with higher earnings management or lower accuracy of analyst forecasts, indicating that firms with more opaque information are more likely to be targeted by short sellers. In subsamples of stocks with a higher ownership concentration or lower ownership by institutional investors, short selling is more likely to increase the speed of stock price adjustment, indicating that ownership structure may influence negative news mining. (3) As short-sale refinancing exacerbates the absorption of bad news by stock prices, it increases crash risk. This study enriches the research on the economic consequences of short selling and provides empirical evidence supporting regulations on short selling in China.     

Pricing Dynamic Insurance Risks Using the Principle of Equivalent Utility

We introduce an expected utility approach to price insurance risks in a dynamic financial market setting. The valuation method is based on comparing the maximal expected utility functions with and without incorporating the insurance product, as in the classical principle of equivalent utility. The pricing mechanism relies heavily on risk preferences and yields two reservation prices - one each for the underwriter and buyer of the contract. The framework is rather general and applies to a number of applications that we extensively analyze.     

Guidelines for Manuscripts Submitted to The China Journal of Accounting Research

正The China Journal of Accounting Research"CJAR"(ISSN 1755-3091)publishes quarterly.It contains peer-reviewed articles and commentaries on accounting,auditing and corporate governance issues that relate to the greater China region.We welcome the submission of both theoretical and empirical research papers pertinent to researchers,regulators and practitioners.Authors should note:1 Submissions must be original     

Guidelines for Manuscripts Submitted to The China Journal of Accounting Research

正The China Journal of Accounting Research"CJAR"(ISSN 1755-3091)publishes quarterly.It contains peer-reviewed articles and commentaries on accounting,auditing and corporate governance issues that relate to the greater China region.We welcome the submission of both theoretical and empirical research papers pertinent to researchers,regulators and practitioners.Authors should note:     

The China puzzle: Opportunities for accounting research

How can China achieve phenomenal economic growth despite what is considered as 'weak' institutions in market-based economies? Xu(2011) provides a framework to u...