大学计算机基础教学与计算思维能力培养

大学计算机基础教学的核心任务是培养学生"计算思维"及相关能力。本文通过分析大学计算机基础教学与计算思维能力培养之间的关系,探索培养学生运用计算机技术处理问题的思维模式的方法途径,而计算思维能力的培养如何真正融入基础教学,还有待进一步探索。     

基于计算思维的程序设计课程教学探讨

培养学生计算思维能力是计算机基础课程教学中的核心任务之一,而计算机程序设计课程在计算机能力培养方面发挥着极其重要的作用。本文就针对于如何培养学生计算思维能力的问题,在计算机程序设计课程的教学中,从转变教学观念、因类施教、任务驱动教学模式和实践环节等方面提出了具体的策略。     

信管专业计算机科学概论课程的教学改革实践

文章分析了信管专业计算机科学概论课程教学中存在的问题原因,提出了把培养学生计算思维能力作为主要目标的教学改革方案和实施措施。把培养计算思维能力与专业培养目标相结合、授课教师掌握一定的管理科学专业领域知识、选择管理科学领域中的实际问题作为教学案例等是促进教学改革成功的重要因素。     

算法设计与分析课程中的计算思维培养

计算思维是信息时代多学科人才应具有的基本素质,必须通过具有计算特点的核心课程的系统化学习和反复训练培养才能最终获得。本文以"算法设计与分析"课程为切入点,从理论和实践两个角度探索如何在核心课程教学过程中嵌入计算思维能力的培养,并围绕研究性教学的展开,从教学主体、教学内容、教学方法和教学评价四个方面阐述培养学生计算思维能力的教学改革过程。     

浅谈Excel教学中的计算思维培养

针对高校非计算机专业学生的计算机学习特点以及Excel课程教学现状,分析了Excel教学与计算思维培养的内在联系,从计算思维的内容、计算思维下Excel教学方案和实施两个方面,浅谈如何在Excel教学中培养学生的计算思维能力。     

在线性代数教学中培养学生数学思维

数学思维能力是指能够用数学的观点去思考问题和解决问题的能力。培养数学思维能力是学好数学并应用数学解决实际问题的关键。本文结合经管类学生特点和《线性代数》教学的需要,探讨了如何培养学生的数学思维能力,并根据具体的实例阐述了相应的教学方法。     

益智课堂与思维能力的培养

思维能力的培养对于中小学学生而言是极为重要的,可以说拥有良好的思维能力能够让学生受益终身。益智课堂是一种较为有效地培养中小学生思维能力的途径,通过各类益智器具以及一些益智游戏能够较为全面地对学生的思维能力进行开发与培养,思维能力的培养有着不同的侧面。例如创新思维能力、逆向思维能力、几何空间思维能力、推理思维能力、逻辑思维能力等等,这些思维能力均能够在益智课堂上得以开发和提高。不过益智课堂虽然对思维能力的培养是较为有效的,但是其在实行的过程中还存在着一些问题,必须对这些问题进行解决才能够真正对学生的思维能力进行培养,下面对益智课堂的注意事项以及其存在的问题和解决方法进行深入分析。     

如何培养小学生数学创新能力

在数学教学中,应注重学生创新能力的培养,为学生创设发展的空间,通过培养学生的直觉思维能力和求异思维能力,使学生善于创新,乐于创新。激发学生的创造欲望,从而提高学生的创新意识和创新能力,使学生对知识能够融汇贯通。     

系统工程教学中数学思维能力的培养

从系统工程对数学思维能力的需求出发,结合系统工程综合性强、系统性高、条理性弱的特点,在分析当代大学生数学思维能力现状的基础上,探究了系统工程教学中培养大学生数学思维能力的主要对策,即夯实数学理论基础、注重数学思想引导、强化数学思维模式,从而通过系统工程的教学使大学生的数学思维能力得到有效的培养。     

要重视小学生数学能力的培养

在小学数学教学中,教师要重视对学生初步教学能力的培养,使他们学会用数学知识以及合理、灵活地方法解决身边的问题.小学数学教学除了培养学生的观察力、记忆力、想象力、实践操作等一般能力外,还要结合数学知识的学习,培养他们的计算能力、初步的数学思维能力.以及运用所学知识解决实际问题的能力.     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.     

Sixty years of discrimination and diversity research in human resource management: A review with suggestions for future research directions

This article reviews discrimination and diversity research published in Human Resource Management (HRM) over the past 60 years. While discrimination and diversity are very different constructs, it is often informative to study them together, because when people recognize each other's diversity, this can result in bias, stereotyping, and discrimination. We conducted bibliographic searches for terms related to discrimination and diversity as well as a manual search through every title and abstract published in HRM over the last 60 years to assess article relevance. The search resulted in 135 research articles with 136 unique studies (i.e., samples) which are reviewed in this article. Sex and race are the demographics that have been examined the most in HRM, while religion has been examined the least. Moreover, the number of studies examining lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) employees in the workplace in HRM has grown quickly within the past 10 years, culminating in a recent meta‐analysis. Our review looks at some of the earliest research published, the most recent research published, and the overall trends we identified in the research over the years for both discrimination and diversity articles. We then make future research suggestions and recommendations to advance the study of discrimination and diversity in the coming years.     

Multinomial distributions applied to random sampling of particulate materials

When sampling a batch consisting of particulate material, the distribution of a sample estimator can be characterized using knowledge about the sample drawing process. With Bernoulli sampling, the number of particles in the sample is binomially distributed. Because this is rarely realized in practice, we propose a sampling design in which the possible samples have a nearly equal mass. Expected values and variances of the sample estimator are calculated. It is shown that the sample estimator becomes identical to the Horvitz–Thompson estimator in the case of a large batch-to-sample mass ratio and a large sample mass. Simulations and experiments were performed to test the theory. Simulations confirm that the round-off error due to the discrete nature of particles is negligible for large sample sizes. Sampling experiments were carried out with a mixture of PolyPropylene (PP) and PolyTetraFluorEthylene (PTFE) spheres suspended in a viscous medium. The measured and theoretical variations are in good agreement.