中哈原油管道流量计运行质量分析与评估

基于2年多中哈管道计量运行数据的积累,本文探索了利用首末站计量差异对计量运行状态进行评价和分析的方法,为进一步探讨改进国际原油管道计量运行质量,减少计量误差奠定了基础。     

雷达液位仪在进口管输原油计量中的应用

跨国长输管道进口原油通常采用流量计进行计量,遇到特殊情况时,为保证不问断输送,需采取其他方式进行计量.中哈输油管道(阿塔苏—阿拉山口)阿拉山口计量站遇到管道进行清管或3路流量计都发生故障这两种特殊情况时,通常使用两个5万方的储罐进行手工检尺计量,其中管道进行清管(中哈输油管道运营初期时有发生,平均每月一次)时,为避免管道内的杂质堵塞过滤网,影响流量计计量的准确性或损坏流量计,常采取停止使用流量计计量,通过旁通路将管输进口原油直接输入输油气站内的两座5万方的储罐,采取手工检尺的方式进行计量交接.     

我国石油长输管道存在问题及解决对策

石油长输管道的施工是一项比较重要的工程,但是在实际当中,长输管道施工管理过程当中还存在着许多问题,如管理人员能力差、成本控制效果、施工组织设计编制不科学以及管道的施工队伍素质比较差等。所以,论文对石油长输管道施工的重要性进行了分析,总结了我国石油长输管道存在的问题,并且提出了解决对策,进而促进我国石油长输管道工程持续健康的发展。     

中哈原油管道流量计量系统误差的主要来源分析及改进途径探讨

本文通过中哈管道2年多的数据积累分析,找出了减少误差,使计量数据更接近实际值的改进途径,为我国跨国原油管道的计量工作探索出有价值的方法。     

试析完善天然气行业输差管理的有效途径

近年来，随着天然气能源的不断开发利用，管道输送企业要提高经济效益就必须采用多种途径来降低输差，通过对影响天然气输差的各相关要素如管理体制、储气量计算误差等产生的原因进行分析，提出了如何完善管理体制、统一计算公式等降低输差的主要途径，本文则主要对天然气企业的输差管理的相关问题进行简单的探讨。     

陕西天然气长输管道价格研究

一、陕西天然气长输管道目前的经营及价格状况陕西天然气管道自 1 995年建设以来 ,已建成靖西、咸宝、西渭三条管道 ,总长 682 .1公里 ,总投资 1 1 .41亿元。经过五年的经营 ,至 2 0 0 1年 6月底已累计亏损2 .45亿元。尽管存在巨额亏损 ,但为解决冬季取暖调峰问题 ,又不得不投资 40 0 0多万元建设加压站 ,而这是只有投入没有产出。造成亏损的主要原因 :一是实际用量远远小于管道容量 ;二是管输成本中 95%属固定成本 ;三是管输价格 ,在用气量、成本都难以改变的情况下 ,影响效益的就是价格。所以 ,研究长输管道管输价格问题就显得尤为重要。…     

天然气长输管道运行中的风险及控制

天然气长输管道行业是个高危行业,安全生产和科学管理至关重要,本文作者结合自己多年的天然气长输管道安全生产管理经验,具体介绍了影响长输管道安全平稳运行的风险因素,以及长输管道风险控制及安全措施。     

长输管道焊接过程中相关问题和技术的初探

本文对长输管道的焊接技术等方面进行了详细介绍。首先介绍了长输管道的特点及发展状况,针对长输管道焊接技术的发展现状和发展对策提出了建议,同时介绍了管道焊接新技术的未来发展方向,具有一定的研究价值。     

某城市燃气门站工艺及仪表控制方案设计

某城市燃气分输站项目充分利用管道天然气替换人工煤气,保障了市民的供气安全与稳定,改善了人居环境,该项目的建设顺应国家能源变革的方向,与我国能源结构发展的趋势相一致,具有良好的发展前景。     

天然气长输管道焊接裂纹及防范对策研究

主要深入分析天然气长输管道焊接裂纹特征以及产生原因的基础上,就如何防范天然气长输管道焊接裂纹的产生提出了几点建设性意见,以期对提高天然气长输管道焊接质量、确保天然气传输、使用的安全性有所裨益。     

海洋垂线偏差对海基站空间目标定位精度的影响

在处理海基站跟踪空间目标的测量数据时,需要将瞬时站址惯导地平坐标系（垂线坐标系）转换至当地法线坐标系,这一过程需要使用当地重力垂线偏差数据。因航天远洋测量船深处远离大陆的大洋,缺少所需的垂线偏差数据,因而常将垂线坐标系当成法线坐标系使用,从而对海基站目标空间定位精度产生了影响。〖JP2〗在发射坐标系和J2000地心惯性坐标系下,分析了考虑和不考虑垂线偏差因素的模型差异,并且对发射段、运行段等不同飞行高度的空间目标进行了定位精度仿真计算,给出了垂线偏差对空间目标定位精度影响的初步结论。结果表明,当垂线偏差横向、纵向分为10″时,空间目标定位精度的影响最大能达200 m。因此,数据处理时必须对测量数据进行海洋垂线偏差修正。     

Do young managers in a developing country have stronger entrepreneurial intentions? Theory and debate

We examine whether the young managers in a developing country have stronger entrepreneurial intention than those in a developed country, within the context of the Theory of Planned Behavior. This study is based on the data from two distinct and strategically important countries: India and Japan. We analyze the linkage between entrepreneurial intention, country culture and proactive behavior. We postulate a theoretical model to incite others to pursue further research. Bateman and Crant’s (1993) questionnaire was used for the measurement of the aforementioned variables. We found that the managers in a developing country need not have stronger entrepreneurial intentions.     

外弹道测量多测速元数据融合同步修正方法

采用数据融合算法完成高精度外弹道测量对各测元时间同步有着严格的技术要求。在分析时间不同步对融合弹道测速精度的影响基础上,分析了引起无线电测速时间不同步的因素,并构建了有效的数学修正模型。针对融合弹道速度异常超差现象,依据对测速误差理论模型公式和无线电测速原理分析结果,提出基于各测量设备测速数据解算模型的积分点移位和传播延迟修正模型算法,并应用于潜射弹的数据融合同步修正。工程应用结果表明,融合弹道偏差优于0.04 m/s,较修正前精度提高了4倍以上。由于陆基无线电测量系统的测距、测角具有类似的时间不同步特征,因此该模型也可作为多测元融合弹道解算过程中的一般方法推广使用。     

Cultural influences on future transportation technology usage: The role of personal innovativeness,technology anxiety and desire

This study develops and validates a model, based on personal cultural values theory and psychological research, in relation to technology adoption. The model focuses specifically on the future use of on-demand air mobility (ODAM), which is expected to have significant implications for city commuting and personal well-being in the years ahead. We use a path modelling approach, in addition to recently advanced analytical methods such as the finite mixture partial least squares (FIMIX-PLS), measurement invariance of composite models (MICOM) and multi-group analysis, to validate the model using a data set of 627 young consumers from the Czech Republic. The research model explains 45.2% variation in the future use of ODAM using our global model. This variance explained in the future use of ODAM increases to 62.3% and 64.5% respectively, when we segment our data set into two groups. The results also show that tradition has significant influence on technology anxiety, personal innovativeness and desire to use ODAM. Independence positively affects personal innovativeness but not the desire to use ODAM. We also find that technology anxiety influences the desire to use, which in turn influences the future use of ODAM. However, we find group differences in the influence of ambiguity intolerance on technology anxiety, desire and personal innovativeness. Thus, the study also evaluates the existence of significant differences between two groups in our data set. Overall, the study suggests that individual cultural values play a particularly important role in influencing the future use of ODAM through psychological characteristics. The research implications of the study are discussed in the article.     

A correlated uniqueness model of service quality measurement among users of cloud-based service platforms

This research furthers understanding of whether consumers of cloud-based service platforms can distinguish between gap theory dimensions (i.e., expectation and performance) on these platforms. We build upon and extend the work of (Natesan and Aerts, 2016) by applying confirmatory factor analysis on gap scores from survey data to develop and test an improved approach of measuring service system quality in cloud-based service platforms. Using the IS-adapted SERVQUAL instrument, we apply the correlated uniqueness model, which is part of the multitrait-multimethod (MTMM) framework, to evaluate the validity of using GAP scores and account for the effect of the method. There is significant support for method effects as shown by our suggested model paths in the trait convergent validity model with medium-large factor coefficients. Additionally, the fit of the correlated uniqueness model indicates respondents can distinguish between the gap theory dimensions of the IS-adapted SERVQUAL instrument. The praxis of service quality measurement could benefit by using our measurement approach of incorporating error correlations.     

基于历史信息的雷达测量精度等效评估方法

飞行器发射试验前需要评估测量设备的精度。针对无校飞实验条件下的雷达测量精度评估问题，提出了一种等效精度评估方法，利用历次试验的测量数据和试验前的测试数据评估参试雷达的测量精度。分析了雷达的测量信号流程，建立了检测信息、测试信息到测量精度映射的因子合成回归模型，给出了历次测试信息一致性的秩和非参数检验方法，在测试信息一致的前提下等效评估当前的测量精度。经飞行试验测量数据验证，所提方法对雷达的测量精度评估结果与实际精度的符合性较好，可用于无校飞试验条件下技术状态稳定的雷达精度评估。     

Behavioural factors in young people's fruit consumption

This study aims to find out the determinant factors affecting fruit consumption behaviour in Portuguese young people, based on the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) model, and determine if this model explains differences according to gender, age and rural/urban environments. This research is innovative because it tests the HAPA model with young people, and because it adds social support to the HAPA model as an extra predictor of young people's behaviour. To gather the data, a questionnaire survey was applied in two public schools, one in a rural area and the other in a city. The survey was answered by 266 Portuguese young people, aged 15–21 years, from the 10th to the 12th grades. Authorization for the survey was given in advance, from the Ministry of Education, schools and parents, after which the survey was performed. Before applying the questionnaire, two pre‐tests were carried out, each with ten participants and with similar characteristics to the population studied. This study analyses action self‐efficacy, outcome expectancies, action planning, risk perception, intention, maintenance self‐efficacy and social support variables. The result was obtained through a two‐step process, by determining the measurement and structural model, using Smart PLS 2.0. The results show that young females have more factors determining fruit consumption, with greater social support for action self‐efficacy, greater maintenance self‐efficacy through action self‐efficacy, and greater perception of risk regarding fruit consumption. In terms of age, young people over 16 years present greater outcome expectations for the intention, greater perception of risk and action self‐efficacy for fruit consumption. The multi‐group analysis referring to differences between young people living in rural or urban environments did not show proof of the model giving a better explanation of one situation or the other. It can be concluded that the HAPA model is appropriate to the investigation of behaviour factors that influence young people's fruit consumption. The results also indicate that in the scope of the behaviour analysed the proposed model gives a better explanation for females and for those over 16 years.     

Finding critical success factors for virtual community marketing

Previous studies have identified critical success factors related to using virtual communities as a marketing channel. These studies have followed two research trends that connect the virtual community to actual purchasing. One is finding relationships between the operational elements of a virtual community and members’ intent to purchase and the other is finding relationships between characteristics of virtual community members and their intent to purchase. The model for this study reflects both trends. In addition, the model reflects research related to factors of customer satisfaction and the measurement of marketing success in terms of sense of community and loyalty. Conclusions from this research have been verified empirically with survey data collected from 292 virtual community members representing nine profit-oriented virtual communities. This study confirms that operational elements of a virtual community and characteristics of virtual community members affect the success of virtual community marketing. It is also confirmed that perceptions of usefulness, trust, and commitment toward the virtual community are important intervening effects. However, not all factors studied in the model were found to be significant in relationship to successful virtual community marketing. The analysis of the results from this study should be helpful to practitioners who use virtual communities as a marketing channel.     

一种对流层散射通信斜延迟估计方法

为实现对流层散射通信的实时性，针对散射通信延迟估计问题，提出了一种不事先进行信道测量的对流层通信延迟计算方法。首先利用全球压力和温度2（GPT2）模型计算气象数据，然后采用射线描迹法对大气层分层并积分求和，最后计算出对流层散射通信延迟。采用与射线描迹法相结合的方法，摆脱了射线描迹法对探空数据的依赖。最后选取我国三个典型测量站数据进行算例分析，计算结果与我国对流层延迟实际分布特征相吻合，为研究在不事先进行信道测量的情况下计算对流层散射通信延迟量提供了一种新思路。     

Entrepreneurial Orientation versus Small Business Orientation: What Are Their Relationships to Firm Performance?

This study examines the constructs of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) versus small business orientation (SBO), their impact on small business performance, and whether these effects are moderated by longevity. A sample of 267 small business owners from 11 small–medium downtowns was used in structural equation modeling (SEM) testing of the measurement, structural and moderation hypotheses. The measurement confirmatory factor analyses models of the two constructs revealed that EO and SBO are unique constructs. Then a structural model predicting performance was tested. Finally, a two‐group model split on “below 11 years” versus “11+ years” demonstrated that the structural paths connecting EO and SBO to performance are not the same in these groups: for the younger group, only EO significantly predicts performance while for the older group, only SBO significantly predicts performance.