愈创木酚-邻苯二酚精馏塔的模拟和控制

利用Aspen Plus对愈创木酚-邻苯二酚精馏过程进行稳态模拟。通过优化设计,得出经济塔板数、最优进料位置、摩尔回流比、最优温度灵敏板等重要工艺数据。并进一步利用Aspen Dynamics进行动态控制模拟,研究进料流量扰动对精馏塔灵敏板温度、塔顶采出量、塔釜采出量、再沸器热负荷和产品组成的影响,模拟结果能够对精馏塔的现实生产与控制方法提供详实的基础数据和指导。     

Aspen Plus模拟软件在化工领域的应用研究进展

文章主要综述了Aspen Plus模拟软件的应用方法、技术特点以及在化工领域中的应用研究进展,并对开展Aspen Plus模拟工作提出了建议,为企业优化工艺流程、提高经济效益提供依据。     

化工设计中流程模拟软件Aspen Plus的使用

化工设计流程模拟软件是一款集化工设计、动态模拟以及各类计算于一体的极其强大的功能性软件。Aspen Plus在化工设计过程中得到普遍的应用,极大提升了我国化工领域工艺流程等方面的设计效率和水平。为此,本文就以A spen Plus软件的特点和优势进行介绍,并详细说明Aspen Plus在化工设计领域中突出的表现和运用的具体方法。     

裂解汽油加氢装置的节能改造方案

本文介绍了裂解汽油加氢装置节能改造的背景,从优化利用装置反应热入手,采用Aspen Plus流程模拟软件对裂解汽油加氢装置的换热流程进行模拟,并分析了装置用能中存在的问题,提出了节能改造方案。     

基于Aspen Hysys软件在东胜气田天然气物态系统的分析应用

东胜气田地面工程采用"井口不加热、不注醇,中低压集气,带液计量,井间串接,常温分离,二级增压集中处理"集气工艺,在初期设计中的每个节点以及后期系统运行优化均需要借助软件进行模拟仿真,文章就Aspen Hysys软件在东胜气田天然气集输的物态分析等方面进行模拟分析,充分挖掘软件在实际生产中的指导应用。     

苯乙烯装置分离单元流程模拟与优化

研究围绕某公司苯乙烯装置生产线展开,苯乙烯装置分离单元流程模拟采用Aspen Plus流程模拟软件实现,以此为流程的优化提供依据。通过优化苯乙烯分离单元工艺参数,各塔再沸器和冷凝器负荷均出现一定下降,苯乙烯产品质量分数也实现一定程度提升,研究的现实意义可见一斑。     

Aspen模拟不常见物质的物性估算

利用Aspen Plus软件提供的物性估算功能,计算丙烯酸叔丁酯的物性,从而模拟分离、提纯过程,确定工艺条件,得到理想的产物结果。     

青霉素生产废液处理工艺改进

对青霉素废液中醋酸丁酯回收过程中酯含量偏低的问题进行了研究,提出了解决办法,通过生产验证证明改进后的工艺可以有效地提高回收醋酸丁酯的酯含量.     

热轧钢球质量管理

应用Minitab软件,对热轧锻造钢球质量数据进行质量控制分析。通过对质量数据的正态性检验控制图以及箱线图进行分析,判断出生产过程中钢球淬火处理是影响钢球质量的关键因素。利用ANSYS有限元分析软件对钢球淬火过程温度场进行有限元模拟分析,得到钢球温度随淬火时间变化的分布关系和钢球不同部位的温度分布情况。     

醋酸丁酯生产设备腐蚀及对策分析

醋酸丁酯的生产过程是一个极其复杂的生产过程,一直以来众多专家学者都致力于研究降低其生产设备的腐蚀强度。本文着眼于影响醋酸丁酯生产设备腐蚀的几个因素:原材料本身的腐蚀性、生产工艺的特点以及人员操作的行为,并在此基础上提出了解决醋酸丁酯生产设备腐蚀的对策。通过对醋酸丁酯生产设备的腐蚀的研究,最终可以降低企业的生产成本、增加企业的效益。     

The dynamics of industrial organization

This paper introduces the special issue of The Review of Industrial Organization on ‘The Dynamics of Industrial Organization’. What binds these papers together is a focus on markets in motion—the process by which new firms enter an industry, either grow and survive, or else ultimately exit out of the industry. In contrast to more traditional static analyses, the concern of these papers is identifying where do firms come from and what happens subsequent to their entry. Influences of geographic as well as product space are found to exert an influence on the dynamics of industrial organization.

     

On Welfare Losses Due to Imperfect Competition

Corporate managers and executive compensation in many industries place significant emphasis on measures of firm size, such as sales revenue or market share. Such objectives have an important—yet thus far unquantified—impact on market performance. With n symmetric firms, equilibrium welfare losses are of order 1/n⁴, and thus vanish extremely quickly. Welfare losses are less than 5% for many empirically relevant market structures, despite significant firm asymmetry and industry concentration. They can be estimated using only basic information on market shares. These results also apply to oligopsonistic competition (e.g., for retail bank deposits) and strategic forward trading (e.g., in restructured electricity markets).     

30万吨燃料乙醇装置仿真培训系统的开发

介绍了燃料乙醇仿真系统软、硬件的结构,着重阐明了它的设计思想和技术特色;标准、适用、灵活是该系统的最重要的特点;实现了全流程的仿真;该系统既可用于培训,还可用于运行指导.     

山楂多糖分散片的制备及质量控制

为优化山楂多糖分散片的制备工艺,对其进行了质量控制。在单因素试验的基础上,以崩解时间为评价指标,选用压片压力、崩解剂用量、乙醇溶液浓度为因素,利用正交试验对山楂多糖分散片的制备工艺进行优化;按照《中华人民共和国药典》的方法,对主药含量、崩解时间、分散均匀性、溶出度等指标进行测定,以期对山楂多糖分散片的质量进行控制。得到山楂多糖分散片的最优制备工艺如下:采用交联聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮(PVPP)为崩解剂,碳酸钙为填充剂,体积分数为65%的乙醇溶液为黏合剂,滑石粉为润滑剂,压片的压力为6kg。研究表明,该分散片每片含山楂多糖40mg,崩解时间为65s,分散均匀性良好,15min溶出度为标示量的75.40%。     

-5-巯基-1H-四氮唑的制备

介绍了一种1-[2-(N,N-二甲基氨基)乙基]-5-巯基-1H-四氮唑(DMMT)的合成方法。2-(N,N-二甲基氨基)乙胺与二硫化碳反应,制得取代的2-(N,N-二甲基氨基)乙胺基二硫代羧酸;2-(N,N-二甲基氨基)乙胺基二硫代羧酸与氯甲酸乙酯反应,得到2-(N,N-二甲基氨基)乙胺基二硫代羧酸与乙氧基甲酸的二硫代酸酐;二硫代酸酐再经三乙胺碱解,制得2-(N,N-二甲基氨基)乙基异硫氰酸酯;2-(N,N-二甲基氨基)乙基异硫氰酸酯与叠氮化钠反应,制得目标产物1-[2-(N,N-二甲基氨基)乙基]-5-巯基-1H-四氮唑(DMMT)。产物以N,N-二甲基氨基乙胺计,收率为48.0%。采用该法,能够方便地制得1-[2-(N,N-二甲基氨基)乙基]-5-巯基-1H-四氮唑,产物收率高,反应条件温和,操作过程简便,三废少,环境污染小。     

Economic design of an chart for short-run production

The aim of this paper is to present an economical design of an X chart for a short-run production. The process mean starts equal to μ₀ (in-control, State I) and in a random time it shifts to μ₁>μ₀ (out-of-control, State II). The monitoring procedure consists of inspecting a single item at every m produced ones. If the measurement of the quality characteristic does not meet the control limits, the process is stopped, adjusted, and additional (r-1) items are inspected retrospectively. The probabilistic model was developed considering only shifts in the process mean. A direct search technique is applied to find the optimum parameters which minimizes the expected cost function. Numerical examples illustrate the proposed procedure.     

Formal business process engineering based on graph grammars

Designing and managing a company's specific landscape and its business processes has been identified as a great challenge for several years. Business processes are highly dynamic and distributed and can only rarely be planned, modeled and analyzed completely. For a computer-aided business process system, which supports the designing and managing process, first of all a powerful uniform formalism is necessary, where all necessary knowledge concerning company's and its processes can be represented. In this paper we will concentrate on the introduction of such a formal methodology to describe business processes, company organization structures and information technology structures in one uniform formalism. The ideas we use are mainly based on methods from graph grammars, process management, Artificial Intelligence and business process (re)engineering.     

一种新型Ku频段三路功率分配/合成网络

为突破传统2<sup>n路功率合成/分配单元的局限性,实现更灵活的合成/分配，采用波导E-T节不等功分结构，设计出一款新型Ku频段三路功率分配/合成网络。通过等分一分二后，进行不等分一分二来实现一分三功能，采用感性柱来调节阻抗匹配，使用三维电磁仿真软件HFSS进行仿真验证，仿真结果良好。对加工而成的实物进行测试，实测结果与仿真结果基本一致，将2支三路功率分配/合成器进行背靠背连接时，在13.75～14.5 GHz频带范围内插入损耗小于0.1 dB，回波损耗大于13 dB。所设计的三路功率分配/合成网络与传统分支波导三路波导功分器相比，不需要额外的相位补偿链路，传输损耗低，驻波特性好，效率高，易于加工，具有良好的工程应用价值，对固态功率合成具有重要意义。     

On Reliability Evaluation of Multistate Weighted k-out-of-n System Using Present Value

A new reliability evaluation methodology for multistate weighted k-out-of-n systems is presented in this article. The present value of the cash flow generated by the system components is used as a reliability value. We take a financial view of reliability and consider functioning periods and the time value of money in system reliability analysis. Two approaches, the universal generating function (UGF) and recursive algorithm, are applied to evaluate the reliability of the multistate weighted k-out-of-n system. An illustrative example is calculated based on the proposed system reliability evaluation methodology. It is shown that this evaluation method can also be used to find the value of the maintenance policy. Finally, the UGF and recursive algorithm approaches are compared with each other for large system reliability assessment.     

The Mediating Role of Strategic Orientations on the Relationship between Ambidexterity‐Oriented Decisions and Innovative Ambidexterity

Building on upper echelon theory and strategic process theory, this article analyzes the relationship between ambidexterity‐oriented decisions and innovative ambidexterity. While ambidexterity‐oriented decisions embrace the capability of top management teams to manage contradictory strategic directions, namely adaptability and alignment, innovative ambidexterity captures the ability of firms to simultaneously develop discontinuous and incremental innovations. In addition to the direct relationship between ambidexterity‐oriented decisions and innovative ambidexterity, it is argued that innovation orientation and cost orientation denote two cultural implementation mechanisms that mediate this effect. Using two top‐executive data sets collected in the United States (n = 83) and India (n = 78), the empirical analysis shows that innovation orientation and cost orientation partially mediate the direct influence of ambidexterity‐oriented decisions on innovative ambidexterity, thus further explaining how formulated decisions made by the top management team nurture ambidextrous innovation behavior. Hence, this article extends prior literature that emphasizes a positive influence of top managers on innovation through incorporating an organizational ambidexterity perspective. Second, this study contributes to ambidexterity literature through integrating strategic process theory. While ambidexterity‐oriented decisions primarily relate to strategy formulation, innovation orientation and cost orientation are associated with strategy implementation. The results show that both strategic subprocesses are vital in enabling ambidextrous innovation behavior. Third, an operationalization for the ability of top management to balance adaptability‐ and alignment‐oriented decisions is provided based on prior literature.