四川的经济增长：得自周边地区的溢出效应（下）

2．3单位根检验和因果检验 在作进一步分析前．必须检验时间序列变量的平稳性。这里用Dickey和Fuller的增广单位根（ADF）检验各变量的平稳性。结果如表6所示。我们发现。各变量序列水平是平稳的．[第一段]     

协整还是协变:来自中国进出口时间序列的经验证据(1950-2004)

结构突变是经典计量经济学所面临的难题之一,也是当前国际计量经济学界的一个前沿热点问题.本文采用带有内生结构突变的单位根检验,判定我国进出口时间序列服从具有两次结构变动的趋势平稳过程,而不是单位根过程.在此基础上进一步建立了同期协同结构突变向量自回归模型,即协变模型,得出了一些与常规的协整分析不同的结论,该模型具有更强的解释能力和更好的预测效果.     

汇率与股票价格关系的实证研究

为了考察汇率和股价的动态关系，文章分别对汇率和股价在股权分置改革之前、股权分置改革之后和汇率制度改革之前以及汇率制度改革之后两个变量序列进行单位根检验、10hansen协整检验、因果关系检验，然后建立向量误差修正模型（VEC）。研究发现，只在汇率制度改革之后人民币兑美元的汇率、人民币兑港币的汇率分别与上证综指序列在滞后一天呈现短期显著关系；在三个阶段我国都存在汇率到股价的单向因果关系。     

中国电信服务省际外溢效应空间面板模型的平稳性分析

文章将针对横截面回归空间平稳性的two—stepLM检验方法拓展到空间面板情形,用以对空间面板的虚假回归和面板模型的空间单位根和空间协整进行检验,该检验的突出优点是具有灵活性和稳健性;能够将空间面板模型中单个变量空间单位根检验和整个模型的非平稳性检验统一起来,最后,文章采用two—stepLM法对我国电信服务外溢性的相关计量模型进行了空间平稳性分析。     

经济不发达地区银行信贷与经济增长关系的实证研究——基于1978-2006年青海省数据的分析

本文基于1978-2006年的青海省数据，选取银行信贷总额、中长期信贷、国内生产总簋作为变量．以单位根检验、协整检验和葛兰杰因果检验等计量方法。对不发达地区银行信贷与经济增长关系问题进行了研究。     

改革开放30年广东省经济增长的实证分析——基于结构突变理论

文章详细剖析结构突变理论并具体表述了内外生结构突变的单位根和趋势稳定的检验。在此基础上,运用结构突变理论,对广东省生产总值指数的数据生成过程进行了实证研究,结果表明,其数据生成过程具备结构突变的趋势平稳过程。同时,利用内、外生结构突变的单位根检验,寻找到其内、外生结构变化点。     

基于VAR模型大豆期货价格发现功能的实证研究

文章基于VAK模型对大豆的期货市场的价格发现功能进行了ADF单位根检验、Johansen协整检验、Granger因果检验、误差修正模型等实证分析.结果表明:大豆现货价格序列与期货价格序列为非平稳序列;它们之间存在显著的长期均衡关系;二者存在双向的价格引导关系;期货市场的价格发现功能得到了较好的发挥.     

我国煤炭价格与原油价格关系的协整研究

运用单位根检验和协整检验方法,研究我国2007—2011年6月煤炭价格和原油价格的时间序列特征以及两个市场价格之间长期关系。研究发现,我国煤炭价格和原油价格均为非平稳时间序列,但两者之间不具有协整关系。     

电力消费和经济增长：来自中国的证据

对1971—2009年中国人均实际GDP和人均耗电量的Zivot-Andrews单位根检验表明,两序列都是带有结构突变的趋势平稳过程,所以,采用两种方法检验两者间的因果关系:基于VAR的Dolado-Lütkepo检验,和基于去势数据的Granger因果检验。两种检验都取得了从人均耗电量到人均实际GDP的单向因果关系的有力证据。这意味着电力供应对满足日益增长的用电量,从而维持中国经济增长是至关重要的。     

新疆科技产出对区域经济增长的影响实证研究——基于VAR模型

以新疆生产总值GDP作为衡量经济增长指标,将科技产出指标在科技成果、技术扩散和销售能力3个层次上分为6个二级指标。首先对科技产出指标和GDP进行相关性分析,其次对GDP和6个二级指标进行平稳性检验和差分处理,建立时间序列的3个VAR模型,运用Eviews软件对模型进行单位根检验和Engle-Granger 协整检验,得出通过检验的模型,对模型进行单变量脉冲响应和方差分解分析,得到高新技术产业企业数和专利授权数对GDP的贡献度。最后针对新疆未来经济高质量、健康和稳步发展提出对策建议。     

On the Major Transformation of the Asia-Pacific Regional Structure北大核心CSSCISSCI

Recent years have witnessedsignificant changes in the Asia-Pacific regionalstructure featuring the shift in power balance among related countries as well as adjust-ments in their respective regional strategies. So what is the prevailing trend in thistransformation and what kind of regional order will likely emerge in the future？ To an-swer these questions, the paper tries to explore the following dimensions： the evolvingregional context, shift in power balance and power conversion, geo-political and geo-e-conomic developments and interactions between them, and evolving regional order. Asthe study shows, the broadening of regional geographical scope, the rise in the numberof actors involved, as well as changesin the relations among them, have combined tocast a pluralistic and complex flavor to the regional structure. While the power balanceamong China, the United States and Japan shifts, and power conversion is also occur-ring. China and Japan are paying increasing attention to their security roles, whereasthe United States under the Obama administration laid more stress on expanding itsgeo-economic clout. In spite of the intensifying geopolitical competition among China,the United States and Japan in recent years, a Sino-US strategic compromise-whichholds the key to regional geopolitics-isother front, some kind of geo-economicmore likely to take place in the future. On thecooperation will probably emerge. In the longerterm, it will be the geo-economic trend thatwill prevail over the geopolitical trend inthe region. Finally, the future evolution of regional order wiI1 mainly follow the eco-nomic logic, accompanied by the dilutionof its hegemonic and hierarchical nature.Hence, a pluralistic and complex regional community will emerge.     

Organization and incentives in the age of sail

The British Navy in the age of sail was the most successful bureaucracy of its time. Its organization and incentive structures differed importantly from contemporaneous private sailing ventures, but closely resembled those of today’s large corporations. To induce efficient effort, the navy used a hierarchical tournament, in which sailors competed for higher pay that came with promotions based on relative performance. Promotion probabilities, the option value of future promotions, and the higher effort required of men in higher ranks and on larger vessels, combined to yield a highly skewed pay structure.     

The German Hanse and Bergen – new perspectives on an old subject

Abstract

The Hanseatic League and her kontors (trading posts) were an integral part of the medieval trade system in Northern Europe. Hanse merchants dominated many markets in this region and managed to maintain a monopoly-like role in towns like Novgorod and Bergen for many centuries. Consequently, one focus of historical research about the Hanseatic League lay on the mechanisms that enabled the Hanse merchants to keep that strong of a position for such a long time.

This article is part of the discussion about this topic. Based on Lübeck merchants with business interest in the Norwegian town of Bergen, the so-called Bergenfahrers (Bergen travellers), it will give new insights into the Hansards' economical and social organization. The three main points are (a) the integration of the Bergen market in the Hanseatic trade network as an intermediary trading place on the vivid East–West route of Hanse trade; (b) the importance of the Bergenfahrers within the Hanse merchants' economical, social and political networks; and (c) the structure of the Bergenfahrers network patterns in the late Middle Ages.

In addition to new insights into the important role of Bergen and the Bergenfahrers within Lübeck's and the other Wendish Hanse towns' trading system, this articles provides further proof for the usefulness of the methods of Social Network Analysis in medieval economic research.     

Financial Reporting and Trade Credit: Evidence from Mandatory IFRS Adoption*

We investigate the effect of mandatory IFRS adoption on trade credit. We document that firms in countries that adopt IFRS receive more trade credit from their suppliers, consistent with improved financial reporting quality and comparability playing a role in facilitating informal financing. This increase is larger for countries with a low level of societal trust, a poor pre‐IFRS‐adoption information environment, and stronger legal enforcement. These cross‐sectional results suggest that the conditions under which higher‐quality information is made publicly available affect suppliers' decisions to provide trade credit. This increase is also larger for firms with greater exposure to foreign markets, a finding that highlights the importance of more comparable international financial reporting standards in facilitating cross‐country trade credit. We also find that IFRS adoption has a stronger positive effect on trade credit for firms with greater liquidity needs. Finally, we find that firms in countries that adopt IFRS also extend more trade credit to their customers. Overall, our results support the notion that financial reporting can have a causal effect on trade credit.     

中俄经济技术合作面临新机遇

中俄在十年内把各自的GDP翻一番的目标,为发展中俄经济技术合作提供了机遇.仅仅依靠商品贸易的增长很难大幅度提升中俄经贸关系,需要全面开展经济技术合作,特别是加强在自然资源开发、跨国投资、军工技术和产品贸易领域的合作.     

Integrated educational management for the universities

The research model investigates the integrated form of educational management for the universities. To enhance the operations, generate quality outcomes for the well-being of the society, this exploratory study depicts the two wings for the universities in four aspects including education development, education assessment, research development and research assessment. For the better understanding of education and research wings of the universities, the researchers identify different factors namely programs establishments, university culture, faculty capabilities and facilities those have been formularized by the structural equation modeling （SEM） through AMOS. The survey questionnaire was developed and analyzed the reliability and validity of the tools. The conceptual model for the universities provides a novel approach for decision makers to review and appraise their performance toward fulfillment of ultimate goals, i.e. producing high-caliber graduates and high-impact research outcomes for the betterment of the society. This research represents two contributions to the society including human resource contribution and research contribution.     

INFRASTRUCTURE POLICY IN INDONESIA, 1965–2015: A SURVEY

This survey, first, provides an overview of the main developments in the infrastructure sector in Indonesia during the past five decades and, second, considers what the main policy and management bottlenecks in infrastructure appear to be. The overview of main developments indicates that, in broad terms, most parts of the sector have expanded considerably but that the needs remain acute for further expansion and for attention to the maintenance of existing facilities. Demand for infrastructure is high, especially since the regulated prices set for infrastructure services are often low. Access is often difficult, however, because of shortages of infrastructure, and quality is often unsatisfactory because of poor maintenance and indifferent management. These problems of access are exacerbated by the regulation of prices. This overview also points to the markedly different performances of industries in which pro-competitive policies have been applied and those in which more traditional policies of close regulation have restricted the operation of markets.