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自然资源国家所有权是中国自然资源物权研究中的冷门。面对全球性的资源环境问题及可持续发展问题,当代自然资源国家所有权制度正在经历巨大的变迁,其主要趋势是:意识形态影响已日趋淡化,更多考虑自然资源自身的特点,因而不同国家的自然资源国家所有权制度表现出一定的趋同性;以自然资源的属性及其用途为标准,将国有自然资源分为"国家公产"与"国家私产"进行分类调整的趋势;公法和私法相结合的多元化调整趋势。这些新趋势为反思我国自然资源国家所有权制度的性质与功能提供有益借鉴。 相似文献
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1999年十五届四中全会决定要求“建立和健全国有企业经营者的激励和约束机制”,明确了国有企业可以“试行经理(厂长)年薪制、持有股权等分配方式”。在这一政策引导下,经营者股票期权制度,作为在所有权和经营权分离之下激励经营者为公司长期发展努力工作的一种薪酬激励制度,开始步入我国公司改革的进程。 相似文献
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代理成本来自于所有权与控制权的分离,代理成本降低了企业的经营效率和资源配置效率,不利于企业的运行发展,而此问题在我国国有上市公司中尤为明显。本文从优化资源配置的视角,以国有IPO公司为样本,分析了国有企业因所有权与控制权的完全分离带来的代理问题,并提出政策性建议,从股权制衡、股权激励以及薪酬激励方面降低代理成本,提高经营效率,优化国有公司治理策略。 相似文献
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公司治理结构是随着以所有权和经营权分离为基本特征的现代企业而产生的,其核心内容就是解决经营者的激励和监督机制问题,而不同国家的政治经济文化孕育出了不同的解决方法,由此导致世界上不同的公司治理结构模式。在上个世纪90年代初,中国将建立现代企业制度作为国有企业改革的核心内容。与众多转轨国家一样,为了在最短时间内建立起现代企业制度,中国采取了法律移植战略——引进了美国式的股东利益至上模式,但是,由于中国缺乏相应的政治文化和经济基础, 相似文献
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我国上市公司的管理者激励与股票期权的市场约束研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
在现代公司中 ,因所有权和经营权的分离产生的“委托—代理”问题 ,使对企业经理人员的激励成了制约公司发展中的重要内容 ;股票期权激励是西方市场上的一种典型的针对公司管理人员的经济激励制度 ,我国应分析这种制度的发展状况和在我国运用的市场环境和制度约束 ,使其在我国得到发展 相似文献
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经营者股票期权激励制度探究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
经营者股票期权制度作为西方企业对公司管理层进行长期激励约束的重要制度形式,自引入中国以来,对我国国有企业经营者激励约束机制的建立起到了重要的作用。从经营者股票期权激励制度推行的现实意义着手,分析了我国企业推行股票期权激励制度存在的问题,提出了相应的解决对策。 相似文献
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邱秋 《湖北商业高等专科学校学报》2009,(1):123-128
水资源所有权是中国水权制度改革中的核心问题。《物权法》肯定了将水资源国家所有权改造成为纯粹的私权的主流观念。事实上,在世界水资源国家所有权的产生和发展历史上,民法典并未将其纳入私权体系。水资源国家所有权主要是规定在宪法和水资源单行法中,公权的属性更为突出。应当矫正我国《物权法》对水资源国家所有权不恰当的私权定位,实现其公共所有权的回归,特别是要强调水资源国家所有权的全民性和国家责任。 相似文献
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随着我国现代企业制度的建立.引入新型管理层激励机制成为我国完善公司治理结构、提高企业活力和竞争力的重要途径。经理股票期权拥有激励逻辑清晰,节省现金等优点,在西方国家被广泛应用。然而,我国经理股票期权试点的实践经验证明,由于我国的资本市场、经理人市场等外部条件尚未成熟。公司治理结构尚不完善。机械引进国外的制度可能出现种种问题。因此,有必要考察在我国推行经理股票期权制度的条件、现状。探索适合我国的激励机制。本文对经理股票期权制度的激励逻辑和存在问题进行了分析,并借助实证数据研究了中国的管理层所有权与公司业绩的关系.提供了现阶段在我国推行经理股票期权制度的政策建议。 相似文献
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This paper examines the impact of ownership structure, whether state owned, foreign owned or institutionally owned, on Vietnamese stock market liquidity in different market conditions. We find that state ownership is associated with lower liquidity after the 2008 financial crisis. Institutional ownership shows a weak influence on liquidity in the post-crisis period. During the financial crisis, however, liquidity declines could not be attributed to ownership structure. Our results imply that foreign investors have not yet played a significant role in driving stock market liquidity in Vietnam, which is counter to findings in the existing literature concerning liquidity in more developed markets. Our results are consistent across conventional liquidity measures and a composite liquidity measure. 相似文献
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与私人资产委托代理关系形成的所有权与控制权的分离问题类似,在国有资产委托代理关系下存在着国有资产全民所有权与政府控制权的分离以及政府享有的所有权与企业经营者拥有的经营权的分离问题.借鉴公司治理结构中的股东会、董事会、监事会、经理人之间的相互制衡的结构设计原则,按照国有资产的三层委托代理关系,本文构建了国有资产监管的政治委托层次、行政委托层次和经济委托层次的三重治理结构模式. 相似文献
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Guided by insights from cognitive theories, this article explores the links between entrepreneurs' prior business ownership experience and their opportunity identification behavior. Hypotheses were tested using data from 630 entrepreneurs. Experienced entrepreneurs identified more opportunities and exploited more innovative opportunities with greater wealth creation potential. Entrepreneurs that had owned more than 4.5 businesses, however, identified fewer opportunities. The nature of prior business ownership experience also shaped opportunity identification behavior. An inverse U-shaped relationship was detected between the proportion of failed businesses relative to the number of businesses owned and the number of opportunities identified in a given period. Business failure experience was not associated with the innovativeness of exploited opportunities. 相似文献
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Yasuharu Aoki 《International Review of Finance》2014,14(4):613-645
Focusing on the legal protection of minority shareholders in Japan, which suggests that manager‐owned firms are better governed than corporation‐owned firms, this study presents a new test of two dividend models: the substitute model and the outcome model. In support of the latter, I find that manager‐owned firms pay higher dividends than corporation‐owned firms. The paper also examines the association between ownership by the largest shareholder and dividend payments. I find an inverted U‐shaped relationship for manager‐owned firms and a U‐shaped relationship for corporation‐owned firms between them. These results can be explained by the benefits and drawbacks of concentrated ownership. 相似文献
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Gabriel R. G. Benito 《International Trade Journal》2013,27(2):157-198
This article explores how Norwegian multinational companies select ownership structures for their foreign manufacturing subsidiaries. Hypotheses are drawn from various theoretical perspectives on the choice of wholly owned versus partly owned affiliates. The hypotheses are tested on a sample of 174 foreign direct investments made by Norwegian companies. One main finding is that political risk of the host country strongly increases the probability that ownership of a foreign subsidiary is shared. The results also suggest that cultural distance between the home and the host countries leads to a higher propensity to joint venture. Other results were less conclusive and little support was found for a transaction coast approach to choice of ownership structures. 相似文献
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《Journal of World Business》2006,41(3):261-274
Despite increasing attention paid to China's enterprise reform since the late 1970s, relatively little is known about the performance of reformed state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and newly formed private firms vis-à-vis foreign firms in China. In this study, we examine the performance of domestic Chinese firms in various ownership categories versus foreign-invested enterprises (FIEs) based on two nation-wide surveys conducted by the National Bureau of Statistics in 1998 and 2002. We found that both domestic non-state-owned firms and foreign-invested enterprises performed better than state-owned enterprises. Meanwhile, three categories of Chinese firms—privately owned, collectively owned, and shareholding—had higher performance levels than the foreign-invested enterprises. 相似文献
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共享单车企业向消费者收取押金的性质与线下交易之押金性质不同,应被认定为债之关系,消费者在交付押金后无法保有其所有权,仅享有对共享单车企业的债权返还请求权,因而其只能向共享单车企业主张返还,不可任意穿透债的相对性原理而及于第三人。在此前提下,倘若企业破产后消费者仍无法追回其全部押金,除可适用公司法人人格否认制度向股东追偿等少数情形之外,该损失应依私法自治原则,由消费者个人承担。 相似文献