Global leadership success through emotional and cultural intelligences

Culturally attuned and emotionally sensitive global leaders need to be developed: leaders who can respond to the particular foreign environments of different countries and different interpersonal work situations. Two emerging constructs are especially relevant to the development of successful global leaders: cultural and emotional intelligences. When considered under the traditional view of intelligence as measured by IQ, cultural, and emotional intelligences provide a framework for better understanding cross-cultural leadership and help clarify possible adaptations that need to be implemented in leadership development programs of multinational firms. This article posits that emotional intelligence (EQ), analytical intelligence (IQ), and leadership behaviors are moderated by cultural intelligence (CQ) in the formation of global leadership success.     

A Framework for Collaborative Artificial Intelligence in Marketing

We develop a conceptual framework for collaborative artificial intelligence (AI) in marketing, providing systematic guidance for how human marketers and consumers can team up with AI, which has profound implications for retailing, which is the interface between marketers and consumers. Drawing from the multiple intelligences view that AI advances from mechanical, to thinking, to feeling intelligence (based on how difficult for AI to mimic human intelligences), the framework posits that collaboration between AI and HI (human marketers and consumers) can be achieved by 1) recognizing the respective strengths of AI and HI, 2) having lower-level AI augmenting higher-level HI, and 3) moving HI to a higher intelligence level when AI automates the lower level. Implications for marketers, consumers, and researchers are derived. Marketers should optimize the mix and timing of AI-HI marketing team, consumers should understand the complementarity between AI and HI strengths for informed consumption decisions, and researchers can investigate innovative approaches to and boundary conditions of collaborative intelligence.     

Encouraging Development of a Global Mindset Among Students in Online International Management Courses

ABSTRACT

This research explores how a multiple intelligences approach can be used to build a global mindset among students in online international management courses. It draws upon research in the areas of global mindset, education, cognition and learning, and neuroscience to discuss how pedagogical tools and strategies relevant to each specific intelligence can contribute to cognitive complexity and cosmopolitanism. Suggestions are offered for online teaching methods that can incorporate the multiple intelligences in international management courses.     

中国合会起源之考辨

合会是一种古老的民间信用互助形式,在我国有着悠久的历史,然而合会究竟起源于何时至今尚无定论。关于合会的起源,民间有庞公创始说、竹林七贤遗传说、青苗法演变说,学者认为起源于唐宋或隋朝等。从目前有据可考的史料记载看,我国合会雏形于汉代,成型于唐代,初步发展于宋代。     

Schooling,numeracy, and wealth accumulation: A study involving an agrarian population

Accumulating wealth is one of the main concerns for consumers. Higher education is widely associated with higher wealth, but the underlying reasons for this association remain unclear. Using data from a field study conducted with 218 adults in agrarian communities in Peru's Andean highlands, we explored the extent to which education, non-numeric fluid intelligence, crystallized intelligence, and numeracy skills were related to wealth. Wealth was measured using data on asset ownership (e.g., owning a fridge) and housing characteristics (e.g., toilet facilities). Structural equation modeling revealed that the level of schooling was associated with greater numeracy as well as greater non-numeric fluid and crystallized intelligence; only greater numeracy was associated with greater wealth. Our findings are consistent with the idea that education is linked with financial outcomes, at least in part, through the enhancement of cognitive skills, particularly numeracy that then leads to greater wealth accumulation.     

Auf dem Weg zu einem Urheberrecht für das 21. Jahrhundert

The article describes the challenges of copyright protection in the digital world. Starting from the observation that copyright is one of the most disputed regulative systems in the 21st century, it analyses the reasons for the intensity of the public and political debate. The analysis comes to the conclusion that the main reason for this is the radical change of impact copyright law has undergone since computers and Internet access found their way into almost every household. What was designed as a regulative system for professional market players became a statutory code of conduct for the general public. However, the necessary steps to acknowledge this elementary change were never taken by the legislators. The article concludes that a copyright that affects professional authors, rights holders, prosumers and consumers alike needs significant conceptual modifications. Several proposals for short-, middle- and long-term changes of the copyright systems are offered.     

Artificial Intelligence and Declined Guilt: Retailing Morality Comparison Between Human and AI

Journal of Business Ethics - Several technological developments, such as self-service technologies and artificial intelligence (AI), are disrupting the retailing industry by changing consumption...     

Memory for implied versus directly stated advertising claims

An experiment tested young adults' memory for advertising slogans that either stated a strong claim directly or only implied the same claim by stating it in a much weaker form. Several advertising slogans were inserted into a story. There were two versions of each slogan, asserted and implied. The asserted version made a claim very directly and strongly (e.g.Alka-Seltzer stops common aches). The implied version only suggested the stronger claim (e.g. Alka-Seltzer helps lessen common aches ). Subjects read the story, which contained one of the two versions of each ad. After subjects finished reading the story, they were asked to recall all the brands and products. Then they performed a multiple choice task testing memory for the content of the advertising claims. While results showed no difference on the recall task, subjects on the multiple choice task frequently falsely recognized implied claims as asserted but seldom the reverse. Although they correctly recognized more asserted than implied claims, they were more confident in their correct memory for the implied claims. Results were applied to the problem of deceptive advertising.     

Examining the context-specific reasons and adoption of artificial intelligence-based voice assistants: A behavioural reasoning theory approach

AI-based voice assistants are some of the most popular consumer products of artificial intelligence technology. This study investigates the influence of the reasoning process on overall consumer attitudes and adoption intentions towards AI-based voice assistants. Behavioural reasoning theory was applied to hypothesize relationships between values, context-specific reasons, attitudes, and adoption intention. Partial least squares structural equation modelling was used to test the research model and hypotheses using data from 550 potential consumers in India. This research suggests a positive influence of consumers' ‘reasons for’ on their attitude and adoption intentions towards AI-based voice assistants, as well as a favourable impact of consumers' values on ‘reasons for’. This study discovered that ‘reasons for’ and ‘reasons against’ are not only opposites but are entirely autonomous and have an independent impact on consumers' attitudes towards AI-based voice assistants. This research improved our understanding of AI-based product adoption by identifying the paramount role of consumers' values and the ‘reasons for’ and ‘reasons against’ in shaping their attitudes and adoption intentions towards AI-based voice assistants.     

Youseff Cassis. Capitals of Capital: A History of International Financial Centres, 1780-2005

The book presents a history of the most influential financialCenters, "the capitals of capital." Youseff Cassis evaluatesthe significance of these Centers by examining their concentrationof financial services, their capacity to process surplus capital,particularly its export, and their role in the intermediationof financial transactions. Their history, from 1780 to the presentday, is covered chronologically in six chapters. Each chapterestablishes a hierarchy of Centers and reasons for changes inthe hierarchy are analyzed as the story unfolds.     

Labor markets in Latin America: a look at the supply-side

This work asks whether there is a supply-side story to be told about labor market outcomes in Latin America. We present stylized facts about the connection between the demographic transition and changes in education (the size and quality of the labor force), with labor supply, inequality, and unemployment. The main conclusion is that the neglected topics of demographics and education improve our understanding of the overall decline in employment, the changing pattern of unemployment, and the rise in wage inequality. By adding them to the well-established demand and institutional factors behind these outcomes, we can obtain a clearer picture about labor markets in Latin America.     

Customizing a consumers’ story for you: The impact of protagonist geographical distance on willingness to share

Consumers' stories, which reveal the interactions between consumers and brands from the perspective of consumers, are increasingly prevalent in advertisements and service communications. Although previous research has explored the impact of consumers' story plots, elements, types, and endings on story effectiveness, the connection between the audience and story protagonist is often of greater concern to consumers. This study examines how the geographical distance between audiences and consumers' story protagonists can prompt audiences to share a consumers' story. A dataset was collected from leading social platforms, and four scenario–based experiments were conducted, which demonstrated that the geographical distance between the protagonist and audience enhanced audience–protagonist similarity and interpersonal identity leading to a more positive willingness to share the story. Additionally, the effect of geographical distance on willingness to share is stronger when the story is based on true events; this effect is attenuated when the story is fictitious. The findings provide a proximal protagonist that advertisers can use in a story to prompt audiences to share consumers’ stories.     

Assessing the effect of organic-food short storytelling on consumer response

This study explores the influence of organic food storytelling on consumer response. A random sampling method was used to select organic food retail stores and markets, and then collected 578 valid samples by a quota sampling method. Four storytelling types, including individual story, environmental story, price story, and food therapy story, were based on interview results. Based on partial least squares results, organic food storytelling indeed led consumers to prefer natural food, with food therapy storytelling being the most important factor that influenced their preference for natural food. This was followed by environmental story, price story, with the individual story being the last one. Except for the individual story type, the other three story types established more positive consumer attitudes toward organic food. The preference for natural food increased consumers’ purchase intention, followed by attitude toward organic food, and finally by individual story.     

论短篇小说的叙事实验

与长篇小说相比，短篇小说有着更加适合叙事实验的灵活、开放的艺术形式。从理论上讲，这是由短篇小说作为小型的散文虚构叙事作品这一特点所决定的。从其发展的历程来看，一大批具有代表性的作家在短篇小说领域，尤其是在叙述手法上进行了大胆的实验，并不断创新，为这一文学样式注入了新的活力。     

Artificial decision-making and artificial ethics: A management concern

Expert systems are knowledge-based information systems which are expected to have human attributes in order to replicate human capacity in ethical decision making. An expert system functions by virtue of its information, its inferential rules, and its decision criteria, each of which may be problematic. This paper addresses three basic reasons for ethical concern when using the currently available expert systems in a decisions-making capacity. These reasons are (1) expert systems' lack of human intelligence, (2) expert systems' lack of emotions and values, and (3) expert systems' possible incorporation of intentional or accidental bias. For these reasons artificial ethics seems to be science fiction. Consequently, expert systems should be used only in an advising capacity and managers should not absolve themselves from legal and ethical responsibility when using expert systems in decision making.Omar E. M. Khalil is a visiting Lecturer of information systems at the University of Massachussets at Dartmouth. He has published in theInternational Journal of Man-Machine Studies and in several proceedings.     

危机中的中国品牌

中国品牌现在处于危机中 :在国际市场上缺乏知名度 ,在国内市场上面临外企的蚕食吞并 ,国内消费者的漠视误解……种种状况 ,危机四伏。造成这种现象的原因是什么 ,企业该如何应对 ,以缓解这场危机 ,本文进行了探讨。     

Understanding the influences of story elements in service businesses

With the advances of the roles of business stories in marketing, two issues remain unclear: How do consumers evaluate story elements on services? Do usefulness and affect mediate the relationships between business story elements and brand attitude in services? Therefore, to answer these questions, this study conducted between-subjects experiments to investigate the roles of business story elements, usefulness, and affect in financial and restaurants services. The results indicate that the elements of authenticity, reversal, and humor are generally useful in engaging consumers’ usefulness and affect; besides, conciseness is useful in engaging consumers’ usefulness but is not for affect and brand attitude; finally, usefulness and affect are mediators of the relationship between business story elements and brand attitude. These findings provide a framework to design business story and investigate the mediation of usefulness and affect on the relationship between business story elements and brand attitude for services and practitioners.     

Happily Ever After: How Ending Valence Influences Narrative Persuasion in Cautionary Stories

Narratives are a persuasive platform that evokes processing distinct from other message formats. Story-ending valence is a component common to all stories and can influence how individuals respond to and are persuaded by the story. The current work examines how ending valence of a cautionary story, a popular type of narrative that delivers a warning to the audience, influences story-consistent beliefs through a process of global reflection or understanding of the overall story message. Across three studies, we find a positive story ending enhances reflection on the message meaning and, subsequently, enhances story-consistent beliefs.     

婴儿奶粉包装的功能性拓展研究

本文通过分析功能性现状,研究婴儿奶粉包装形式等的研发拓展,更好地展现其启智和环保等功能,改善婴儿奶粉包装现状。以调查分析为基础,以拓展包装功能,创新包装形式为开发研究依据,通过对于婴儿奶粉包装的重新定位,采用五大创新拓展功能在婴儿奶粉包装中的应用,满足婴儿对于奶粉包装需求的同时也从大环境的角度整体探究婴儿奶粉包装更人性化的发展诉求。     

The Enron story: you can fool some of the people some of the time …

This article unravels the complex set of financial dealings that are at the heart of the Enron story and follows the story through the highs and lows of Enron share prices. The key players are identified and their roles described. Apart from the financial and accounting issues, the Enron story also raises a wide range of ethical issues including corporate governance, organisational culture and ethical leadership and scrutiny. These are discussed in the article. It might be argued that Enron could never have got away with some of its practices if it had been operating in Europe. The article concludes that this view may be naïve, particularly in the light of recent media disclosures of the UK Labour government's continuing flirtation with business donations. The Enron story raises serious considerations in a whole host of financial, economic, political and ethical areas. As the Enron story continues to unfold, an article of this type can only begin to scratch the surface of some of these issues and to lay them out for further investigation.