企业竞争战略选择的博弈分析

博弈论和企业竞争战略之间有着天然的相通之处。基于博弈论,人们对企业竞争优势的来源、战略目标的确定以及战略模式等都有了新的认识,给企业战略管理带来了深刻的影响。本文首先建立了对称信息条件下的双寡头企业竞争战略选择的微分博弈模型,通过对模型的求解和纳什均衡的讨论,分析了电信企业在博弈均衡状态下的战略选择,并把研究结果用在企业竞争战略选择的实例中。     

科技型中小企业人力资源管理问题与对策

人力资源是科技型中小参与竞争的核心优势,同时也是企业自主创新的最重要、最具创造力的资源。本文通过分析科技型中小企业人力资源管理存在的问题,结合企业知识型员工的特点,提出了一系列人力资源管理对策供科技型中小企业选择,以期对解决科技型中小企业的人力资源管理的问题有一定帮助。     

民营企业员工忠诚管理的博弈分析

本文从博弈论的角度分析了民营企业员工忠诚管理的问题,指出民营企业员工忠诚管理的现状,同时探讨在忠诚管理中企业与员工的博弈策略,并指出企业应实施人性化管理。     

基于演化博弈的企业员工跳槽行为探析

企业员工的跳槽会使企业遭受巨大损失,本文借鉴演化博弈论分析企业与员工跳槽行为之间的博弈关系,构建企业与员工之间的演化博弈模型,分析企业和员工两个群体策略选择的演变趋势。研究发现,员工是否选择"跳槽",与员工当前的工资收益、跳槽所获得的收益、企业实施监管所付出的成本、企业为了留住员工所实行的激励支出、企业对违约跳槽员工实施的罚款等参数相关。在此基础上,本文提出企业想要减少员工跳槽行为,可以从完善企业内部管理机制、加强与员工的信息沟通、积极建立良好企业文化三个方面采取措施。     

浅析中国企业跨文化管理的原则与模式

用管理大师德鲁克的话说,跨文化管理基本上就是一个把政治上、文化上的多样性结合起来而进行统一管理的问题.在实施跨文化管理时,只有遵循一定的原则并且采用具体的管理模式,把不同政治和文化背景的员工协调起来,才能保障企业国际化经营的顺利进行.     

市场进入次序竞争优势研究

为了探求企业能否通过市场进入次序选择而获得更多的竞争优势,文章采用时间博弈方法,建立数量竞争时间博弈模型和价格时间博弈模型,对市场进入次序进行综合研究。结果表明:在市场竞争中存在一定市场进入次序的优劣势,在数量竞争时间博弈分析中的产量竞争模型条件下,企业在其余情况不变的情况时,先动企业由于先进入市场,获得了产量和利润的优势,存在先动优势;在价格竞争的时间博弈模型的分析中,后动企业的利润大于等于先动企业的利润,不管企业的产品是否同质,后定价的企业都存在后动优势。     

基于博弈论的网络贸易信息跨文化分析——以中越为例

文章从博弈论角度研究了网络贸易信息的跨文化因素,重点分析完全信息静态博弈和完全信息动态博弈条件下的语言及文化选择.指出企业应根据不同的贸易发展阶段和产品特征采取不同跨文化对策,以期为从事国际电子商务的企业提供参考和服务,有效地开拓国际市场.     

谈企业文化与激励机制并用的酒店管理策略

企业文化具有独特的导向、凝聚、激励和约束作用,它是企业为达到一定目标所采取的一种柔性管理方式.企业文化软管理能灵活调动员工的情感和积极性,同时运用多种激励机制硬管理手段,一软一硬能综合改变员工的思维模式,并提高其创造力和积极性.本文以酒店管理为例,分析了企业文化与激励机制的融合途径及实施策略.     

对跨文化管理中员工管理的思考——以华为为例

在中国政府"一带一路"的新型开发战略的推动下,越来越多的中国企业选择"走出去"。跨国经营的企业不无例外的都必须要面对跨文化管理的问题。而员工作为一个组织重要的基础,更是一大难题。本文以华为为例,分析它在海外如何对员工的招聘,培训开发,绩效和薪酬进行管理,以此来得出一些关于跨文化管理中员工管理的思考。     

基于胜任力的员工培训对提升员工可雇佣性的影响研究

知识经济的到来使得人力资源已经成为企业获得竞争优势的重要资源,人力资源管理也被提升到了战略层面上。胜任力为企业战略人力资源管理提供了基础,胜任力模型成为人力资源管理各环节的纽带。越来越多的企业采用了该模式,从培训与开发的角度来看,基于胜任力的培训与开发对员工维持现有的工作岗位具有积极的影响。使员工更好地融入企业,适应企业文化,带来员工职务行为和组织公民行为的改变。而对员工重新选择和获取新的岗位既有积极影响又有消极影响,体现在员工重新选择就业更具实力,但企业文化的渗透又具有一定的阻碍作用。     

韩国在华企业国际化经营中人力资源管理的实证分析

企业国际化经营中的人力资源管理问题一直是业界管理者讨论的一个热点问题,也是学术界研究的重要课题。跨国公司能否成功地对当地员工进行管理,对其经营成果有着重要的影响。本文以韩国企业在华开展国际化经营中的人力资源管理方面遇到的问题为引子,采用了问卷调查与实际考察相结合的方法,建立了研究模型,提出并验证了假设,最后在理论与实践相结合的基础上揭示了中国员工的劳动价值观及其本质,向在华韩国企业提出了制定和推行有效人力资源管理方案的科学依据及进行跨文化管理的方法。     

Facilitating factors in the cross-cultural transfer of management practices: The case of a German multinational in Brazil

The transfer of management practices in multinational companies has been discussed as a central topic in international business. Research has mainly focused on the challenges associated with transfer processes, but little is known about facilitating factors in cross-cultural transfer, even less in emerging markets. Based on a single case study of a German multinational in Brazil, we examine the transfer of quality management practices and map this process into three ideal-typical stages. We identify nine facilitating factors that play different roles during the three stages and highlight their support for the subsidiary’s successful development. Our findings contribute to constructive approaches of cross-border transfer and show that the emergence of a hybrid organizational culture through mutual learning favors the transfer of management practices in multinationals.     

组织学习的跨文化效应:中国和荷兰的比较

Based on the theory of cross-cultural management and organizational learning, this paper comparatively analyzes the role of culture differences between China and the Netherlands in organizational learning processes, climate, and capabilities. Three propositions are proposed to help multinational corporations (MNCs) build learning-oriented subsidiaries in China.      

美在华跨国公司投资与跨文化冲突研究

随着中美之间国际交往的逐渐深入,国际贸易和跨国投资也越来越大,中美文化差异导致的跨文化冲突在跨国公司的运营中也越发突出。深入探究跨文化冲突的根源,有的放矢的提出解决措施和对策,已经成为跨国公司管理不可忽视的一环。本文首先介绍了美在华跨国公司投资发展概况,其次分析了美国在华跨国公司跨文化冲突的各种表现,接着探讨了美国跨国公司在华投资的发展历程和跨文化冲突产生的根本原因,最后提出了相应的建议及对策。     

Assessment centers: A contrast of usage in diverse environments

The assessment center technique for sales force selection, promotion, career development, and training has received substantial attention. In addition to being cited as having substantial potential for more traditional sales management applications, the approach has been identified as well-suited for cross-cultural and multinational sales environments. This study appraises assessment center applications in two divergent settings: the United States and Europe. Expectations of greater awareness and utilization among European marketing managers were confirmed. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Identity,knowledge and strategy in the UK subsidiary of an Anglo-German automobile manufacturer

This paper uses a qualitative case study of an Anglo-German automobile manufacturing plant to investigate the role played by the strategic self-presentation of national, class and ethnic identities by different groups within the organisation in knowledge management and power relations in multinational corporations (MNCs). I explore this using a ‘negotiated culture’ approach to cross-cultural management. My findings are, firstly, that knowledge management played a crucial part in strategic self-presentation and thus in power relations. Secondly, that an examination of knowledge management activities from this perspective provided a way of analysing the complexity of intergroup interaction in the organisation. Thirdly, that workers as well as managers engage in knowledge management and strategic action. I conclude that a qualitative analysis of knowledge management can help researchers and managers deal with the complexities of social behaviour in organisations, and suggest frameworks for understanding of the impact of identity on knowledge management.     

Toward an understanding of cross-cultural ethics: A tentative model

In an increasingly global environment, managers face a dilemma when selecting and applying moral values to decisions in cross-cultural settings. While moral values may be similar across cultures (either in different countries or among people within a single country), their application (or ethics) to specific situations may vary. Ethics is the systematic application of moral principles to concrete problems.This paper addresses the cross-cultural ethical dilemma, proposes a tentative model for conceptualizing cross-cultural ethics, and suggests some ways in which the model may be tested and operationalized.William A. Wines is Professor of Legal Environment and Business Ethics in the Management Department, College of Business, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho, USA. His research interests include business ethics, employment law, and public sector collective bargaining.Nancy K. Napier is Professor of Management and Chairman of the Management Department, College of Business, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho, USA. Her research interests include international business, mergers and acquisitions, and human resource management.     

The multinational corporation as a coordinated network: Organizing and managing differently

A multinational corporation (MNC) has a number of unique advantages. Of these, the flexibility to operate as a coordinated multinational network places the strategic emphasis on resources and learning. Coordination and integration are needed to provide coherence in resource commitments. Operating as a coordinated multinational network can provide the flexibility needed to implement global strategies. A network organization results in linkages and interrelationships that require organizing and managing differentially. This article focuses on the organizational and managerial characteristics that are needed to operate as a coordinated multinational network. These characteristics include: a strong central leadership role; the flexibility to respond to opportunities; a differentiated, multidimensional focus; distributed, interdependent capabilities; the managerial capacity to achieve coordination; and a collaborative decision-making process. This article also discusses the changes needed in structural mechanisms and systems. Explored are the planning process, performance evaluation and control, information technology/management information systems, and human resource management. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Strategy profiles of indigenous MNEs from the NIEs: The case of South Korea and Taiwan

Despite the argument for stateless firms and global strategy, few deny the existing heterogeneities between nations. However, the linkages between national context, corporate strategy, and market performance have not been adequately studied. This study integrates the fragmented, discipline-based literature of international business, cross-cultural management, organization theory, and strategic management to construct a framework for strategic management of multinational enterprises (MNEs), and explores the linkages between national context, corporate strategy, and market performance among the leading computer MNEs from South Korea and Taiwan. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

经济全球化背景下的企业跨文化冲突管理

随着全球经济一体化和中国加入WTO,中国市场将吸引更多的外国企业来华投资。来自不同文化背景的各国投资者,在共同创办企业时,必然有文化差异存在,而文化差异往往会引起文化摩擦和冲突。解决跨文化管理的冲突要实施学习策略,培育共同价值观,争取回避策略,共赢策略,实现"本土化"管理。