Interactions Between Organizational Culture,Trustworthiness, and Mechanisms for Inter‐Project Knowledge Sharing

This research used a multiple‐case study approach to empirically investigate the complex relationship between factors influencing inter‐project knowledge sharing—trustworthiness, organizational culture, and knowledge‐sharing mechanisms. Adopting a competing values framework, we found evidence of patterns existing between the type of culture, on the project management unit level, and project managers’ perceptions of valuing trustworthy behaviors and the way they share knowledge, on the individual level. We also found evidence for mutually reinforcing the effect of trust and clan culture, which shape tacit knowledge‐sharing behaviors.     

The effect of organizational culture on deviant behaviors in the workplace

Abstract

This study investigated the impact of organizational culture (OC) on deviant behaviors in the workplace (workplace deviant behaviors: WDB). We tested the hypothesis that different types of OC (according to the Competing Values Framework model) had an impact on WDB, in addition to the effect of Big Five personality traits. Survey research was undertaken with 954 employees of 30 enterprises in the public and private field, using a hierarchical model approach (HLM) to test the effects of four types of OC (Clan; Adhocracy; Market, Hierarchy) on WDB, over and above the effect of Five Personality traits. The HLM results partially supported our hypotheses, showing that the OC had a significant effect on WDB, with the adhocracy and clan cultures characterized by lower levels of WDB. Managerial implications about the importance of managing the OC are discussed.     

America's Engagement in Iraq: Insights and implications for public management research

Abstract

There are lessons to be learned in the matter of public management in Iraq and Afghanistan, especially in the importance of the management cultures in which decisions are made. This review is of four books, by different authors, sharing their journalist approach. Four shared themes emerge from these works: the importance of training, organizational culture, strategy, and governance. The authors develop an awareness of the inter-connectivity of the leadership and management cultures of the military and civilians, with significant implications for future public management research. Each of the four books in this review offers contributions that extend the knowledge and practice of public management and public policy, providing hard-learned lessons that can be cross walked into teaching, practice, and research.     

Do NPM-Type Reforms Lead to a Cultural Revolution Within Public Sector Organizations?

Abstract

Agencification and granting public sector organizations managerial autonomy in particular is believed to change organizational cultures, away from traditional compliance- and detail-oriented bureaucratic cultures and towards organizational cultures which are more oriented towards external customers. There is however very little empirical information on the relationship between managerial autonomy and organizational culture. Using a unique data set on public agencies in Flanders, we not only test how managerial autonomy affects the strength of a customer-oriented culture within public sectors but also examine whether this culture becomes dominant over traditional public administration culture. Analysis shows that managerial autonomy positively affects a customer-oriented culture; however, it does not make it a dominant culture.     

A Mediating Effect of Knowledge Integration and Moderating Effect of Organizational Task Environment

ABSTRACT

In order to clearly analyse how IT-driven knowledge management capability affects enterprise’s breakthrough innovation activities, this paper systematically constructs a mechanism model of IT-driven knowledge capability influencing enterprise’s breakthrough innovation based on knowledge absorption capability theory, knowledge integration theory and organisational task environment theory. Through enterprise survey data, it is found that IT-driven knowledge competence has a significant positive impact on enterprise breakthrough innovation through enterprise knowledge integration, and organisational task environment effectively regulates this impact relationship.     

基于心理契约的中医院隐性知识转化与共享管理

文章以心理契约为切入点,分析了心理契约在中医院隐性知识转化与共享管理中的重要作用,从交易维度、关系维度和团队成员维度提出了中医隐性知识转化和共享中良好心理契约管理策略。     

装备安全管理隐性知识挖掘技术研究

知识管理正在成为军队发展的新战略思维。装备安全管理实践中存在着大量的隐性知识,对这些隐性知识进行挖掘,可以大大提高装备安全管理工作的效率和效益。文章分析了装备安全管理实践中隐性知识的来源,介绍了隐性知识转移、沉淀和转化方法,并根据我军装备管理的特点,结合我军装备管理实际,利用美军隐性知识挖掘技术中的任务回顾法(AAR),提出了装备安全管理隐性知识挖掘策略,以装备管理中的装备安全管理为例对任务回顾法(AAR)进行了应用,研究了如何应用隐性知识挖掘技术对装备管理中的隐性知识进行挖掘,进而实现应用隐性知识使装备管理中好的经验做法得以推广。     

Socio-Cultural Values and Organizational Culture

SUMMARY

This exploratory study examines if certain dimensions of the socio-cultural values could explain certain types of organizational culture. The proposition merits investigation because it has important implications for local as well as international and global companies. The study first investigates employees' perceptions of the existing and preferred cultural orientations in four Jordanian organizations, and then it compares the results with other studies conducted in other cultures (American and South African). In Jordan data were collected by means of Harrison and Stokes survey for diagnosing organizational culture, the same instrument used in the USA and in South Africa. The study concludes by suggesting that in certain countries the national culture's effects may appear in a particular dominant organizational culture, that is desired by the management, but not actually preferred by employees. This implies that it is more beneficial for international and transnational corporations to develop “strong” cultures rather than to encourage local units to adapt to their national cultures.     

隐性知识研究综述

近年来,隐性知识的研究成为热点问题,隐性知识管理成为知识管理研究的核心内容之一。从隐性知识的内涵、隐性知识的识别和测度、隐性知识的转化模式三个方面,对已有的文献进行综述,并对隐性知识研究的发展方向作了展望。     

变革型领导对组织文化演进的作用研究——以《中国企业家》杂志社的发展历程为例

本文以《中国企业家》杂志社的发展历程为研究对象,系统地研究和阐述了变革型领导在组织建设过程中对组织文化建设与发展产生的作用,详细地解释了领导者如何在不同的企业发展阶段,运用权变性奖酬、鼓舞式激励、智力性刺激、理想化影响、个性化关怀以及综合变革型领导的特点来促进企业市场式文化、发展式文化、部落式文化、层级式文化等不同导向的组织文化的产生和发展。与此同时,本文基于交互作用视角发现企业内外部环境中的组织认同与组织形象这两大重要因素是推动变革型领导对组织文化演进影响作用所不可或缺的。基于以上发现,本文构建出变革型领导对组织文化演进作用的跨阶段模型。本文的研究成果对中国企业尤其是媒体企业构建组织文化具有重要的参考意义。     

The role of project management maturity and organizational culture in perceived performance

This study investigates whether project management maturity (PMM) relates to perceived organizational performance and how an organization's cultural orientation is a contributing factor. Perceived organizational performance is defined as project effectiveness and efficiency followed by resulting business performance. A survey‐based research was conducted with 86 project professionals from various U.S. service and manufacturing organizations. The study revealed that PMM is significantly related to business performance but not to project performance. Furthermore, while clan organizational culture is a sole contributing factor for project and business performances, PMM interacts with market culture in improving business performance. This study shows that in order to deal with project time, budget, and expectations issues, an organizational culture change toward sharing, collaboration, and empowerment is a must. Furthermore, an increasing project management maturity along with a results‐oriented organizational culture improves an organization's competitiveness, resulting in cost savings and increased sales. PMM efforts are therefore crucial. PMM accompanied by an understanding of cultural orientation is a best strategy for today's project‐based organizations.     

浅谈知识管理中的隐性知识

知识经济时代呼唤有效的知识管理,隐性知识作为知识的重要组成部分,正扮演着越来越重要的角色。通过对国内外相关文献的研究,对企业隐性知识的内涵进行了详细总结,系统地归纳了隐性知识的类型和特征,并对隐性知识的开发进行了初步研究,结合企业中的知识管理,提出了隐性知识的开发措施。     

The influence of knowledge management and professionalization on the use of ERP systems and its effect on the competitive advantages of SMEs

ABSTRACT

Although the literature on Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems emphasizes the importance of knowledge management and professionalization in the use of these systems, the factors that mediate these relationships are not sufficiently developed in SMEs. This study proposes the adequate application of knowledge management and professionalization would help to improve the use of ERP systems. The research uses the structural equation approach based on PLS-SEM technique with a sample of 137 Spanish SMEs. The results show that professionalization and knowledge management significantly affect the use of ERP, as well as imply a mediating effect on the competitive advantages of the SMEs.

Abbreviations: ERP: Enterprise Resource Planning; SMEs: Small and Medium Enterprises; PLS: Partial Least Squares; SEM: Structural Equation Modelling     

基于知识管理理论的大学英语教师隐性知识管理的研究

从知识管理的概念入手,分析大学英语教师隐性知识管理存在的障碍,提出了大学英语教师隐性知识管理的对策。     

企业知识类型及其相关研究

随着知识经济的兴起,知识管理受到越来越广泛的关注。作为提高企业核心竞争能能力的重要资源,隐性知识愈发显示其重要性。本文介绍了显性知识与隐性知识的研究现状,分析了现阶段隐性知识研究存在的问题,最后从组织管理、隐性知识交流环境、员工隐性知识挖掘、隐性知识传播等宏观和微观两个方面提出了隐性知识研究中存在问题的解决办法。     

组织变革中互惠性偏好对领导团队协同的影响研究——基于隐性知识转移的视角

团队间管理技能的学习通过隐性知识转移实现,组织变革中管理团队合作效果受文化的制约,直接影响着团队技能的提升,基于互惠性偏好的管理团队隐性知识转移的内在机理是解决这一困境的有效方式。文章分析管理团队隐性知识转移过程,变革过程中互惠性偏好对管理团队隐性知识转移的影响,构建变革过程中互惠性偏好影响管理团队隐性知识转移的基本模型,并对变革管理团队进行现实分析。     

隐性知识视角下的高职物流管理专业改革和建设

在深入研究隐性知识和物流管理专业人才培养模式改革实践的基础上,提出在高职物流管理专业改革与建设的思路,阐述了基于隐性知识管理的物流专业改革与建设的方案与措施。     

企业经验知识管理的若干基本问题

知识管理的核心功能是将隐性知识显性化,以便于实现知识共享。本文首先揭示了经验知识管理的内涵与必要性;其次探讨了经验知识管理的内容、形式、层次和主体;同时也提出若干结论与建议。     

Contract employment policy and research productivity of knowledge workers: an analysis of Spanish universities

Abstract

This article investigates how contract employment practices adopted by universities—fixed-term contracts and permanent contracts—impact research productivity measured in terms of publications in scholarly journals. The empirical application considers the Spanish public higher education system for the period 2002–2008. We report an inverse U-shaped relationship between the rate fixed-term contracts and the research productivity of Spanish universities. That is, contract policies based on fixed-term contracts are conducive to research productivity; however, beyond a critical threshold value increases in the proportion of fixed-term contracts are associated with declining research productivity. These findings reveal that contract employment policies shape research productivity, and that flexible and balanced contract practices are critical for enhancing universities’ research productivity. The results suggest that the excessive use of fixed-term contracts might create an unstable working environment that limits the universities’ capacity to capitalize on their knowledge workers. Policy implications and future research avenues are discussed.     

基于中医隐性知识特征的临床实践性教学思考

"医者,意也"。作为中华民族优秀文化的瑰宝,中医是典型的"道技融合"的中国传统技艺。依据现代知识管理相关理论,中医药知识世代传承,具有典型的隐性知识特征,它是中医药学家在长期的实践探索中总结出来的,具有极其重要的价值。中医药知识为个体所拥有,难以用文字描述记载以及传播,它是我国中医传承发展的关键。因此,如何有效地开展中医药临床实践教学,提升中医传承的效果,深入探索和分析中医药隐性知识的特征,并据此开展实践性教学,是当前高等中医药教育改革与实践的重要课题。