公路路面施工中沥青摊铺的施工技术浅析

路面施工是公路工程施工中的最关键环节,路面施工质量直接决定了整个公路工程的施工质量,因此,在公路路面施工中,采用沥青摊铺施工技术,注重施工前、施工阶段的沥青摊铺施工技术,以保证公路路面施工质量到位,文章则对公路路面施工中沥青摊铺施工技术进行分析。     

杨家坡隧道采空区超前加固施工技术

采空区是煤系地层隧道施工不可避免的施工技术难题,采空区施工技术关系到煤系地层施工施工工期、施工安全、运营安全等,目前在采空区施工中已形成许多好的施工技术,本文以杨家坡高瓦斯隧道采空区施工为例,对采空区超前加固施工技术进行总结。     

浅议楼梯施工缝位置

本文由楼梯施工缝的施工规范以及楼梯施工缝上返"三步"的讨论,引出楼梯施工缝施工中存在问题,继而提出正确的处理方法,以规范楼梯施工缝施工措施,提高施工质量。     

关于隧道施工技术分析和质量控制探讨

基于隧道施工的难度,掌握隧道施工技术并进行必要的质量控制,对解决隧道施工问题和提升隧道施工效果具有重要影响。目前影响隧道施工的因素多,在隧道施工环节既要了解隧道施工的影响因素,同时也要判断隧道施工的特点和隧道施工的基本要求,围绕隧道施工的具体情况制定科学的质量控制方案,保证隧道施工在具体落实方面能够达到施工目标,为隧道施工提供技术支持。     

对市政道路路基施工技术的探讨

路基施工质量影响路面的使用品质,而路基施工技术是路基施工的核心。本文从施工测量、挖方路基施工、填方路基施工、路基排水、路基施工的质量控制、路基防护等方面介绍了市政道路路基施工技术。     

浅析铁路预应力混凝土连续梁的施工质量控制

铁路预应力混凝土连续梁的施工工序多、施工工艺要求高,合理且完备的控制方式是施工质量的保证。本文分析与归纳了连续梁施工进程中的挂篮施工、模板施工、钢筋施工、混凝土施工、预应力施工、线性监控中的施工质量控制方式,能有效控制不良因素的影响,保证了施工的质量安全,为连续梁的施工建设提供一定的参考。     

公路路基施工技术及其质量控制分析

公路施工过程中的路基施工往往受到自然环境因素影响,施工难度较大,工期较长,而且易出现质量问题,因此对公路路基施工技术提出了较高的要求。文章主要对公路路基施工中的各项施工环节的施工技术进行分析,同时结合工作经验阐述公路路基施工中质量监控的有效手段,希望可以为公路路基施工更科学地运用施工技术和施工质量控制提供有效借鉴经验,从而达到提高公路路基施工质量的目的。     

水利工程中水闸施工的技术要点及其 注意事项探讨

水闸施工的质量对于整个水利工程具有重要作用,如果发生问题,会影响周围居民的日常生活。基于此,本文提出了闸门预埋件施工、闸门板施工、水闸混凝土施工、导流施工四种水利工程中水闸施工技术要点,以及沉陷缝填缝的施工、止水的施工、加强施工管理、完善施工前准备工作四个方面在水利工程中水闸施工的注意事项,进而保证施工的质量与效率。     

试论施工企业如何加强成本控制

根据施工企业的行业特点,成本支出在施工企业经营中占的比重比较大。施工企业成本控制的好坏,事关施工企业经营的成败。施工企业成本控制的重要性也要求施工企业做好成本控制,强化施工企业成本管理,实现施工企业利润最大化。做好施工企业成本控制是每个施工企业面临的共同问题,那么施工企业要怎样在各个环节加强成本控制呢？本文从施工企业成本控制存在的问题入手,提出施工企业应如何加强成本控制的策略。     

水利工程主坝沥青砼防渗墙低温施工技术初探

沥青砼防渗墙低温施工是水利工程主坝施工中重要的环节,在施工的过程中,施工单位要结合施工环境的温度,对施工技术进行优化,常见的施工技术主要是碾压式沥青砼施工技术.在北方地区建设水利工程时,由于冬季室外环境的温度比较低,所以,施工单位要采用沥青砼防渗墙低温施工技术,根据施工环境温度特点,施工单位还适当延长防渗墙的施工时间,这样才能保证施工的质量.     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.     

Sixty years of discrimination and diversity research in human resource management: A review with suggestions for future research directions

This article reviews discrimination and diversity research published in Human Resource Management (HRM) over the past 60 years. While discrimination and diversity are very different constructs, it is often informative to study them together, because when people recognize each other's diversity, this can result in bias, stereotyping, and discrimination. We conducted bibliographic searches for terms related to discrimination and diversity as well as a manual search through every title and abstract published in HRM over the last 60 years to assess article relevance. The search resulted in 135 research articles with 136 unique studies (i.e., samples) which are reviewed in this article. Sex and race are the demographics that have been examined the most in HRM, while religion has been examined the least. Moreover, the number of studies examining lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) employees in the workplace in HRM has grown quickly within the past 10 years, culminating in a recent meta‐analysis. Our review looks at some of the earliest research published, the most recent research published, and the overall trends we identified in the research over the years for both discrimination and diversity articles. We then make future research suggestions and recommendations to advance the study of discrimination and diversity in the coming years.     

Multinomial distributions applied to random sampling of particulate materials

When sampling a batch consisting of particulate material, the distribution of a sample estimator can be characterized using knowledge about the sample drawing process. With Bernoulli sampling, the number of particles in the sample is binomially distributed. Because this is rarely realized in practice, we propose a sampling design in which the possible samples have a nearly equal mass. Expected values and variances of the sample estimator are calculated. It is shown that the sample estimator becomes identical to the Horvitz–Thompson estimator in the case of a large batch-to-sample mass ratio and a large sample mass. Simulations and experiments were performed to test the theory. Simulations confirm that the round-off error due to the discrete nature of particles is negligible for large sample sizes. Sampling experiments were carried out with a mixture of PolyPropylene (PP) and PolyTetraFluorEthylene (PTFE) spheres suspended in a viscous medium. The measured and theoretical variations are in good agreement.     

The Early History of the Cumulants and the Gram-Charlier Series

The early history of the Gram-Charlier series is discussed from three points of view: (1) a generalization of Laplace's central limit theorem, (2) a least squares approximation to a continuous function by means of Chebyshev-Hermite polynomials, (3) a generalization of Gauss's normal distribution to a system of skew distributions. Thiele defined the cumulants in terms of the moments, first by a recursion formula and later by an expansion of the logarithm of the moment generating function. He devised a differential operator which adjusts any cumulant to a desired value. His little known 1899 paper in Danish on the properties of the cumulants is translated into English in the Appendix.     

Capturing the Implications of Services Trade Liberalization

This paper evaluates the impact of service sector trade liberalization on the world economy by a ten-region, eleven-sector CGE model with import embodied technology transfer from developed countries to developing countries. Simulation results show that service sector trade liberalization not only directly affects world service production and trade, but also has significant implications for other sectors in the economy. The major channel of the impact is through inter-industry input-output relations and TFP growth induced from services imported by developing countries from developed countries, which may be embodied with new information and advanced technology.     

Performance appraisal and culture: practice and attitudes in Hong Kong and Great Britain

This article compares the practice of and attitudes towards performance appraisal for managerial and professional staff in Hong Kong and Britain, and considers the extent to which actual practice and employee preferences are in alignment. Findings suggest that appraisal may be more widespread in Hong Kong than in Britain. However, British appraisal tends to be more participative and to place greater emphasis on discussing objectives, development and career plans. Hong Kong appraisals appear to be more directive and Hong Kong respondents perceive a higher level of 'negative' appraiser behaviour. In spite of this, Hong Kong respondents show if anything slightly more confidence in the utility of appraisal than do British respondents. They show stronger support for appraisal's use for reward and punishment and less support for the objectives-setting and training and development uses than do the British sample. Hong Kong respondents are more likely than their British counterparts to favour involving a more senior manager in appraisal, and they are less likely to prefer more frequent appraisals. There was little evidence that Hong Kong respondents had a stronger preference for group-based appraisal criteria, although they did show more support than the British sample for the use of personality as a basis for appraisal. Overall, the suggestion is that appraisal has been adopted in Hong Kong organizations but that the practice of appraisal has been adapted to suit the cultural characteristics of the society.     

Narrative construction of expatriate experience and career cycle: discursive patterns in Finnish stories of international

Expatriate experience is not only a disconnected occasion for cross-cultural anxiety and adjustment but also an important event in the process of self-development and learning. Following this view and arguing for a discursive approach, the paper focuses on ways in which expatriates themselves tell and interpret their development and movement across expatriate career cycle. Meaning systems connecting expatriate job with previous and following work experiences in career stories of Finnish engineers and managers were identified using a combination of narrative and discourse analysis. No evidence was found of an autonomous expatriate discourse but, in contrast, expatriate career cycle was narrated using available organizational repertoires of development and career. Describing and discussing the meaning-making properties of three identified discourses - bureaucratic, occupational and enterprising - the paper emphasizes the organizational environment of expatriate experience while acknowledging the limits of these contemporary career vocabularies in addressing individual learning and change in cross-cultural settings.     

Internet professionals: job skills for an on-line age

The paper explores the increasing popularity of the Internet technology Singapore. It argues that the diffusion of Internet technology to South-East Asia would create new duties and responsibilities for human resource (HR) managers. One such duty is the identification of the skills which professional Internet staff would need to perform their work effectively in organizations. Using a triangulation research method, empirical study has identified the new professional Internet jobs which have emerged the IT industry in Singapore and the skills that professional Internet personnel require do their jobs effectively. Analysis of the findings indicates that professional Internet skills involve both technical and creative abilities and that, in explaining or defining professional Internet skills, it is necessary to use both the technical and the social conceptions of skill. This argument is based on the view that the creative skills include tacit skills so that a definition based solely on the technical conception of skill cannot capture the various dimensions of Internet skills. The implications of the research findings for human resource managers are raised.