英国消防和救援部门绩效评估及其启示

文章介绍了英国消防和救援部门（FARs）中综合绩效评估（CPA）和最优价值绩效示标（BVPIs）的实施背景及实施情况,并从评估机制和评估内容上分析了对中国消防服务绩效评估的启示。     

国外开展环境绩效评估的情况及对我国的启示

环境绩效评估是一种开放的而且有效的环境管理工具。随着人们对环境问题认识水平的不断深化,环境绩效评估在各种层次上都获得广泛应用。国外的环境绩效评估研究和实践已经取得了一定成果,而国内的相关研究和实践却相对落后,这与当前我国环境污染严峻形势和任务要求相比极不相称。首先,阐述了环境绩效评估的相关概念;然后,就OECD EPR、GMA EPA以及EPI三种具有代表性的环境绩效评估方法进行了评述;进而探讨了国外的经验对我国开展环境绩效评估的启示。希望有助于我国环境绩效评估的开展。     

基于平衡计分卡的人民银行分支机构绩效评估指标体系研究

平衡计分卡（Balanced Score Card,＂BSC＂）是一个综合评价组织长期战略目标的指标评价系统,是当今世界上较为先进完善、使用最为广泛的绩效管理及评价工具。目前,人民银行正致力于探索和实施绩效管理,绩效评估的难点和要点在于评估指标体系的构建,笔者通过建立基于平衡计分卡的人民银行绩效评估模型,构建了人民银行分支机构绩效评估指标体系,以期能以此改进人民银行绩效评估方法和评估机制,促进人民银行绩效管理和整体绩效水平的提升。     

浅议中小企业如何有效运用平衡计分卡

平衡记分卡是上世纪90年代以来在世界各国企业普遍应用的一种新型战略管理工具,其对企业面向未来根据竞争环境来制定和实施战略起到了重要的作用。很多大企业利用基于平衡记分卡所建立起来的绩效管理系统来进行战略、绩效管理,并取得了显著成效;但是对于相当多的中小企业而言,他们实施平衡记分卡的效果不显著,甚至是失败了。那么,中小企业是否可以引入平衡记分卡这样先进的管理手段呢?在实施中有什么问题?如何解决呢?根据中小企业的特征,对平衡记分卡的设计、实施等环节进行必要的简化,以达到中小企业也能较好运用平衡记分卡的目的。     

高校人事绩效评估系统的构建与实施

针对高校人事绩效评估系统的性质和特点,从绩效评估动员、参数细化、配套制度、实施措施和成效对绩效评估方法进行了阐述,提出了绩效评估实施的关键措施和步骤。     

国家职能部门财务绩效评估初探

各级政府绩效评估主要以政绩和百姓满意度为导向，目前，理论界和实务界都对此进行了不断的探索，但很少对国家职能部门的绩效评估进行研究。本文对国家职能部门在建立财务绩效评估体系和实施评估时需要注意的一些问题进行探讨。     

基于虚拟标杆的基础设施PPP项目绩效评价体系构建

文章依据＂最优价值＂的理念、标杆管理的思想和PPP项目的绩效目标提出了PPP项目虚拟标杆的概念,通过虚拟标杆的确立对PPP项目为实现既定目标和超越目标所产生的长远结果（项目绩效）进行定性和定量的评估。文章根据PPP项目的绩效目标与关键绩效指标（KPI）的相关矩阵以及PPP项目绩效目标水准将虚拟标杆量化,得到绩效标杆,并进一步构建了基于虚拟标杆的PPP项目绩效评价体系。     

绩效管理工作中的七个误区

绩效管理贯穿于企业日常工作的全过程,是企业各项工作按照既定目标顺利完成的有力保证。越来越多的企业对绩效管理工作表示了高度的认同,并尝试在企业管理中实施。但也有一些企业却感到绩效管理的实施不但没有带来绩效的提高,反而在员工中产生了一些纠纷和抵触。我们在对一些案例进行分析后发现,科学、有效的绩效管理是没有问题的,问题的出现是由于企业对绩效管理的理解和操作出现了偏差,从而陷入了一些误区,影响了组织预期目标的实现。误区一:绩效管理与绩效评估是同一个概念这种认识是对绩效管理概念和定位的误解。绩效管理与绩效评估不应…     

建立绩效测评支持系统,促进企业绩效管理

众所周知，企业绩效管理（BPM）．主要针对一致的、可识别的KPI（关键绩效指标）．对业务绩效进行衡量和分析．以支持业务绩效的管理（IDC定义）。由此可以看出．企业绩效管理首先是一个跨业务的．多种业务交互作用的综合管理；其次必须要有统一的．可测量的指标．这是基准；第三需要对测量结果进行分析，找出问题。目的是进行业务改进．以支持战略实施。     

给绩效管理装上流程的齿轮

当企业以战略目标为中心,建立了一套包括绩效计划、绩效实施、绩效评估、绩效结果反馈与运用的绩效管理体系之后,绩效管理仍然在喧嚣热闹之后归于沉寂.     

Evaluating the human resource shared services model: evidence from the NHS

This paper examines the shared service model of organizing the human resource management function. It reports the results from a study of the introduction of human resource shared services (HRSS) in four NHS organizations. Findings suggest that the HRSS model has a number of advantages for organizations but that it has difficulty addressing the transformational HR agenda. In contrast, with the exception of a small cadre of staff, there is few advantages for HR employees themselves in HRSS systems. We suggest that the apparent neglect of the work experience of HR staff under HRSS models may significantly undermine the potential for its wider successful implementation.     

POSTCODE LOTTERIES

Postcode lotteries are meat and drink to journalists. Examples appear limitless and predominantly within state sectors, where they are symptomatic of the ineffectiveness of non‐market allocations. With free‐market trading, the tendency is for competition to eliminate differences; but that tendency is offset by uneven advances in technologies and provision. As competition eliminates one set of discrepancies, other sets inevitably emerge.     

Patient and Public Participation in the English NHS: An assessment of experimental implementation processes

This article analyses the impact of the implementation of a set of policies introduced after 1997 in the English National Health Service aimed at increasing patient and public involvement in organizational decision-making processes. Adopting the ambiguity/conflict policy implementation model and based on a year-long research project, it shows that patient and public engagement can be more effectively achieved when there is room for interpretation and discretion in selecting the means for involvement. Local initiatives, based on effective leadership governance mechanisms and organizational learning processes, are more likely to generate inclusiveness, shared ownership, and user-centredness than a top-down framework for involvement.     

THE PRIVATE FINANCING OF NHS HOSPITALS: POLITICS, POLICY AND PRACTICE

This article outlines and critiques the main fiscal and economic rationales for the Private Finance Initiative and examines the impact of the policy on the long-term financial viability of NHS trusts. It concludes that the PFI funding of capital investment is highly problematic. Its high costs can have a negative impact on the finances of health systems.     

National Health Service Boards of Directors and Governance Models

Abstract

This article reports the findings of a year-long research project focused on the activity of boards of directors of twenty-two trusts from the British National Health Service (NHS). The evidence gathered through the use of semi-structured interviews, focus groups, workshops, feedback questionnaires and document analysis indicates that the behavioural dynamics of boards, affected by the dominance of the expert model, act as antecedents of their statutory functions and the implementation of different governance models. Only a portion of the boards involved has effectively incorporated in its modus operandi post-New Public Management (post-NPM) principles of governance.     

On the cost-benefit of the regionalisation of the National Health Service

In this paper we analyse in formal terms the desirability of the regionalisation of a National Health Service. The policy consists of a devolution process, i.e. the increase in the health services provision to be decided by a region and financed by an increase in its revenues. The change is a marginal one, as it regards the part of supply of the health services exceeding a minimum standard, which for purposes of equity is maintained uniform in the national territory. As the central government is responsible for this component of the provision of health care (a federal “mandate”), the level of the said component is chosen by this authority and financed by federal taxation. Moreover, the government also applies an equalisation scheme based on the difference between a standard level of tax revenues and the revenues which the region is deemed able to raise for this purpose. Within the theoretical context of welfare improving reforms with distortionary taxation, we derive two conditions which focus on the regional, as well as the social, convenience of regionalisation. Received: May 5, 1999 / Accepted: January 21, 2000     

Lean service operations: Reflections and new directions for capacity expansion in outpatient clinics

This field research in outpatient service operations examines original quantitative data on appointments and analyzes a lean process improvement project that was conducted to increase capacity to admit new patients into a healthcare service operation system. Analysis of 1726 intake appointments for the year preceding and the full year following the lean project showed a 27% increase in service capacity to intake new patients and a 12% reduction in the no-show rate as a result of the transformation of service processes achieved by the lean project. This study's action research methodology leverages the researcher's involvement in redesigning a service system that greatly improved performance and led to reflection on traditional operations management (OM) approaches to appointment scheduling. The study generates insights about effective alignment of resources, develops new strategies for service operations to respond to no-shows, reveals time-related variables that have been overlooked in appointment scheduling research, and challenges traditional OM scheduling performance measures. We provide recommendations for effective and appropriate use of overbooking and identify avenues for future research to continuously improve and increase the capacity of service operations.     

Does corruption affect health outcomes in the Philippines?

We examine the effect of corruption on health outcomes in the Philippines. We find that corruption reduces the immunization rates, delays the vaccination of newborns, discourages the use of public health clinics, reduces satisfaction of households with public health services, and increases waiting time at health clinics. We also find that corruption affects public services in rural areas in different ways than urban areas, and that corruption harms the poor more than the wealthy. The research underlying this paper was supported by a grant from the World Bank, financed by the Netherlands Trust Fund.     

The effects of retail channel integration through the use of information technologies on firm performance

The ability of information technologies (ITs) to integrate activities and offerings across multiple channels offers a promising opportunity for retail firms to enhance their relationship with their customers and firm performance. Consumers value the flexibility to learn about the available offerings, complete their orders and obtain customer service across different channels in a convenient and integrated manner. Therefore, the retail industry has begun to use IT extensively to automate and integrate business processes across their traditional and online channels. This study examines the impacts of the use of IT by retail firms in integrating channel activities for selling to customers. Our research model argues that retail channel integration through IT should enhance the efficiency and innovation of a retail firm. In turn, these improvements should enhance their overall performance. We also propose that the environmental dynamism would moderate the effects of improvements in efficiency and innovation on firm performance. We draw upon recent theories in organizational resource integration and organizational learning to develop our research model and hypotheses. Based on survey data from 125 multichannel retailers in Singapore, we find that retail channel integration through the use of IT allows firms to not only be efficient in delivering the current offerings, but also be innovative in creating future offerings. Further, we find that environmental dynamism does positively moderate the effects of innovation ability on performance. Our results provide managerial insights for firms involved in digital integration not only in the retail sector but also in other service industries. These findings could also serve as a foundation for further research on service operations management for firms with both physical and online operations.     

高校轮滑教学对学生身体机能培养的实验研究

轮滑运动以其时尚的魅力和独特的健身价值,在高校新兴体育课程中深受广大学生的青睐。文章采用文献检索法、实验测定法、数理统计法等方式,以陕西科技大学2008级参加轮滑选项课程的学生为研究对象,探讨轮滑课程教学会对学生身体机能产生哪些影响,为高校轮滑课程发展提供理论参考。