在“六求“上下足功夫——谈谈怎样做好调研工作

说到调研,让我想起2005年《中国今日论坛》第11期上的一则报道:广东、贵州、山西、河南、江西、湖北、新疆、云南、辽宁、陕西、四川、青海、北京、安徽……中国"东西南北中"的18个省、自治区、直辖市,是中共中央总书记胡锦涛和国务院总理温家宝一年来调研过的地方.再加上中央政治局其他的7位常委,2004年11月份以来,中央高层的调研脚步遍布全国31个省、自治区、直辖市.     

失败是一种磨砺

罗伯特·麦瑞尔,这位已经演出了近5000场,曾经为9位美国总统演唱过的美国著名男中音,他那令人陶醉的美妙歌声,至今仍令千万人痴迷.可是,又有谁知道这位在纽约布鲁克林贫民窟长大的小男孩,有着严重口吃的毛病呢?在学校读书时,他连回答老师的问题都害怕.而今,他却站在舞台上为歌迷演唱,赢得了雷鸣般的掌声和无数的鲜花,但其中的艰辛有谁能明白?爱迪生、居里夫人、张海迪、陈景润……他们所经历的失败又有谁能数得清呢?     

石家庄旅游购物品开发的非价格竞争对策

石家庄是我国北部的重要城市之一,商业相对繁荣.火车站北侧的中山西路上集中了东方购物广场、国贸中心、人民商场等石家庄最大的几家商场.此外火车站附近还有属于中国十大批发市场的南三条批发市场和新华批发市场,这里是购买各种小商品的乐园.近年来,石家庄已经开发出了不少成型的旅游购物品,如:赞皇金丝大枣、赵州雪花梨、藁城宫面、河北大红袍柿等,但旅游购物品开发仍是其薄弱环节.     

为经济普查趟路的人们

在先期进行的北京市第一次全国经济普查试点中,各区县普查一线活跃着一支得力的普查队伍.在这支队伍中,以区县、乡和街道统计部门的人员为主体,还有从工商、税务、财政等职能部门抽调人员,有丰富经验的"4050"下岗人员,有大学生"志愿者".他们本着为国家、为企业、为所有普查对象高度负责的精神,用自己的心血、勤劳和智慧,感化着普查对象,摸索了普查经验,在这带有历史性记录的第一次全国经济普查活动中谱写了一曲曲时代的颂歌.     

石家庄的超市现状与发展

一、石家庄的超市基本状况石家庄最早的超市成立于1998年5月,是位于西二环与开泰街交叉口的保龙仓超市,它是石家庄市乃至河北省最早的大型综合超市,发展至今,保龙仓超市在石家庄有五个分店:留营店、槐底店、金谈固店、柏林店和保龙仓购物广场;北国超市成立于1999年,其前身为北国商城食品商场,目前有北国超市、西兴店、益友店、天河店、新石店、谈固店、先天下店、自由港店等11家超市;天客隆超市有天客隆超市总店、新华店和红旗店;世纪联华超市有:仓安店、石岗店、金马店;同时还有少量只有一店或两店规模的外来超市.到2006年底大型超市总数将超过28家.同街开店、近邻开店、对门开店频频上演,超市业的商圈半径将由3公里降至1.5公里,甚至1公里.超市不合理地分布在石家庄的中心区和人口密度大的区域.     

基于Mega128单片机简易智能机器人的设计

智能机器人的发展速度很快,但价格高、成本贵,这不但影响机器人爱好者实践,而且使得它的应用受到了限制,影响了我国未来机器人知识的普及.为了解决这一问题,文章提出了一种基于Mega128单片机简易智能机器人的设计.     

2008，拷问企业信誉

<正>在竞争环境,信誉展现企业最突出的优势在买方市场,信誉奠定企业最坚实的基础在信息社会,信誉造就企业最核心的资本在全球化时代,信誉赋予企业整合国际资源最强大的权利众所周知,信誉是企业的公信力,是企业在社会中所获得的美誉度和信任度,在员工、消费者、合作伙伴、股东等利益相关者中占据重要地位,是企业的无形资产。信誉是企业双方合作的前提,是保证契约实施的重要机制。事实表明,一个企业的信誉的价值在于,在顺境里,良好的信誉是企业资产增值的助推器,能为企业     

海外走马“游牧族”

印度&巴基斯坦:在本国兼职,赚全世界的钱 在“自由职业最盛行的国家”排名中,印度居于首位.印度有成千上万的程序员在下班后或者周末做兼职,其客户来自世界各地.互联网使得人们可以跳出传统思维,面向全球寻找新路.27岁的苏雷什·克里希纳在新德里一家IT公司做程序员.下班回家后,克里希纳便登录电脑开始自己的兼职工作,他的服务对象是一个海外私人客户. 在美国,公司花费1万美元请设计师设计图标是司空见惯的事,但印度的工程师平均工资要低廉得多.     

创业黑马,智在风口处“刷”存在感——对话三个爸爸创始人陈海斌

安富大厦,北京南三环一幢普通的写字楼.记者从北京站匆匆地前往目的地,生怕错过约好的时间.走进陈海斌的办公室,碰巧一位创业者前来取经.聊后得知,这位创业者李先生毕业于清华大学,记者惊讶道:“清华高材生一不出国,二不进机关,却辛苦跑来众筹创业,可惜了!”李先生笑着说:“名校毕业生没什么了不起,中国有的是.这么好的创业机会,错过了,才是真的可惜.”李先生插在采访之前,对陈总说:“给我15分钟的时间,我跟您介绍一下我的创业项目,请您帮忙融资.” “15分钟太长了,请您压缩到3分钟.”语罢,陈总开始计时.记者再次陷入惊讶之中.     

周哲:成功最重要的因素是"人"

周哲,毕业于美国斯坦福大学,曾是Google AdWords的第一个工程师,谷歌第103号员工;他被称为"真天使",投资过兰亭集势、安燃电池以及电影《一夜惊喜》等;他做过大型励志创业节目《创赢未来》第二季的导师,点评犀利又很幽默;他是技德科技创始人,做了一款叫做Remix的超级平板电脑(智能迷你电脑主机).     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Hierarchical Models in Environmental Science

Environmental systems are complicated. They include very intricate spatio-temporal processes, interacting on a wide variety of scales. There is increasingly vast amounts of data for such processes from geographical information systems, remote sensing platforms, monitoring networks, and computer models. In addition, often there is a great variety of scientific knowledge available for such systems, from partial differential equations based on first principles to panel surveys. It is argued that it is not generally adequate to consider such processes from a joint perspective. Instead, the processes often must be considered as a coherently linked system of conditional models. This paper provides a brief overview of hierarchical approaches applied to environmental processes. The key elements of such models can be considered in three general stages, the data stage, process stage, and parameter stage. In each stage, complicated dependence structure is mitigated by conditioning. For example, the data stage can incorporate measurement errors as well as multiple datasets with varying supports. The process and parameter stages can allow spatial and spatio-temporal processes as well as the direct inclusion of scientific knowledge. The paper concludes with a discussion of some outstanding problems in hierarchical modelling of environmental systems, including the need for new collaboration approaches.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Sixty years of discrimination and diversity research in human resource management: A review with suggestions for future research directions

This article reviews discrimination and diversity research published in Human Resource Management (HRM) over the past 60 years. While discrimination and diversity are very different constructs, it is often informative to study them together, because when people recognize each other's diversity, this can result in bias, stereotyping, and discrimination. We conducted bibliographic searches for terms related to discrimination and diversity as well as a manual search through every title and abstract published in HRM over the last 60 years to assess article relevance. The search resulted in 135 research articles with 136 unique studies (i.e., samples) which are reviewed in this article. Sex and race are the demographics that have been examined the most in HRM, while religion has been examined the least. Moreover, the number of studies examining lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) employees in the workplace in HRM has grown quickly within the past 10 years, culminating in a recent meta‐analysis. Our review looks at some of the earliest research published, the most recent research published, and the overall trends we identified in the research over the years for both discrimination and diversity articles. We then make future research suggestions and recommendations to advance the study of discrimination and diversity in the coming years.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

City Children and Genderfied Neighbourhoods: The New Generation as Urban Regeneration Strategy

Former industrial cities in the West are employing gentrification as urban policy. In these policies, women and families currently play an important role as gentrification pioneers. In my analysis of Rotterdam in the Netherlands, I propose the term genderfication to understand the gender dimensions of this process. Genderfication refers to the production of space for different gender relations. I analyse Rotterdam's urban planning program for becoming a ‘child‐friendly city’, which entails replacing existing urban dwellings with new, larger and more expensive ‘family‐friendly homes’ as a strategy for urban re‐generation. Urban re‐generation supplements regeneration in the form of material and economic restructuring, and refers to the replacement of part of the current population by a new and better suited generation. The ‘child‐friendly city program’ is considered in tandem with punitive ‘youth policies’.     

Multinomial distributions applied to random sampling of particulate materials

When sampling a batch consisting of particulate material, the distribution of a sample estimator can be characterized using knowledge about the sample drawing process. With Bernoulli sampling, the number of particles in the sample is binomially distributed. Because this is rarely realized in practice, we propose a sampling design in which the possible samples have a nearly equal mass. Expected values and variances of the sample estimator are calculated. It is shown that the sample estimator becomes identical to the Horvitz–Thompson estimator in the case of a large batch-to-sample mass ratio and a large sample mass. Simulations and experiments were performed to test the theory. Simulations confirm that the round-off error due to the discrete nature of particles is negligible for large sample sizes. Sampling experiments were carried out with a mixture of PolyPropylene (PP) and PolyTetraFluorEthylene (PTFE) spheres suspended in a viscous medium. The measured and theoretical variations are in good agreement.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.