航空安全管理中人为因素影响及应对措施

文章主要研究航空安全管理问题,聚焦航空安全管理中的人为因素。首先对于航空安全管理中的人为因素内涵进行了阐述,然后从专业技能、思想意识和沟通交流三方面分析实践中影响航空安全人为因素的具体表现,最后有针对性地提出了应对航空安全管理中人为因素的措施。     

关于人文因素对航空安全影响的研究

人的控制性行为都是基于人的主体的意识和行为，在航空运行过程中，人为的因素对航空的影响是多方面的，对航空安全的预防和控制也是多层次的，在不同的人文因素下，航空的自动化、大型化和高速化的发展态势会受到不同程度的制约和影响，庞大的、不稳定的航空系统极其受到人为因素的干扰，这其中与硬件的设计、制造及维修和管理等诸环节有密不可分的联系，影响了航空的安全运行效能。因此，要从人文因素入手，分析潜在的因素，提升航空的安全可靠性。     

人为因素对航空安全的影响与对策研究

航空安全是一个系统工程,包括人、机、环境三大环节,随着科技的不断发展,运行环境的不断完善,人为因素已成为制约航空安全水平的首要环节。     

民族特色资源数据库研究文献计量分析

文章利用文献计量软件SATI、可视化软件Citespace,以中国知网数据库刊载的375篇文献为分析对象,从论文发表时间、主要刊发期刊、论文作者、所在机构四个方面进行文献计量分析。并通过对知识图谱的解读,分析民族特色资源数据库研究的演变过程,总结民族特色资源数据库研究的研究热点与前沿。     

航空快递安全需多方护航

2012年，上海圆通速递、上海韵达货运等几家企业因航空安全事故而接到罚单的事件，影响的绝非当事企业，更让全行业掀起了一场关于如何确保航空货运安全的探讨。面对层层漏洞和重重难题，业内形成共识：保障航空快递安全需相关各方共同努力。     

航空货代业整顿的背后

中航协针对航空安全展开的整顿货运代理大规模活动,引发了一系列的连锁反应。业内专家表示,航空货代业的良性发展还在于相关规则的完善以及长效机制的建立。2012年12月12日,中国航空运输协会(下文简称"中航协")对外宣布:针对全国航空安全的整顿货运代理企业的活动将延期为5个月。整顿期间,全国范围内都不再审批新的货运代理资质,今后申请航空货代企业的注册资金也将翻倍。2012年10月22日,南航CZ6524航班在大连周水子国际机场落地后发生了货物燃烧事件。民航局调查后发     

基于ISM的民航飞行事故分析

飞行事故的分析是航空安全的重要组成部分,只有对事故原因宏观及微观的剖析,才能促进航空业安全的发展。对过去的飞行事故诱因的分析,可有效的避免未来飞行事故,保障航空安全。本文从系统观角度,利用系统模型中的解释结构模型(ISM),宏观分析导致飞行事故的诱因。结合案例证明ISM在飞行事故分析中的有效适用性,并且可得出人为因素导致飞行事故的各诱因层次关系,提出相关的安全建议。     

高校图书馆期刊文献资源建设的有效路径选择

针对当前高校图书馆期刊文献资源建设存在的问题,从坚持持续性、多元化的有效采访、积极探索期刊文献资源的优化整合及阅读共享、构建以支撑重点学科需求和贡献办学特色凝炼的特色期刊文献资源建设规划、以教学合格评估为契机全面提高期刊文献资源建设质量、探寻应对网络化资源挑战的期刊文献资源建设的新思路等方面提出了一些看法和建议,为高校图书馆期刊文献资源建设提供了参考路径。     

如何控制飞机维修中的人为差错

随着我国社会主义现代化建设的不断发展,我国的航空技术水平得到了空前的提高。目前许多先进的科学技术在航空领域得到了充分地应用,航空飞行具有了更高的安全性与可靠性。然而,作为航空安全的一个重要因素,飞机维修中的人为差错也是影响航空飞行安全的一个不可忽略的因素,本文将着重对飞机维修过程中的人为差错进行深入分析,采用事故实例的方法,使人们认识到人为差错形成的原因与后果,并针对这些问题,提出科学、有效的控制方法,提高飞机飞行安全,为相关的飞机维修人员提供一个参考与借鉴。     

航空维修差错的控制与预防研究

航空维修差错是诱发或直接导致民航飞行事故重要的原因之一,这一因素在当今的航空维修工作中也表现得日益突出。分析研究维修差错,对于减少航空安全事故及事故症候,提高航班正常率和飞机利用率,都具有十分重要意义。文章针对航空维修差错的定义、特征、产生原因等方面进行了初步分析,并在此基础上提出了预防策略。     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.     

Sixty years of discrimination and diversity research in human resource management: A review with suggestions for future research directions

This article reviews discrimination and diversity research published in Human Resource Management (HRM) over the past 60 years. While discrimination and diversity are very different constructs, it is often informative to study them together, because when people recognize each other's diversity, this can result in bias, stereotyping, and discrimination. We conducted bibliographic searches for terms related to discrimination and diversity as well as a manual search through every title and abstract published in HRM over the last 60 years to assess article relevance. The search resulted in 135 research articles with 136 unique studies (i.e., samples) which are reviewed in this article. Sex and race are the demographics that have been examined the most in HRM, while religion has been examined the least. Moreover, the number of studies examining lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) employees in the workplace in HRM has grown quickly within the past 10 years, culminating in a recent meta‐analysis. Our review looks at some of the earliest research published, the most recent research published, and the overall trends we identified in the research over the years for both discrimination and diversity articles. We then make future research suggestions and recommendations to advance the study of discrimination and diversity in the coming years.     

The Early History of the Cumulants and the Gram-Charlier Series

The early history of the Gram-Charlier series is discussed from three points of view: (1) a generalization of Laplace's central limit theorem, (2) a least squares approximation to a continuous function by means of Chebyshev-Hermite polynomials, (3) a generalization of Gauss's normal distribution to a system of skew distributions. Thiele defined the cumulants in terms of the moments, first by a recursion formula and later by an expansion of the logarithm of the moment generating function. He devised a differential operator which adjusts any cumulant to a desired value. His little known 1899 paper in Danish on the properties of the cumulants is translated into English in the Appendix.     

Capturing the Implications of Services Trade Liberalization

This paper evaluates the impact of service sector trade liberalization on the world economy by a ten-region, eleven-sector CGE model with import embodied technology transfer from developed countries to developing countries. Simulation results show that service sector trade liberalization not only directly affects world service production and trade, but also has significant implications for other sectors in the economy. The major channel of the impact is through inter-industry input-output relations and TFP growth induced from services imported by developing countries from developed countries, which may be embodied with new information and advanced technology.     

City Children and Genderfied Neighbourhoods: The New Generation as Urban Regeneration Strategy

Former industrial cities in the West are employing gentrification as urban policy. In these policies, women and families currently play an important role as gentrification pioneers. In my analysis of Rotterdam in the Netherlands, I propose the term genderfication to understand the gender dimensions of this process. Genderfication refers to the production of space for different gender relations. I analyse Rotterdam's urban planning program for becoming a ‘child‐friendly city’, which entails replacing existing urban dwellings with new, larger and more expensive ‘family‐friendly homes’ as a strategy for urban re‐generation. Urban re‐generation supplements regeneration in the form of material and economic restructuring, and refers to the replacement of part of the current population by a new and better suited generation. The ‘child‐friendly city program’ is considered in tandem with punitive ‘youth policies’.     

Hierarchical Models in Environmental Science

Environmental systems are complicated. They include very intricate spatio-temporal processes, interacting on a wide variety of scales. There is increasingly vast amounts of data for such processes from geographical information systems, remote sensing platforms, monitoring networks, and computer models. In addition, often there is a great variety of scientific knowledge available for such systems, from partial differential equations based on first principles to panel surveys. It is argued that it is not generally adequate to consider such processes from a joint perspective. Instead, the processes often must be considered as a coherently linked system of conditional models. This paper provides a brief overview of hierarchical approaches applied to environmental processes. The key elements of such models can be considered in three general stages, the data stage, process stage, and parameter stage. In each stage, complicated dependence structure is mitigated by conditioning. For example, the data stage can incorporate measurement errors as well as multiple datasets with varying supports. The process and parameter stages can allow spatial and spatio-temporal processes as well as the direct inclusion of scientific knowledge. The paper concludes with a discussion of some outstanding problems in hierarchical modelling of environmental systems, including the need for new collaboration approaches.     

Multinomial distributions applied to random sampling of particulate materials

When sampling a batch consisting of particulate material, the distribution of a sample estimator can be characterized using knowledge about the sample drawing process. With Bernoulli sampling, the number of particles in the sample is binomially distributed. Because this is rarely realized in practice, we propose a sampling design in which the possible samples have a nearly equal mass. Expected values and variances of the sample estimator are calculated. It is shown that the sample estimator becomes identical to the Horvitz–Thompson estimator in the case of a large batch-to-sample mass ratio and a large sample mass. Simulations and experiments were performed to test the theory. Simulations confirm that the round-off error due to the discrete nature of particles is negligible for large sample sizes. Sampling experiments were carried out with a mixture of PolyPropylene (PP) and PolyTetraFluorEthylene (PTFE) spheres suspended in a viscous medium. The measured and theoretical variations are in good agreement.