需求与价格相关条件下的收入共享契约——以XY水泥企业为例

供应链管理的效率已经成为众多现代化企业能否在市场竞争中取胜的关键。同时企业商品的销售价格可以成为影响供应链各成员企业的关键因素之一,文中假设一个两阶段的供应链由上游的XY水泥制造企业和下游的零售商所组成的。分析零售商如何制定合理的水泥销售价格既能保证供应链各成员的稳定收益,又能保证整条供应链效益的最优化。     

房地产住宅价格影响因素的实证分析——以沈阳市为例

住宅价格是房地产市场的晴雨表,能够反应房地产市场的供需情况,以及政策的影响。本文通过对沈阳市住宅价格影响因素进行分析,确立研究指标,并借助沈阳市2002年到2011年统计数据,运用Eviews软件对数据进行回归分析,得到沈阳市商品住宅价格变动回归方程,从而为房地产企业决策及政府制定政策提供理论依据。     

Firm's resilience to supply chain disruptions: Scale development and empirical examination

This paper expands our understanding of factors that contribute to development of firm resilience to supply chain disruptions. In doing so, we operationalize firm resilience to understand how supply chain disruption orientated firms can develop resilience to supply chain disruptions. We find that supply chain disruption orientation alone is not enough for a firm to develop resilience. Supply chain disruption oriented firms require the ability to reconfigure resources or have a risk management resource infrastructure to develop resilience. The way in which supply chain disruption oriented firms develop resilience through resource reconfiguration or risk management infrastructure depends on the context of the disruption as high impact or low impact. In a high impact disruption context, resource reconfiguration fully mediates the relationship between supply chain disruption orientation and firm resilience. In a low impact disruption context, supply chain disruption orientation and risk management infrastructure have a synergistic effect on developing firm resilience.     

供应链管理对钢铁品牌力影响的动力学分析

以钢铁品牌为研究对象,首先从品牌市场占有率、品牌盈利能力和品牌发展潜力三个方面分析了影响品牌力的供应链管理因素;然后利用Vensim软件建立钢铁品牌生态系统动力学模型,并进行了系统动力学仿真;最后,分析结果表明,在供应链管理因素中,原材料价格水平、库存周转率、分销水平因素和人力因素的改善对钢铁品牌力有明显的提升作用。     

Agent-based simulation of consumer purchase behaviour based on quality,price and promotion

ABSTRACT

This paper studies the influence factors in consumer purchase behaviour. First, through reading and analysing the related paper, the authors summarise a lot of influence factors. Second, combined with the theme of the study, experts and scholars discuss these influence factors and choose quality, price and promotion of commodity as the object of this paper. Third, this paper presents an agent-based model and simulation method on the consumer purchase behaviours based on quality, price and promotion of commodity. The utility function is used to describe the model, which is implemented under NetLogo simulation environment. The results show that the proposed model can analyse and predict the effects of different quality, price and promotion strategies by the emergence of consumer purchase behaviour.     

基于系统动力学的汽车供应链风险因素分析

在分析汽车供应链风险因素的基础上,应用系统动力学理论与方法,对汽车供应链安全水平进行动态预测,研究不同风险因素对汽车供应链整体安全水平的影响,并通过仿真计算、对比分析各因素的风险防范投入增加率对整体安全水平影响的大小,求证风险防范投入与汽车供应链安全水平的相关性。仿真分析表明,该方法为汽车供应链风险管理提供了一个新的思路。     

基于支持向量机的鸡蛋供应链中价格预警研究

鸡蛋价格的大幅波动对鸡蛋供应链中生产者、经营者和消费者产生严重的影v向,因此鸡蛋供应链中的价格预警问题亟待研究。支持向量机是一种建立在统计学习理论基础上的机器学习方法,能够较好地解决小样本、非线性和局部极小点等问题。文中基于支持向量机方法建立鸡蛋价格预警模型,运用libsvm软件对样本集进行参数寻优、训练和测试。结果表明模型预警结果与实际情况相符,模型可以帮助鸡蛋供应链中的各主体在采购、生产、仓储、销售等方面更好地决策。     

番茄供应链的现状及问题分析——基于新疆番茄数据

近两年来,番茄供应链出现了较大的波动性,农户和加工企业利益受损,整个供应链陷入"减产—涨价—增产—跌价—减产"的恶性循环;基于新疆番茄供应链的调查数据,进一步分析发现番茄制品加工企业决策的盲目性、信息传递的滞后性以及供应链核心企业地位的缺失是导致番茄产品供应链波动的主要原因;加强农户的组织化程度、建立供应链核心企业地位可以增加供应链的协同性,对完善番茄供应链体系提供参考建议。     

我国航空军品供应链中的不确定因素预防策略研究

针对航空军品供应链的特点,将不确定性因素管理理论应用于我国航空军品供应领域,逐一分析供应链上每个环节可能出现的不确定性因素,给出相应的预防策略以减少不确定性因素可能对航空军品供应带来的不利影响。     

Uniting partners to cope with environmental uncertainty: Disentangling the role of social capital in developing supply chain agility

Based on social capital theory, in this study, we investigate how a firm utilized social capital to coordinate partners in the achievement of supply chain agility under different levels of environmental uncertainty. We test the proposed hypotheses via a hierarchical regression analysis using questionnaire survey data collected from 190 firms in China. The empirical results show that cognitive, relational, and structural capital positively influence supply chain agility. Furthermore, environmental uncertainty positively moderates the positive relationship between relational capital and supply chain agility, whereas environmental uncertainty negatively moderates the positive roles of cognitive and structural capital. The findings suggest managers should adopt different strategies when leveraging social capital according to the business environment. In unpredictable and volatile business environments, managers should motivate their firms to embrace relational capital to obtain sufficient resources for achieving supply chain agility.     

基于损失规避型零售商的供应链协调契约研究

在现代市场竞争日趋激烈的环境下,企业决策者的行为偏好对企业的成败有重大的影响。文章在前景理论的基础上,考虑损失规避型零售商与风险中性的供应商组成的供应链系统。在零售商面临需求受价格影响的前提下,在批发价格契约下分析损失规避特性对决策者行为的影响,最后通过价格补贴契约实现供应链的协调。     

THE EMPIRICAL MERIT OF STRUCTURAL EXPLANATIONS OF COMMODITY PRICE VOLATILITY: REVIEW AND PERSPECTIVES

This paper presents both the history of and state‐of‐the‐art in empirical modeling approaches to the world commodity price volatility. The analysis builds on the storage model and key milestones in its development. Specifically, it is intended to offer a reader unfamiliar with the relevant literature an insight into the modeling issues at stake from both a historical and speculative viewpoint. The review considers primarily the empirical techniques designed to assess the merits of the storage theory; it does not address purely statistical approaches that do not rely on storage theory and that have been studied in depth in other streams of the commodity price literature. The paper concludes with some suggestions for future research to try to resolve some of the existing empirical flaws, and hopefully to increase the explanatory power of the storage model.     

Independent component analysis for realized volatility: Analysis of the stock market crash of 2008

This paper investigates the factors that drove the U.S. equity market returns from 2007 to early 2010. The period was highlighted by volatile energy and commodity prices, the collapse of insurance and banking firms, extreme implied volatility and a subsequent rally in the overall market. To extract the driving factors, we decompose the returns of the S&P500 sector ETFs into statistically independent signals using independent component analysis. We find that the generated factors have interesting financial interpretations and are consistent with the major economic themes of the period. We find that there are two sets of general market betas during the period along with a dominant factor for energy and materials sector. In addition, we find that the EGARCH model which accommodates asymmetric responses between returns and volatility can plausibly fit the high levels of variance during the crash. Finally, estimated correlations dropped when commodity prices moved higher, but then spiked when the S&P500 crashed in late 2008.     

Supply chain risk management in India – practical insights

This paper reviews the supply chain risk management (SCRM) literature to identify as well as to discuss and elaborate on the impact and origin of major supply chain risk factors in an Indian context. Through a combination of existing literature and a survey instrument, we identify major SCRM issues including underlying supply chain risks and thereafter identify gaps, issues and opportunities for further research. SCRM has become a popular research topic, in part owing to increased globalisation of business. Moreover competitive factors such as shorter product life cycles, technological innovations and changing government policies have brought this topic more sharply into focus. We carried out a survey among Indian supply chain professionals, based on supply chain risk constructs developed from a literature review. Statistical analysis utilised exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to determine the major risk factors in the Indian supply chain sector. We found a range of supply chain risks prevalent in Indian supply chains, classified here as cultural, operational, infrastructure, economic, forecasting and supplier-related risks. However, for a variety of reasons and as discussed in the paper, the implications can vary considerably. Based on the findings we provide a future SCRM research agenda from an Indian perspective. As international supply chains increasingly have Indian partners and domestic firms within India seek to be globally competitive, the risks need to be better understood. This is the first detailed study on SCRM practices in an Indian context.     

“双循环”新格局下我国跨国制造企业的供应链战略

文章主要研究"双循环"新格局下我国跨国制造企业的供应链战略。考虑当前国家发展战略,我国跨国制造企业全球供应链宜采取双供应链模式。通过对一些典型跨国企业的跨国战略及供应链模式进行分析,再基于已有的理论研究成果和风险共担原理,进一步提出双供应链的优化结构,即"星状"生产模型。"星状"生产模型是由中国本土生产基地和许多海外微型"速度工厂"组成。基于这种双供应链的跨国战略很好地权衡了全球化与响应性两种目标,既能够降低生产成本又可及时响应海外市场。     

The effects of innovation–cost strategy, knowledge, and action in the supply chain on firm performance

Despite the importance of supply chains within today's economy, we know little about how the knowledge of supply chains can contribute to superior performance at the firm level. Building on the resource-based view, knowledge-based view and strategic choice theory, we develop hypotheses linking two knowledge-driven supply chain phenomena (i.e., knowledge development capacity and intellectual capital), innovation–cost strategy, and action to firm-level performance. Using survey and archival data from 489 firms, we found that performance is influenced by how well knowledge development capacity and intellectual capital efforts complement alternative chain strategies. More specifically, each strategy type requires different constellations of knowledge development capacity and intellectual capital to enhance action and create superior firm performance. These results highlight the importance of supply chain phenomena for firm-level performance, and more broadly, the value of supply chains as a competitive weapon in contemporary firms.     

The impact of option listing on the price volatility and trading volume of underlying OTC stocks

This paper examines the impact of an initial option listing on the price volatility and trading volume of underlying OTC stocks. The sample is divided by market value to determine whether larger firms are impacted differently by option listing than smaller firms. We find relative trading volume increases significantly, with the small and medium market value firms showing the largest gain. However, the tests show no evidence of changes in price volatility following option listing. No significant changes were found in either the firms' betas or variance following option initiation. The results provide further evidence that option listing does not destabilize the market for the underlying stock.     

The impact of supply chain quality management practices and knowledge transfer on organisational performance: an empirical investigation from China

In recent years, both quality management practices (QMP) and knowledge transfer (KT) have been studied extensively from inter-organisational and intra-organisational perspectives. However, to the best of our knowledge, the interaction between QMP and KT in a supply chain and their joint effects on organisational performance have not been addressed fully. The purpose of this paper is to provide insights for improving performance by mapping the relationship between supply chain quality management practices (SCQMP) and KT. A survey of 157 Chinese manufacturing firms is used to test a conceptual model that proposes relationship among SCQMP, KT and organisational performance (including operational performance and innovation performance). Structural equation modelling reveals that internal QMP have significantly positive effect on internal KT, while QMP at supply chain level have highly positive effect on cross-organisational KT. Furthermore, the results show that both internal KT and cross-organisational KT can promote operational and innovation performance, although the influence from internal KT is much more significant than cross-organisational KT for Chinese firms. The findings contribute to theory as well as practice by increasing understanding of how to improve the operational and innovation performance through enhancing SCQMP and KT.     

Effects of enterprise technology on supply chain collaboration: analysis of China-linked supply chain

Supply chain collaboration has received increasing attention from scholars and practitioners in recent years. However, our understanding of how enterprise information technology facilitates supply chain collaboration is still very limited, especially with regard to Chinese enterprise ownerships such as state-owned firms, joint-venture firms and local village-owned firms. This paper extends the theory established in enterprise information technology (IT) and supply chain collaboration literature and relates it with coordination in China-linked supply chain. Drawing upon an empirical study from 177 Chinese companies, we provide three major findings: (i) uncovered the importance of leveraging enterprise IT through supply chain collaboration; (ii) identified the relationship between enterprise ownership and enterprise technology use and supply chain collaboration in China-linked supply chain and (iii) illustrated effects of supply chain collaborative activities on operational and market performance.     

The selection of contracts in supply chains: An empirical analysis

This paper seeks to empirically identify the key drivers for firms in selecting a contract in a supply chain by investigating their performance, supply chain orientation, and supply chain integration. A conceptual model is drawn up based on the existing literature in supply chain coordination contracts, performance, supply chain orientation, and supply chain integration and tested on a large sample of European firms. Multiple and multinomial logistic regression models allow for estimating the relationships between these variables. Our results demonstrate that the selection of contracts and the probability of their adoption depend on several combinations of firms' performance, supply chain orientation, and integration. Overall, the research provides an empirical contribution to the literature on coordination with contracts, which turns out to be mainly game theory based.