基于投影模型的不确定语言型多属性决策方法及应用

研究了不确定语言型多属性决策评价结果与决策者对方案的偏好信息之间存在偏差的问题,提出了基于投影模型的不确定多属性决策方法。该方法通过建立与区间型语言标度对应的术语指标矩阵,及方案综合属性值与决策者主观偏好值之间的投影模型,确定属性的权重,然后运用加权法得到方案的综合属性值,利用已有的可能度矩阵排序公式得到决策方案的排序。最后,通过算例对该方法的实用性和有效性进行了说明。     

一种基于模糊距离和证据理论的多属性群决策方法

针对语言评价信息形式的多属性群决策问题,提出了一种基于模糊距离和D-S证据理论的群决策方法。该方法首先运用基于模糊距离的方法来获得决策者权重,再对多个决策者给出的语言评价信息进行分析,然后通过D-S合成法则对其值进行合成。计算信度函数和似真函数,据此对所有决策方案进行排序。最后通过一个算例验证该方法的可行性和有效性。     

一种基于不确定多属性群决策的油料保障(库)站配置地域优选方法

针对作战后勤保障力最配置地域选择与调整的紧迫性,具体分析了战时油料保障(库)站配置地域选择的基本条件,从而提出了配置地域选择的评价指标体系,根据该决策问题的特点,采用不确定语言信息多属性群决策方法建模,进行量化分析,选取了目前对不确定语言信息处理较为准确的语言标度法,并用多属性群决策扩大了有效信息获取量,基于现实情况,对属性权重信息进行不确定性处理,通过实例运用分析,说明了该类油库保障(库)站配置地域决策问题和该方法很好的结合,增强了语言信息有效性,提高了决策准确度与实用性.     

基于ED-GRA和CPT的图书馆供应商选择的决策方法

为了解决高校图书馆图书供应商选择问题中的决策者认知复杂问题,反应决策者的心理与行为特征,本文提出一种基于认知复杂的多属性决策方法。首先,采用欧式距离(ED)和灰色关联分析法(GRA)确定专家权重和图书供应商评价指标体系的权重;然后,提出基于累积前景理论(CPT)的多属性决策方法,计算图书供应商的综合前景值。     

基于VIKOR改进的偏好概率语言算子及其多准则群决策应用

本文主要介绍一种引入距离测度的偏好概率语言集结算子,该算子通过引入距离测度,从而使得概率语言集结算子能够多属性群决策应中能够更好的发挥其作用。最后通过算例对其进行说明。     

灰色关联投影法在高速公路沥青路面预养护措施选择中的应用

高速公路沥青路面预养护措施的决策,是预养护的一项关键技术。综合应用灰色关联分析法和矢量投影法,并介绍了该方法的基本原理,建立了一种基于多目标灰色关联投影法的预养护措施选择的决策模型。用实例证明所得的决策结果与基于费用效益比较,与项目级综合评判的决策结果基本一致,说明该方法应用于选择高速公路沥青路面最佳预养护措施是可行有效的。     

基于群决策的供应商选择方法研究

针对供应链管理下的供应商选择问题,给出了一种多属性群决策方法。在采用主观赋权法确定专家权重和客观赋权法确定属性权重基础上,引入专家权重客观调整方法,使决策结果更合理。最后以算例说明该方法可行性和有效性。     

基于粗糙集与分类回归树的“病例组合”分类研究

论文根据粗糙集和决策树技术两种理论的互补性,研究一种新的“病例组合”分类模型：将粗糙集与分类回归树相结合的“病例组合”分类模型。该模型既具有粗糙集的一些优点：通过属性约简,可以成功地剔除知识库中的冗余属性,发现知识中隐藏的关联和规则,帮助人们做出正确简洁的决策;又具有决策树的分类精度高,有良好的学习能力和简单的树形结构。     

n-直觉多边形模糊有序加权距离算子及其在绿色供应商评价中的应用

n-直觉多边形模糊集(n-intuitionistic polygonal fuzzy sets)是三角形直觉模糊集(TIFS)和梯形直觉模糊集(TRIFS)的扩展形式。针对决策信息为n-直觉多边形模糊集的多属性决策问题,提出了一种基于有序加权距离测度的多属性决策方法。在分析现有n-直觉多边形模糊集距离测度方法不足的基础上,首先概括了n-IPFSs的概念和运算法则;其次提出了n-直觉多边形模糊有序加权距离算子(n-IPFOWD),并给出了该测度的权重确定方法;最后提出了一种基于n-直觉多边形模糊有序加权距离算子(n-IPFOWD)的多属性决策方法,并用绿色供应商评价实例验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

一种基于TOPSIS的多属性决策方法研究

文章给出了一种基于TOPSIS的多属性决策方法,并通过实例检验了该方法的有效性。     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.     

Sixty years of discrimination and diversity research in human resource management: A review with suggestions for future research directions

This article reviews discrimination and diversity research published in Human Resource Management (HRM) over the past 60 years. While discrimination and diversity are very different constructs, it is often informative to study them together, because when people recognize each other's diversity, this can result in bias, stereotyping, and discrimination. We conducted bibliographic searches for terms related to discrimination and diversity as well as a manual search through every title and abstract published in HRM over the last 60 years to assess article relevance. The search resulted in 135 research articles with 136 unique studies (i.e., samples) which are reviewed in this article. Sex and race are the demographics that have been examined the most in HRM, while religion has been examined the least. Moreover, the number of studies examining lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) employees in the workplace in HRM has grown quickly within the past 10 years, culminating in a recent meta‐analysis. Our review looks at some of the earliest research published, the most recent research published, and the overall trends we identified in the research over the years for both discrimination and diversity articles. We then make future research suggestions and recommendations to advance the study of discrimination and diversity in the coming years.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Ansätze und Ergebnisse anglo-amerikanischer M&A-Forschung

Based on a review of established U.S. management journals (1995–2003), six schools of thought are identified within the Anglo-American M&;A research: “Capital Market”, “Principal/Agent”, “Industrial Organization”, “Organizational Behavior”, “Human Resources” and “Strategic Management”. The literature review shows that the definition of M&;A success, the methods applied, and insights from empirical research differ according to the respective school of thought. Empirical studies focus on the resource combinations of merger partners, the specific circumstances of merger negotiations, and on integration management as antecedents of merger performance. Unfortunately, empirical findings have not yet provided reliable explanations for M&;A success. Based on the current state of Anglo-American M&;A research, the authors discuss implications for business practice, identify research gaps, and propose areas for future research.     

Introduction of New Technology with a Sound Transition of the Input-Output Structure

We examine the general equilibrium repercussions associated with the introduction of new technologies, using the generalized Leontief system that allows technological substitutions. We show that an untested introduction of cost-increasing technologies in any industry may result in creating a non-productive technological structure that does not satisfy the Hawkins-Simon condition, following the autonomous dynamic adjustment process with structural transitions in the economic system. Therefore, we propose a practicable control scheme of introducing cost-increasing technologies that strictly avoids the creation of non-productive structures in all periods of structural transition, using the available information on the ex ante technological structure.