普适性信任、知识共享宽度与企业开放式创新绩效

在共享经济与知识经济环境下，开放式创新成为企业组织谋求可持续发展的竞争着力点。从普适性信任出发，引入知识共享宽度作为中介变量，构建企业开放式创新绩效形成路径分析框架。以421份调查问卷数据为支撑，采用结构方程模型方法，开展实证分析。研究发现：内部普适性信任作用于内部知识共享宽度，并对内向型和外向型开放式创新绩效产生显著正向影响；外部普适性信任作用于外部知识共享宽度，也对内向型和外向型开放式创新绩效产生显著正向影响；知识共享宽度的中介效应显著，网络嵌入性显著调节普适性信任对知识共享宽度的作用，而编码能力和吸收能力显著调节知识共享宽度对开放式创新绩效的作用。     

外部知识溢出、研发双重效应与企业创新绩效

在开放创新的背景下,内部研发支出和外部知识溢出是企业创新绩效的内外支撑.本文基于扩展的吸收能力模型,利用中国制造业企业微观数据和地区专利数据,考察外部知识溢出和内部研发支出对企业创新绩效的影响.结果表明,内部研发支出具有直接促进创新和增强吸收能力的双重效应,外部知识溢出对企业创新的影响受到其自身吸收能力的调节.外部知识溢出和内部研发支出对创新绩效的影响既依赖于知识来源和知识复杂性,也依赖于市场化改革进程、知识产权保护程度、行业知识生产活跃度和行业要素密集度.本文的研究结论对新时代建设创新型国家具有政策提示作用.     

社会资本、知识获取与创新绩效:基于供应链视角

基于社会资本和知识管理理论,探讨了在中国关系社会背景下社会资本与创新绩效之间的关系,检验了知识获取对二者关系的调节效应,揭示了供应链管理中社会资本对创新绩效的影响机制以及知识获取在创新中的重要作用。基于供应链视角,从供应商、企业内部、客户3个方面对社会资本进行了探讨,并运用278家制造企业的调研数据,采用线性回归及调节效应检验方法对假设进行了实证检验。研究结果表明:企业内部社会资本和客户社会资本对企业创新绩效有显著的正向影响;知识获取对社会资本(供应商、企业内部、客户)与创新绩效之间的关系具有正向调节效应。     

创新开放度 、知识整合和企业创新绩效 ——基于跨国知识搜索视角的实证研究

基于知识管理理论视角,将企业知识整合和跨国知识搜索纳入研究框架,利用层级回归分析和结构方程模型实证研究了创新开放度对企业创新绩效的影响机理。实证结果显示:创新开放度(开放广度与开放深度)正向影响企业知识整合和创新绩效;知识整合在创新开放度(广度与深度)与组织创新绩效的关系中起到部分中介作用;跨国知识搜索在创新开放度与组织创新绩效的关系中起到正向调节作用。     

企业社交媒体使用与创新绩效—— 知识存量的中介作用和创新氛围的调节作用

基于知识与创新理论,建立了包含企业社交媒体使用、知识存量、创新氛围和创新绩效的理论模型,并利用结构方程模型对380份有效问卷进行了实证分析。结果显示:面向外部与内部的社交媒体使用均对创新绩效有正向影响;知识存量在面向外部和内部的社交媒体使用与创新绩效的关系中皆起到了中介作用;创新氛围在面向外部的社交媒体使用与创新绩效、面向内部的社交媒体使用与创新绩效、知识存量与创新绩效三对关系中都起到了正向调节作用。     

高新技术企业研发团队沟通行为对自主创新绩效的影响——以知识吸收能力为中介变量

在知识经济时代，知识是企业发展和创新的源泉与重要资源。研发团队沟通行为是影响高新技术企业自主创新绩效的重要因素，探究其对自主创新绩效的影响机制具有重要意义。以社会认同、知识共享等理论为基础，以知识吸收能力为中介变量，分析高新技术企业研发团队沟通行为与自主创新绩效的关系，运用逐步回归分析法对288份有效样本进行实证分析。研究发现：研发团队合作性沟通对团队产品创新绩效和工艺创新绩效有正向影响；研发团队竞争性沟通和回避性沟通对团队产品创新绩效和工艺创新绩效有负向影响；知识吸收能力在研发团队合作性沟通、竞争性沟通与自主创新绩效的影响中起显著中介作用，但是在研发团队回避性沟通对自主创新绩效影响的中介作用不显著。结论为提升高新技术企业研发团队自主创新绩效提供了新的方法与路径，对企业提高知识共享与创新能力，开展创新活动具有重要启示。     

团队信任认知中介下非物质激励对创新绩效的影响

新生代员工逐渐成为企业创新的主要力量,为提高新生代员工创新绩效,基于该类员工追求社会认同和价值契合的特质,从认知理论出发,以非物质激励为手段,探讨通过非物质激励构建团队信任认知、提高新生代员工创新绩效的可能性。结构方程模型检验结果显示,团队信任加强了由新生代员工构成的知识共享创新团队间的纽带,在非物质激励和创新绩效中起到中介作用。研究结果对于揭示企业内部创新环境影响因素、指导企业建立新生代员工之间的团队信任具有一定的借鉴作用。     

数字经济、知识流动与企业创新绩效

数字经济快速发展颠覆了企业创新环境,已成为企业提升创新绩效的重要推动力。选取2010—2020年中国A股上市企业数据,运用固定效应模型和中介效应模型分别检验数字经济对企业创新绩效的影响及其作用机制。结果表明,数字经济能够显著提升企业创新绩效,且这种提升作用存在规模与行业异质性,表现为对大型企业、资本密集型企业创新绩效提升效果更强;知识流动在数字经济与企业创新绩效之间可发挥桥梁作用,即数字经济能够通过知识流入与知识流出两条路径赋能企业创新绩效提升;相较于知识流出,知识流入在数字经济与企业创新绩效之间发挥的中介效应更强。据此,提出强化数字基础设施建设,完善知识流动支撑机制,实施差异化数字转型战略的建议,希冀助力企业创新绩效稳步提升。     

360°知识管理对技术创新与企业创新绩效的中介效应分析

在知识经济背景下,将知识管理运用到技术创新中已成为提高企业创新绩效的一条有效途径。360°知识管理即从客户信息、领导激励、下属反馈、共享型企业文化、员工学习与培训5个方面进行知识管理;技术创新包括新产品、新服务、新市场、新工艺4个方面。通过对250家企业调研的实证分析表明:技术创新对企业创新绩效有积极影响,360°知识管理在技术创新与企业创新绩效中起中介作用。     

知识型员工双重社会网络对企业创新绩效作用机制研究

基于企业基础资源观和组织学习理论，从知识型员工个人和组织社会网络两个方面构建知识型员工双重社会网络影响企业创新绩效的理论模型，分析知识共享、组织学习及资源整合在员工双重社会网络对企业创新绩效影响机制中的作用。结果表明：知识型员工双重社会网络对科技型企业创新绩效的作用路径有3条，资源获取与整合、知识共享与学习及员工动态创新能力分别在其中发挥中介作用；在不同类型组织文化环境中，知识型员工双重社会网络对企业创新绩效的作用特征、作用重点以及作用机制存在显著差异，内部整合维度主要通过知识共享和组织学习影响企业创新绩效，外部适应维度主要通过隐性知识传播和资源整合影响企业创新绩效。     

How knowledge flow affects Korean ICT manufacturing firm performance: a focus on open innovation strategy

The paper presents an integrated viewpoint of technological innovation strategy by considering both the firm and industry levels. Further, we provide a new open innovation framework by adopting a knowledge flow perspective using patent citation information. Finally, we consider a firm’s outbound open innovation performance using cites per patent information together with financial performance to look at both the practical and the potential effects of technological innovation strategy. Through these analyses, this study examines determinants of open technology innovation activity in the information and communication technology manufacturing industry in Korea and draws managerial and policy implications for effective industry promotion and improvement of technology innovation capability.     

How do employee training and knowledge stocks affect product innovation?

The main purpose of this paper is to explore how interactions of knowledge flows and knowledge stocks could shape firms’ innovative performance. Knowledge flows are measured on the grounds of human resource training practices while different levels and forms of knowledge stocks (i.e. educational attainment, exporting activity, and firm age) are considered. We make use of two-period panel probit regressions and a rich data survey of the 524 largest Greek manufacturing firms conducted in two waves (2011 and 2013). Our findings suggest that the beneficial effects of knowledge flows strengthen when knowledge stocks accumulated by employees’ education and firm age are low. When knowledge stocks are limited, knowledge flows can act as a bridge for product innovation. On the contrary, when knowledge stocks are high, higher investments in knowledge flows may lead to diminishing returns and, thus, to decreased innovation performance beyond a certain point.     

Knowledge sharing and firm performance: the role of social networking site and innovation capability

This study developed a framework to explore SNSs' capability as a strategic platform from which firms can overcome environmental turbulence and develop higher level knowledge sharing and firm performance output. The moderating effects of two types of innovation capability, product development capability and operational capability, were taken into consideration. We propose that SNSs' capability paired with strong product development capability is the key to improving knowledge sharing performance. SNSs' capability paired with strong operational capability can improve firm performance by advancing incremental innovation processes. Drawing upon the literature regarding information systems, knowledge management, and firm innovation, we propose a conceptual model adopted from the environment-strategy-performance framework to explore how these key factors interact to determine the fate of a firm.     

Technology selling and innovation with bargaining

We examine when the price of technology is found through bargaining between the seller and the buyer and explore its effect on the innovation incentive. Selling the technology is preferred to licensing for the innovating firm. The possibility of selling increases the incentive for innovation compared to licensing for a range of high‐cost innovation, but reduces the incentive for a range of low‐cost innovation.     

Exploration or exploitation of knowledge from universities: does it make a difference?

In the first step, based on the existing theoretical and empirical literature, we develop a series of hypotheses with respect to the relative importance of possible determinants of exploration and exploitation of knowledge in collaboration with universities and test them on Swiss firm data. In the second step, we investigate the impact on innovation performance of knowledge exploration versus knowledge exploitation. We obtain a clear pattern of the differences between firms that are engaged both in exploitative and explorative activities (‘exploration’-oriented firms) and purely ‘exploitation’-oriented firms. We find that exploration-oriented firms have a greater knowledge absorptive capacity, are technologically more diverse and are strongly exposed to intensive non-price competition compared with exploitation-oriented firms. We further find a positive effect on innovation performance for exploitation-oriented firms but not for those that were exploration oriented.     

The knowledge multiplier

The paper develops a formal model of external knowledge and identifies the role of knowledge multipliers. Social interactions and knowledge multipliers play a crucial role in determining the rate of technological change. The analytical identification of the knowledge multiplier expression constitutes a key step in the appreciation of the crucial role of knowledge interactions. First, social considerations endogenously change the knowledge production function of each firm. The knowledge multiplier is the specific mechanism by means of which external knowledge contributes to enhance the innovative capacity of each firm. The production function of knowledge shows that the larger the knowledge multiplier is the stronger are the cumulative positive effects of external knowledge on the generation of new knowledge. Second, social considerations explain the long-run dynamics of innovation. Social reinforcement and the knowledge multiplier determine the rise or fall in the rate of accumulation of technological knowledge.     

Collective knowledge production costs and the dynamics of technological systems

Technological knowledge can be understood as a collective good only when its production requires the absorption and integration of external knowledge. Such external knowledge is the outcome of R&D investments that cannot be fully appropriated by firms and generate spillovers. The exploitation of such knowledge spillovers requires specific investments in knowledge communication and absorption, which brings about specific costs. These costs are affected by the structural and dynamic characteristics of technological systems in terms of the knowledge base, the variety of actors and the communication infrastructures and processes. This paper analyzes the costs of collective knowledge production and their implications for the way in which the firm chooses the mix of internal and external knowledge. This choice in turn shapes the evolution of technological systems.     

既有知识资产对企业持续性创新与破坏性创新的影响

基于文献研究和逻辑推理,探讨了企业既有知识资产与企业创新发展之间的关系。得出以下推论和假设:企业既有知识资产对持续性创新和以外部市场为目标的破坏性创新具有推动作用;企业既有的高嵌入性知识资产以及与之密切相关的低嵌入性知识资产对以企业自身市场为目标的破坏性创新具有阻碍作用,用于防御外部破坏性创新的既有低嵌入性知识资产对以企业自身市场为目标的破坏性创新具有推动作用;环境动荡性和独占性以及企业吸收能力对上述影响关系具有调节作用。     

外部知识源连接、开放式创新与企业创新绩效关系研究

构建了“知识连接—知识交互—创新绩效”概念模型,采取问卷调查法研究外部知识源连接、开放式创新与企业创新绩效的关系。研究发现：①知识连接多样性与知识连接深度对渐进性创新绩效、突破性创新绩效具有显著正向影响,且知识连接多样性对两类创新绩效的影响均高于知识连接深度;②内向型创新、外向型创新对于企业获取渐进性创新绩效及突破性创新绩效具有促进作用;③企业通过内向型创新能够将知识连接多样性、知识连接深度的价值转化为渐进性创新绩效及突破性创新绩效,而通过外向型创新能够将知识连接多样性、知识连接深度的价值转化为突破性创新绩效。