中国经济和管理技术研究院

中国经济和管理技术研究院以经济和管理两大领域的应用技术为研究核心,致力于开发先进的软技术产品,举办和承办相关高端研讨、交流、展示活动,为企事业单位、政府机构、社会组织、教育和科研机构以及个人提供相关的咨询、指导、研究、调查、论证、开发、产业化等服务工作,完成上级和各行业主管部门交给的有关工作任务。中国经济和管理技术研究院负责承担相关领域的国家级科研课题、政策调研、政策论证。地区级科研、调研、规划和论证工作,与有关部委、主管机构的协作和支持任务,以及与省市县乡（镇）各级区域、各类企业、各类专业机构的协作和交流,为党和国家有关机构提供调研成果和建议,也为中央刊物提供相关稿件和素材。     

工业化城市化进程中土地利用类型转换驱动力研究——以无锡市为例

文章以沿海城市——无锡为例,利用遥感影像数据和统计数据,分析了工业化、城市化不同阶段上,驱动土地利用类型转换的社会经济驱动因素。结果表明,随着工业化、城市化的阶段变化,土地利用类型转换的驱动因素及其对土地转换的影响程度也随之发生一定的变化。就案例区域而言,在工业化和城市化的前期,需求和产业成长是土地利用类型转换最主要的因素,其次是投资、城市化和农村工业化。在工业化和城市化的中期阶段,需求、产业成长、城市化是土地利用类型转换最主要的因素,其次是农村工业化、经济国际化、比较利益和投资。需求和产业成长一直是工业化城市化进程中,影响耕地转换主要的、一般的因素。而城市化则是工业化中期和城市化中期影响耕地转换的主要因素。     

中国省域旅游、经济与生态环境的耦合协调分析

文章构建了旅游产业、经济发展水平及生态环境的综合评价指标体系,计算了中国31个省域2003—2017年的耦合度和协调度。研究发现,耦合度呈波动上升态势,而协调度先上升后波动下降。从耦合协调的空间分布看,吉林、黑龙江、江西、广西、贵州、云南、甘肃和宁夏的耦合水平和协调水平较低,辽宁、浙江、福建、山东、海南、重庆和陕西的耦合水平和协调水平较高,经济发达的北京、天津、上海、江苏、广东等省份及西藏、青海具有较低耦合水平和较高协调水平,其余中西部地区具有较高耦合水平和较低协调水平。从三系统发展类型看,中部地区、除重庆外的西部地区与河北省属于经济、旅游与生态环境基本协调发展地区,其余省份均属于超过生态环境承载阈值。     

绿色会计理论初探

人类的发展,特别是工业的发展,给生态环境造成了严重破坏,带来了巨大的环境灾难,已经严重威胁到人类自身的生存和发展。因而,保护环境,实现可持续发展和人与自然的和谐发展成为当今时代发展的主题。在此背景下,绿色会计核算应运而生。绿色会计是对人类即企业、地区和整个国家所从事的与自然环境有关的经济活动进行的会计核算,可以分为微观、中观和宏观三个层次,其基本内容有环境预测与决策、环境规划、环境预算的编制和执行、环境标准、环境责任、环境支出和收入、环境分析和评价、环境会计报表等。     

市场潜力大 难点待破多

物联网的核心和基础是传感器和互联网,是在传感器和瓦联网基础上的延伸和扩展的网络,其用户端延伸和扩展到了任何物品与物品之间,进行信息交换和通汛。简单地讲,物联网就是把感应器嵌入和装备到电网、铁路、桥梁、隧道、公路、建筑、供水系统、大坝、油气管道等各种物体中,并且被普遍连接,形成物联网。然而,这一“嵌入”和装备却会带来诸多“质的飞跃”。     

树高千丈,落叶归根——百年广东华侨经济掠影

正广东自古就是中国移民出洋最早、最多的省份,五邑、潮汕、梅州和广州等都是全国著名的侨乡。据统计,广东有3000多万海外侨胞,占全国的三分之二,遍及160多个国家和地区,主要分布在东南亚、美国、加拿大、法国、英国等国家和地区。目前,省内有归侨10.3万人、侨眷2000多万人,主要集中在珠江三角洲、潮汕平原和梅州地区。树高千丈,落叶归根。广东籍海外侨胞、港澳同胞素有满腔的爱国情怀,始终在密切关注与支持家乡的经济文化建设和社会发展。据有关统计,仅改革开放后,海外侨胞、港澳同胞捐赠折合人民币就超过500亿元,占全国侨捐总数约六成。     

工业化、城镇化和农业现代化互动关系的实证研究

工业化、城镇化和农业现代化已经成为我国社会经济发展的趋势,三者之间关系也成为当前理论界讨论的热点。本文计量检验了广东、江苏、山东和浙江四省的工业化、城镇化和农业现代化演进的进程、相关关系和因果关系。结果表明,四省的城镇化发展迅速,工业化达到高级阶段,农业现代化呈下降趋势,工业化和城镇化呈正相关关系,工业化和城镇化与农业现代化呈负相关关系。四省的协整关系和格兰杰因果关系并不显著和一致,表明三化发展是一种自然和市场发展过程。依此结果,文章提出了政策建议。     

加强企业思想政治工作的思考

新时期的企业思想政治工作面临新形势、新任务,如何使企业思想政治工作与时俱进,在工作的内容、形式、方法、手段、机制等方面积极探索适应新形势需要的新方法,不断进行创新和改进,着眼于改革和发展,融入基层改革、发展和生产经营的全过程,是方向性要求和现实任务。笔者在实践中体会到,加强和改进企业思想政治工作,必须结合新形势下职工的思想实际,积极推进体制创新、观念创新、工作内容和工作方式创新,开创企业思想工作新局面。     

挪威的能源战略、政策及启示

挪威是当今世界上最富有、环境保护做得最好的国家之一,其能源政策充分考虑了本国资源的特点和其在欧洲电力市场、油气市场及国际能源供应中的重要角色,注重能源生产和环境保护的协调发展,注重资源、环境和经济社会的可持续发展。现阶段,挪威的能源政策以促进经济增长和保护环境的可持续发展为核心,大力开发利用可再生能源和新能源,开发清洁能源技术和提高能源效率。挪威在能源开发、环境保护、污染控制、可持续发展等方面的经验和做法,对我国有启发和借鉴意义。     

数字经济领域的研究述评、热点主题与新兴趋势——基于文献计量学的分析

为把握数字经济研究脉络、热点和趋势,基于Web of Science 核心数据库来源文献,利用CiteSpace和VOSviewer两种文献计量分析工具,对2009年以来数字经济文献进行计量分析。研究结果明确了数字经济年度发表趋势和领域类别、最具影响力和生产力的作者、机构、国家和期刊,数字经济相关研究在经历十几年的停滞后,目前处在快速增长期,研究学科集中在管理、环境科学、通信、环境研究和商业等领域,美国、英国和中国是重要的数字经济研究中心,国家之间和国际研究机构之间的研究合作有待加强。数字经济研究的突显主题经历了三个显著变化的发展阶段,呈现技术—产业—制度不断发展的演化脉络。数字经济研究热点集中在数字化、社会媒介、共享经济和循环经济等四个方面。综合关键词聚类结果和技术经济范式理论,从技术系统视角数字经济新兴趋势包括数字技术、智能资产和数字平台等;从产业系统视角包括商业模式、价值创造、循环经济、共享经济和零工经济等;从制度系统视角包括平台资本和政治经济等。最后是研究结论和展望。     

我国房地产税制的现状及改革构想

房地产税制是维护房地产市场公平竞争，实现国家对房地产业宏观调控的有力杠杆。然而，我国现行的房地产税制却存在税费不分、税制不统一、税制结构不合理等诸多问题。严重影响了其对房地产业应有的宏观调控作用。因此，适时地推进房地产税制的改革应是当务之急，应统一内外税制，合理界定税费的范围，建立统一、规范、合理的房地产税收体系。     

The Change in Productive Efficiency in Telecommunications in the United States

The question addressed here is whether the adoption of incentive regulation, which has become an important regulatory tool in the telecommunications industry in the USA, has resulted in a change in the technical efficiency of local exchange carriers in the USA. After providing an overview of the nature of incentive regulation, a methodology for measuring technical efficiency and its change is introduced. This is a multiple-output/multiple-input distance function approach to measuring technical efficiency. The results of implementing this approach for 19 local exchange carriers for the 1988-2001 period indicate that in the production of local service, intrastate toll/access service, and interstate access to local loops, there was no change in technical efficiency between the 1988-1990 period and the 1991- 2001 period, something that incentive regulation was specifically designed to promote.     

Age Discrimination in Employment in Canada

Issues pertaining to age discrimination in employment in Canada are analyzed with a view toward highlighting lessons that may be learned from the Canadian experience—an experience that is taking on increased policy importance. Reasons for the increased attention to age discrimination issues are outlined, followed by a portrayal of the age discrimination legislation and court interpretations in Canada, especially as they pertain to mandatory retirement. Enforcement aspects are discussed, as is the evidence on age discrimination in employment and the effectiveness of legislation with respect to age discrimination and mandatory retirement. The article concludes with a discussion of the lessons to be learned from the Canadian experience, especially with respect to the poorly understood but complicated relationship between age discrimination and mandatory retirement. Policy recommendations for strengthening age discrimination legislation are also outlined. (JEL J14 , J24 , J71 )     

Inequalities in Income Distribution in Slovenia

This article presents an empirical analysis of income distribution based on income tax data for Slovenia in 1991-2000. It presents evidence of rising inequalities in income distribution (gross income, gross wages and pensions). These results are supported by coefficients of variation, Gini coefficients and by the Lorenz curves. Inequalities increased rapidly in the 1991 to 1993 period. After a significant decrease in 1994 and a steady increase from 1995 to 2000, the peak value from 1993 was not surpassed. Atkinson's requirements for dominance comparisons are not violated. Inequalities are also present in the distribution of the benefits of economic growth among income groups.     

上海生态农业发展影响因素研究

文章分析了上海生态农业发展的影响因素,并利用计量模型进行检验,认为影响上海生态农业发展的主要因素有农业基础设施、农业劳动力资源、农业产业化水平、农业科技实力状况。     

The Change in Productive Efficiency in Telecommunications in the United States

The question addressed here is whether the adoption of incentive regulation, which has become an important regulatory tool in the telecommunications industry in the USA, has resulted in a change in the technical efficiency of local exchange carriers in the USA. After providing an overview of the nature of incentive regulation, a methodology for measuring technical efficiency and its change is introduced. This is a multiple-output/multiple-input distance function approach to measuring technical efficiency. The results of implementing this approach for 19 local exchange carriers for the 1988–2001 period indicate that in the production of local service, intrastate toll/access service, and interstate access to local loops, there was no change in technical efficiency between the 1988–1990 period and the 1991–2001 period, something that incentive regulation was specifically designed to promote.     

Payment Systems in Countries in Transition

MOCT-MOST: Economic Policy in Transitional Economies -     

Public participation in forestry in Turkey

Recently public participation in forestry has been seriously considered in Turkey. Participation is however quite a challenge for a country with a long tradition of top-down management and a strong bottom-up dependence on public provisioning. In such a setting, it may not be surprising that the experiences with public participation in forestry in Turkey are mixed. There are some positive initiatives like the creation of farmer's cooperatives and NGOs, but their role is quite limited and small of scale. This paper is bringing together different views based on existing studies in Turkish related to Turkey's experience with implementing public participation in forestry.