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1.
Javier Ruiz-Castillo 《Spanish Economic Review》2008,10(3):221-249
This paper reviews the results of the literature on the ranking of centers of excellence in economics. There are two objectives:
(1) to examine the evolution during the 1990s of certain features of economics research—such as the gap that exists between
the US and the rest of the world, the dominant position of the UK within Europe, and the low productivity of economic scholars
everywhere—and (2) to document the significant progress that Spanish research institutions have experienced during this period.
Results by several broad fields of specialization are summarized here for the first time.
This work was carried out under project SEJ2004-01959 financed by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science. I would like
to thank Eduardo Ley, José Luis Ferreira, and Diego Moreno for their comments, as well as Bruno Cassiman for his editorial
work. 相似文献
2.
Christis G. Tombazos 《European Economic Review》2005,49(2):251-277
The study by Kalaitzidakis et al. (Eur. Econom. Rev. 113 (1999a) 1150-1168, hereafter KMS) continues to exert significant influence on the literature that evaluates the relative publication performance of European centres of research in economics. The current paper argues that the methodology employed by KMS is deficient, and that it is not the methodology these authors intended to employ. I utilise an improved approach to revise the original rankings that relied on publication output from 1991 to 1996, and to update the relevant findings using 1997-2002 data. The revised rankings differ greatly from those reported by KMS. The results also suggest that there have been dramatic shifts in the relative ranking of the various European institutions over time. As expected, rankings are sensitive to the choice of journals considered. However, ranking sensitivity is considerably more pronounced with respect to changes in individual performance over time, than to the group of journals used to measure performance. 相似文献
3.
We provide the first ranking of countries’ economic institutions using an ordinal methodology. Using the five areas of the Fraser Institute’s Economic Freedom of the World (EFW) index, we find that final rankings of a country’s institutions are sensitive to the importance-ordering of Area 1 (Size of Government). When Areas 2–5 are in the most important position, we find that there is no significant difference between the EFW rankings and our rankings. When Area 1 is placed in the most important position, however, a number of European countries with large welfare states but good governance do poorly. 相似文献
4.
Abstract. This paper contributes to the growing literature that analyses the Spanish publishing performance in Economics throughout
the 1990s. Several bibliometric indicators are used in order to provide Spanish rankings (of both institutions and individual
authors) based on Econlit journals. Further, lists of the ten most influential authors and articles over that period, in terms of citations, are reported.
We are grateful to many colleagues who made very useful remarks to preliminary versions of this paper, as well as to two anonymous
referees. We are particularly indebted to Xavier Sala-i-Martín, without whose invaluable help this work would not have been
possible. All errors or omissions are of our exclusive responsibility. 相似文献
5.
Spatial welfare economics versus ecological footprint: modeling agglomeration,externalities and trade 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fabio Grazi Jeroen C. J. M. van den Bergh Piet Rietveld 《Environmental and Resource Economics》2007,38(1):135-153
A welfare framework for the analysis of the spatial dimensions of sustainability is developed. It covers agglomeration effects,
interregional trade, negative environmental externalities, and various land use categories. The model is used to compare rankings
of spatial configurations according to evaluations based on social welfare and ecological footprint indicators. Five spatial
configurations are considered for this purpose. The exercise is operationalized with the help of a two-region model of the
economy, that is, in line with the ‘new economic geography.’ By generating a number of numerical ‘counter-examples,’ it is
shown that the footprint method is inconsistent with an approach aimed at maximum social welfare. Unless environmental externalities
are such a large problem that they overwhelm all other components of economic well-being, a ‘spatial welfare economic’ approach
delivers totally different rankings of alternative land use configurations than the ecological footprint.
相似文献
6.
Our goal in this paper is to estimate the total output in an economy that is currently dependent (at least partially) on current
fisheries output. We therefore applied the Leontief technological coefficients at current production and then estimate total
output supported throughout the economy at the current level of production. Estimates of gross revenue from capture fisheries
suggest that the direct value of output for this sector is US $80–85 billion annually (Sumaila et al., Journal of Bioeconomics
9(1):39–51, 2007; Willmann et al., The Sunken Billions, World Bank, FAO, Washington DC, Rome, 2009). However, as a primary
or a potential economic base industry, there are a vast number of secondary economic activities—from boat building to international
transport—that are supported by world fisheries, yet these related activities are rarely considered when evaluating the economic
impact of fisheries. This study applies an input–output methodology to estimate the total direct, indirect, and induced impact
of marine capture fisheries on the world economy. While results suggest that there is a great deal of variation in fishing
output multipliers between regions and countries, when we apply the output multipliers to the capture fisheries sector at
the global level, we find that significant indirect and induced effects place the impact of this sector to world output nearly
three times larger than the value of landings at first sale, at between US $80–85 billion annually (Sumaila et al., Journal of Bioeconomics
9(1):39–51, 2007; Willmann et al., The Sunken Billions, World Bank, FAO, Washington DC, Rome, 2009). However, as a primary
or a potential economic base industry, there are a vast number of secondary economic activities—from boat building to international
transport—that are supported by world fisheries, yet these related activities are rarely considered when evaluating the economic
impact of fisheries. This study applies an input–output methodology to estimate the total direct, indirect, and induced impact
of marine capture fisheries on the world economy. While results suggest that there is a great deal of variation in fishing
output multipliers between regions and countries, when we apply the output multipliers to the capture fisheries sector at
the global level, we find that significant indirect and induced effects place the impact of this sector to world output nearly
three times larger than the value of landings at first sale, at between US 225 and 240 billion per year. 相似文献
7.
This paper builds a micro-behavior model of central bank and financial institutions from the perspective of property-rights.
By analyzing the theoretical model and the practice, we conclude that, in the framework of the present financial stabilization
policies in China, the central bank’s functions of monetary policy and financial stabilization are enslaved to financial institutions.
Thus, central bank independence has been damaged because of the actual property-right relation between the central bank and
the financial institutions. The policy implication is to cut off the property-right relation between the central bank and
the financial institutions.
__________
Translated from Caijing wenti yanjiu 财经问题研究 (Research on Finanical and Economic Issues), 2007, (6): 3–9 相似文献
8.
Spatial Welfare Economics Versus Ecological Footprint: A Sensitivity Analysis Introducing Strong Sustainability 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The aim of this paper is a sensitivity analysis with the core-periphery model of ‘new economic geography’ put forward in Grazi
et al. (Environ Resour Econ 38:135–153, 2007). This model comprises interregional trade, agglomeration advantages and resource (land) use or environmental externalities.
Grazi et al. (2007, GBR) compare a social welfare (SW) indicator with the ecological footprint (EF) indicator for measuring spatial sustainability
of a set of land use configurations. Their main result is that the SW and the EF indicator can yield completely different
rankings and only for extreme parameterizations of environmental externalities the rankings coincide. We adapt the model by
interpreting total natural land as a resource constraint and differentiate between weak and strong sustainability. In a sensitivity
analysis we show that the main results of GBR (2007) correspond to the case of weak sustainability in our adapted model version. In the case of strong sustainability our adapted
model version shows the same welfare rankings for both indicators without the extreme parameterization that is necessary to
obtain the same results in the original GBR (2007) model. 相似文献
9.
10.
C. Alicia Avilés Zugasti Rosario Gómez García José Sánchez Maldonado 《Spanish Economic Review》2001,3(2):131-150
This paper examines the impact of public infrastructures on the performance of Spanish private business at a disaggregated
industry level. We use duality theory to recover the productivity effects of public capital by calculating the cost saving
effects that are associated to public services. Using a translog cost function we present panel estimates for 14 Spanish industries
during the period 1980–1991. Our results strongly suggest that public capital formation can be considered to be an instrument
to improve competitiveness by reducing production costs. However, the results also indicate that there is a technologically
induced labor saving effect through higher public investment. Furthermore, our estimates suggest that a distinction among
industries is of importance because the effects of public infrastructures vary across industries considerably. 相似文献