经济适用住房开发对商品房价格的影响

一、问题的提出及研究出发点经济适用住房是我国城镇住房制度改革的一项重要内容。1994年《国务院关于深化城镇住房制度改革的决定》中第一次提出了经济适用住房的概念,要求建立以中低收入家庭为对象,具有社会保障性质的经济适用住房供应体系和以高收入家庭为对象的商品房供应体系,并且规定经济适用住房建设用地经批准原则上采取行政划拨方式供应。1998年《国务院关于进一步深化城镇住房制度改革加快住房建设的通知》提出要建立和完善以经济适用住房为主的多层次城镇住房供应体系,对不同收入家庭实行不同的住房供应政策。最低收入家庭租赁由…     

我国城市廉租住房建设存在问题及对策研究

1 廉租住房制度建设发展历史 我国首次提出廉租住房的概念是在1998年,国务院于1998年7月发布<关于进一步深化城镇住房制度改革,加快住房建设的通知>(国发[1998]23号文件)文件提出"建立和完善以经济适用房为主的住房供应体系,对不同收入家庭实行不同的住房供应政策.     

住房公积金制度在住房保障中应发挥主导作用

我国的城镇住房制度改革经过了近30年的实践,已基本形成了以市场机制为基础的城镇住房体制新格局,初步建立了适应市场化体制要求的住房货币化分配机制和社会化的住房供应体系。产权私有化的导向激发了城镇居民积累和创造财富的热情,使得城市居     

浅议住房公积金管理使用存在的问题及对策

住房公积金是指国家机关、国有企业、城镇集体企业、外商投资企业、城镇私营企业及其他城镇企业、事业单位、民办非企业单位、社会团体及其在职职工缴存的长期住房储金。住房公积金管理制度的实施，对深化城镇住房制度改革，完善住房供应体系，改善中低收入家庭居住条件，促进经济社会发展，实现全面建设小康社会的目标，构建和谐社会具有重要作用。但是，在使用过程中。住房公积金的管理还存在一些亟待规范和解决的问题，应采取措施完善制度、加强管理。     

住房公积金制度的发展现状及对策

住房公积金,是指国家机关、国有企业、城镇集体企业、外商投资企业、城镇私营企业及其他城镇企业、事业单位、民办非企业单位、社会团体（以下统称单位及其在职职工缴存的长期住房储金。住房公积金制度是国家用法律手段、经济手段和行政手段,对住房基金进行强制储蓄,并由政府集中支配定向用于住宅建设和住宅融资的管理制度,它具有社会性、互助性、保障『生、政策陛的特点,是我国社会保障体系的重要组成部分。实行住房公积金制度对加快城镇住房制度改革、完善住房供应体系、改善中低收入家庭居住条件等方面发挥重要的作用。     

我国廉租房制度建设研究

廉租房制度是我国住房供应体系的一个重要组成部分,也是我国住房保障体系一项重要的制度安排,是解决当前我国城镇低收入者住房问题的有效途径.文章在此基础上论述了廉租房制度建设的必要性,分析了廉租房制度建设尚且存在的问题并就此提出了发展与完善的对策.     

经济适用房制度的发展与国外经验的精髓的“拿来”

我国经济适用房政策推出之初，明确提出经济适用房是多层次城镇住房供应体系的主体，旨在改善中低收入家庭住居条件。但随着该项政策的深入实施，其政策缺陷和管理漏洞逐渐显露，并引发各方是否要取消经济适用房的争论。本文在借鉴国外经验和分析我国经济适用房政策存在的问题的基础上提出，我国必须进一步完善住房分类供应的制度，并对经济适用房和廉租房的政策实施提供了建议和对策。     

我国城市廉租住房建设存在问题及对策研究

1廉租住房制度建设发展历史 我国首次提出廉租住房的概念是在1998年,国务院于1998年7月发布<关于进一步深化城镇住房制度改革,加快住房建设的通知>(国发[1998]23号文件)文件提出"建立和完善以经济适用房为主的住房供应体系,对不同收入家庭实行不同的住房供应政策.最低收入家庭租赁由政府或单位提供的廉租住房;中低收入家庭购买经济适用房;其他收入高的家庭购买、租赁市场价商品房".     

行政推动 政策驱动 舆论带动 服务互动 浙江省苍南县对全面推行住房公积金制度进行积极探索

住房公积金制度是我国城镇住房制度改革的一项创举，它与经济适用房制度、廉租住房制度共同构成了我国住房保障体系的三项基本制度，全面推行住房公积金制度是进一步深化城镇住房制度改革．促进经济社会和谐发展的重要环节。     

房地产去库存时代下住房租赁市场分析及政策建议

1998年我国房地产市场化改革以来,我国住房制度经历了一系列变迁.在国家住房体系比较单一的情况下,保障住房制度的缺失和保障住房的供应不足,我国许多城市陆续出现了住房供需极度不平衡的县现象,到2007年,国家开始重视现有的住房供应结构体系,对现有的住房制度进行调整和改革,将住房制度的重心转化为关注低收入人群的住房保障需求,公租房制度也在此背景下应运而生,但我国公租房制度也存在着诸多不足.     

租售比与中国城市住房泡沫*

本文在住房消费性和投资性需求基础上,通过泡沫和无泡沫租售比测度住房泡沫。本文对中国1996-2013年35个大中城市数据分析发现：第一,北京、上海等16个城市存在住房泡沫;第二,房价预期易催生东部和一线城市而非中西部和二三线城市住房泡沫;第三,利率政策对抑制中西部和二三线城市住房泡沫比东部和一线城市更有效;第四,住房存量过大引发住房泡沫;第五,房贷和开发成本助长住房泡沫;第六,土地财政助长住房泡沫,但股票市场回报率抑制住房泡沫。     

Housing,consumption and monetary policy: how different are the first-, second- and third-tier cities in China?

This article presents an empirical analysis of the relationship between house prices and the real economy in China’s first-, second- and third-tier cities. A Structural Vector Autoregression model is applied to study the impacts of monetary policy shocks and housing demand shocks on various housing markets across China. We also investigate the role of house prices in the transmission mechanism of monetary policy. The results reveal that in first-tier cities, raising interest rates has a stronger negative effect on house prices. Also, as house prices decrease in first-tier cities, private consumption declines sharply. There is a stronger role of housing markets in the transmission of monetary policy shocks in these cities. Our findings indicate that interest rate adjustment could effectively curb spikes in housing prices in the first-tier cities, but the impact of such adjustments on household consumption must also be considered.     

住房公积金属性研究

住房公积金发展十年来,对我国城镇居民住房保障起了很大的作用,但也存在一些问题。这些问题出现的根本原因在于对住房公积金的基本属性没有进行深入全面的认识。从住房公积金基本属性的研究出发,分析未来住房公积金发展与改革的方向。     

Housing price,talent movement,and innovation output: Evidence from Chinese cities

How housing costs would influence the job‐housing choice of talent and associated city‐level innovation performance is a question of interest for urban development policies. Recently, considerable attention has been paid to the influence of rising housing prices on the attraction of talent and the associated innovation output in major Chinese cities. In this paper, we use the housing price data of 51 cities from the China Real Estate Index System database and the corresponding macro data of China City Statistical Yearbooks from 2005 to 2014 to analyze this focal research question. The empirical analysis shows that the increase in city housing prices generally correlates positively with city innovation outcome and talent attraction, suggesting no crowding‐out effect on the innovative performance of the city. However, the positive association between housing prices and innovation outcome and talent attraction has started to disappear in first‐tier cities in recent years, suggesting potential crowding‐out effect if the increasing housing prices transform to bubbles. This research thus provides considerable policy implications concerning the impacts of housing prices on talent movement and innovation output.     

房价对居民消费的跨空间影响*——基于中国278个城市空间面板数据的实证研究

本文首先基于住房财富效应，构建了房价变动对居民消费的跨空间影响的分析框架。该框架阐释了住房财富效应的区域差异：不同地区间房价的空间传导、居民的异地消费以及消费的示范效应，使得本地房价变动可能引起周边地区居民消费的连锁反应。其后，本文利用中国278个地级市2000—2018年数据，通过空间面板杜宾模型，实证考察了不同地区住房财富效应的差异，以及房价变动对居民消费的跨空间影响。结果显示：（1）虽然中国整体上存在住房财富效应，但西部城市财富效应并不显著，并且核心城市还存在负财富效应。（2）不同城市间房价对消费存在跨区影响。东部城市和核心城市对周边城市消费的正向影响很显著，而边缘城市则对周边城市消费有显著的负向影响。（3）不同城市间的消费也具有空间上的示范效应。最后，本文从房价和居民消费空间联动的视角，为政府扩大内需、调控房地产市场提供了相关政策建议。     

房价对居民消费的跨空间影响*——基于中国278个城市空间面板数据的实证研究

本文首先基于住房财富效应，构建了房价变动对居民消费的跨空间影响的分析框架。该框架阐释了住房财富效应的区域差异：不同地区间房价的空间传导、居民的异地消费以及消费的示范效应，使得本地房价变动可能引起周边地区居民消费的连锁反应。其后，本文利用中国278个地级市2000—2018年数据，通过空间面板杜宾模型，实证考察了不同地区住房财富效应的差异，以及房价变动对居民消费的跨空间影响。结果显示：（1）虽然中国整体上存在住房财富效应，但西部城市财富效应并不显著，并且核心城市还存在负财富效应。（2）不同城市间房价对消费存在跨区影响。东部城市和核心城市对周边城市消费的正向影响很显著，而边缘城市则对周边城市消费有显著的负向影响。（3）不同城市间的消费也具有空间上的示范效应。最后，本文从房价和居民消费空间联动的视角，为政府扩大内需、调控房地产市场提供了相关政策建议。     

Spatial-Temporal Changes of Housing Bubbles in China’s Major Cities: 1999 to 2012

Existing literature is characterized by certain deficiencies in measuring housing bubbles in China. By extending the analytical framework of Black et al. (2006) to a spatial panel VAR structure, this paper measures housing bubbles in China’s 35 major cities from 1999Q2 to 2012Q3 and analyzes the spatial-temporal changes of the housing bubbles in these cities. Results indicate that 1) changes to housing bubbles in most cities highly correspond with changes in the main real estate policies of the country and 2) housing bubbles in eastern developed cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Hangzhou, and Ningbo, have been relatively large in recent years although the average housing bubble is not very serious over the 35 major cities. Through the Kernel Density Function and local indicators of spatial autocorrelation analysis, this paper finds that housing bubbles are concentrated in several eastern developed cities. Based on empirical analysis, this paper proposes policy recommendations on inhibiting the expansion and diffusion of housing bubbles.     

"商品房空置率国际警戒线"质疑

目前，对我国商品住宅的空置率有一种“超警戒线”观点，即我国住宅空置率达到26％以上，已经超过了10％～15％住宅空置率的国际警戒线。本文从国内和国外考证了这种理论的产生及发展，指出了其存在的缺陷，并将这种理论得出的我国几个代表城市的空置率进行了分析，提出了并不存在符合各国实际的、统一的“商品房空置率国际警戒线”。     

Talent introduction and housing price: a tale of Xi’an

A comprehensive competition policy for talent introduction was first implemented in Xi’an in February 2017 and has been imitated by many cities in China ever since. Although turned out to be useful in alleviating the problem of talents loss in the lower-tier cities, the policy has been criticized for its potential effect of driving up housing prices. Using the synthetic control method proposed by Abadie and Gardeazabal (2003), we explore the influence of the competition policy for talent introduction on housing prices in Xi’an. Based on the monthly data of Xi’an and 62 control cities across 30 provinces in China from January 2015 to April 2018, we find strong evidence for the positive effect of the competition policy on housing prices. Specifically, the policy increased housing prices in Xi’an by approximately 43% until April 2018.     

The multi-market analysis of a housing price transmission model

In this article, we examine dynamic relationships among housing prices from four first-tier cities in China from December 2000 to May 2010 and present an equilibrium model of housing price in multi-markets. By explicitly incorporating and modelling endogenous price series in competing housing markets, our empirical model is able to capture the existence of long-run equilibrium relationships and important short-run dynamics and price structures such as price leadership, price transmission lag and asymmetric price responses. Such multi-market analysis has generalized implications and can easily be applied to analyse the pricing dynamics among other real estate markets in the world. Our major contribution lies in two aspects. First, we employ an Error-Correction Model (ECM) with Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAG) to study the price dynamics in the four largest and key housing markets in China. Second, we uncover a price transmission among these housing markets in China and provide an insightful understanding of price adjustment across markets. The revealed effective price transmission and high correlation among these different markets actually is not a good thing for a stable financial system and for the defence against price bubbles in the housing market.