企业税收遵从成本影响因素分析

根据国内外关于税收遵从成本影响因素的研究结论并借助因子分析法发现,企业认为影响税收遵从成本的主要因素是税收征管效率、纳税服务体系的完善、税收制度的复杂性与公平性、税率的高低,税法的稳定性与明确性及企业的纳税素质。因此,制定统一的税收法典与规范税收各项制度是降低企业税收遵从成本的关键所在。     

浅析企业纳税遵从行为及其模型构建

纳税遵从作为一国税制和征管体制优劣的一个评价指标,已引起了税务当局以及学术界的广泛关注。在税收实践中,纳税人是否选择纳税遵从,涉及很多主客观因素。本文从纳税人的角度出发。运用预期效用最大化理论,分析纳税人在做纳税决策时所考虑的成本因素,建立企业纳税遵从行为的模型,分析纳税人的纳税遵从行为,并给出相关的政策性建议。     

纳税遵从行为的经济学分析

纳税遵从是税收征管的一个基本评价指标,理性的经济人会权衡遵从的成本和收益并作出理性的选择。本文分析了影响纳税人行为选择若干因素,提出要优化财政税收体制,完善纳税信用等级评估制度,培植出一种新型的税务遵从文化来提高人们的纳税遵从概率。     

企业纳税遵从成本的问题及对策研究

企业作为理性的经济人,以追求税后利润最大化为目标。提高企业纳税遵从度,有效降低纳税环节中潜在的遵从成本,对保证其生产要素的流动性、收入分配的公平性和经济决策的时效性等方面都具有十分重要的现实意义。根据佳木斯市企业及其纳税的相关数据,分析其企业纳税遵从成本存在的自觉纳税意识淡薄、纳税服务质量不高和税务代理筹划不够完善等问题,从企业视角提出了加强纳税遵从意识和制度建设、提高人员素质和代理应用程度、强化与税务机关协调能力等降低企业纳税遵从成本的基本对策。     

企业税收遵从成本国内研究述评与展望

税收遵从成本的研究在我国刚刚起步,主要集中在企业税收遵从成本的构成、测算实践、对税收遵从的影响、对策建议等方面,评述已有的研究成果,探讨未来的研究方向,对于探究我国企业税收遵从成本的特征、维护企业纳税人的合法权益、优化税收征纳环境、支持中小企业的发展具有重要意义。     

论税收遵从度对我国税收征管工作的启示

在当今税务理论界上,把纳税义务人对税收的表现模式大致上分成两大类:税收遵从和税收不遵从.税收遵从是指纳税义务人在税收收入确认的国家法律制度的基础上,考虑成本和效益,积极维护税收法律制度,认真履行义务的具体表现形式,是相对纳税不遵从问题.纳税活动的中心和要义就是维护纳税人的合法权益和税收遵从度的不断提高.本文运用税收遵从理论,结合我国税收遵从实际和税收征管现状,在借鉴西方国家先进的税收征管经验基础上,分析归纳出我国可以借鉴的做法,最后对构建专业化、科学化、精细化的税收征管体系提出相应的对策.     

增值税留抵退税对企业纳税遵从的影响研究

增值税留抵退税是我国构建现代税收制度的重要举措，凸显了国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的深刻变革。增值税留抵退税为企业带来政策红利的同时，也带来了一系列税收征管与纳税不遵从问题。基于2013—2021年我国制造业上市公司相关数据，实证分析增值税留抵退税政策如何影响企业纳税遵从。结果表明：增值税留抵退税政策的实施有效地激励企业提高自身纳税信用等级，进而提升企业纳税遵从度。机制分析发现，留抵退税政策从缓解企业融资约束、优化企业治理水平两个方面促进企业纳税遵从，且企业声誉发挥了正向调节作用。异质性分析发现，非国有企业更能体现留抵退税提高企业纳税遵从的政策效果；规模较大的企业在增值税留抵退税政策激励下，其纳税遵从度更高；增值税留抵退税政策在市场化程度更高的地区，对当地企业纳税不遵从行为发挥更大的抑制作用。因此，需要扩大留抵退税政策覆盖范围，进一步缓解企业融资约束，并积极培育市场主体，以纳税信用评级激励企业主动提升其纳税遵从度。     

税收遵从视角下的纳税服务优化路径

文章在分析税收遵从理论的基础上,探讨了优化纳税服务的有效路径,通过引导纳税遵从,提高纳税人的税收遵从度,营造一个依法诚信纳税的良好环境。     

辨析财务遵从与纳税遵从

针对纳税人权利与义务,从财务角度理解税收实体法和税收程序法,增强纳税人的纳税遵从意识,从而避免涉税风险。     

直接税比重、税务检查与税收遵从度

提高税收遵从度对降低税收征管成本、优化税制具有重要意义。相对于间接税制,在直接税制下,纳税人选择纳税遵从行为的收益较大;而税务检查比率越高,则纳税人的逃避税成本就越高。这些均有助于提高纳税人的纳税意愿。我国1997～2011年的31个省级面板数据的实证分析的结论显示,直接税比重、税务检查与纳税人的税收遵从度均存在正相关性。构建以直接税为主体税种的税制结构、强化税务机关的税务检查可以有效地提升纳税人的税收遵从度。     

On Teaching a Fractured Macroeconomics

One of the most interesting results in the tax evasion literature is that an increase in the income tax rate would increase tax compliance. Despite its peculiarity, this result has gained acceptance as a cornerstone for further developments of the rational tax evasion model. However, because of the mathematical format by which it is conveyed, this counterintuitive result has remained inaccessible to undergraduate students as well as to noneconomists. The author first introduces the rational tax evasion model in a nonmathematical style that is accessible to any reader. Second, he shows that the behavioral predictions of the rational tax evasion model can easily be obtained using a simple graphical representation of the optimum condition that involves the derivation of a demand curve for tax compliance.     

Do your tax problems make tax evasion seem more justifiable? Evidence from a survey experiment

Taxpayers often view tax rules and filing processes as complicated. I study whether the perceived tax uncertainty among peers makes tax evasion more acceptable among the general public. I find strong supportive evidence for this hypothesis using a survey experiment and a large representative sample of the German population. Providing randomized information that others are uncertain about how to file their taxable income decreases individual support for tax compliance. This suggests that subjects judge tax evasion less harshly in response to this peer information. Studying related heterogeneous treatment effects, I find that both older and left-wing subjects are more responsive to tax uncertainty of others. Less harsh views on evasion are persistent for very high compliance levels in a follow-up survey.     

公共服务满意度、税制公平与纳税遵从——来自中国的证据

公共服务与税收公平是影响纳税遵从的重要因素。基于中国背景,将公共服务满意度、税制公平与纳税遵从纳入公平理论框架分析三者之间的作用机制后发现:公共服务满意度影响纳税人对税制公平的评价,无论是对政府部门的日常行政服务还是其他公共部门的基础公共服务而言,公共服务满意度越高,纳税人对税制公平的评价就越高;同时,税制公平对纳税遵从有正向影响,纳税人对税制公平的评价越高,其纳税遵从度就越高;税制公平评价在公共服务满意度与纳税遵从之间发挥着中介的作用。因此,现阶段提高我国公众纳税遵从度可以从改善公共服务和强化税制公平两个角度入手。     

A basic tool to assess tax administration strength in emerging Europe

Large tax compliance gaps, together with the need to generate additional tax revenue have put a premium on tax administration reform in emerging Europe. The key features of an efficient tax administration are well established, but an objective assessment of the relative strengths and weaknesses of tax administrations have been lacking. This paper proposes a simple index of tax administration strength, based on objective indicators reflecting key organizational and operational aspects of revenue administrations relative to international best practice. A diagnostic test is then conducted to assess the performance of the proposed index in its ability to predict variations in tax collection efficiency in emerging Europe.     

The political economy of contributive pensions in developing countries

This paper sheds light on the role of public institutions as a way to reduce tax evasion through a close link between payroll taxation and pension benefits. We use a political economy model in which agents have the possibility to hide part of their earnings in order to avoid taxation and, where the public system is more efficient in providing annuitized pension benefits than the private sector. We show that in the absence of evasion costs, agents are indifferent to the tax rate level as they can always perfectly adapt compliance so as to face their preferred effective tax rate. There is unanimity in favour of the maximum tax rate and, the public pension system is found to be partially contributive in order to increase tax compliance and thus the resources collected. This, in turn, enables higher redistribution toward the worst-off agents. When evasion costs are introduced, perfect substitutability between compliance and taxation breaks down. At the majority-voting equilibrium, individuals at the bottom of the income distribution who are in favour of more redistribution, and those at the top who want to transfer more resources to the old age, form a coalition against middle-income agents, in favour of high tax rates. In addition to the previous tax base argument, the optimal level of the Bismarkian pillar is now chosen so as to account for political support.     

Tax noncompliance: The role of tax morale in smokers' behavior

Measuring and predicting compliance with tax obligations is an important but challenging task. Survey data from California smokers show that several forms of tax avoidance and evasion were common. The analysis shows that 43% of smokers avoided taxes by purchasing cigarettes from out-of-state sources in the past year, 15% admitted to evading taxes through cross-border purchases, and 26% reported purchasing likely or certainly untaxed cigarettes in the state in the past month. Attitudinal factors related to tax morale explain much more of the variance in compliance rates than demographic or law-and-economics factors. The implications for policy are discussed.     

Audit Publicity and Tax Compliance: A Natural Experiment

We use confidential data on value-added tax payments at the sector level, in two large Italian cities, to estimate the effect of audit publicity on the tax compliance of local sellers. By employing a difference-in-differences identification strategy, we find that such publicity has a positive effect on fiscal declarations made shortly thereafter. The results suggest that increasing awareness on future audits via the media can be an important instrument in the hands of tax authorities.     

合规成本与中小股东保护——从跨境上市和自愿性退市谈起

如何在适度监管、降低企业合规成本的同时实现对中小股东有力的保护是一个没有现成答案的议题。在美国和日本上市的外国公司的自愿性退市,折射了过度监管出现的合规成本给企业带来的问题。中国的资本市场建立时间不长,在取得巨大成就的同时也面临着很多的挑战,尤其是对小股东保护更需加强。在中国设立国际板的尝试中,必须处理好合规和保护中小股东利益的关系。     

Tax evasion,social norms,and economic growth

We propose a theoretical model to account for the negative relationship between tax evasion and economic development. More precisely, we integrate tax morale into a dynamic OLG model of tax evasion. Tax morale is modeled as a social norm for tax compliance. We show that accounting for such nonpecuniary costs of evasion may explain (a) why the share of evaded taxes over GDP decreases when countries grow and (b) that tax morale is positively correlated with the level of GDP per capita. Finally, a higher tax rate increases aggregate evasion and the number of evaders when taxpayers decisions are interdependent.