财富效应、地区异质性与中国货币需求函数再估计

本文研究财富效应对我国货币需求的影响,将家庭住房财富变量加入标准货币需求函数,运用2005年第一季度至2019年第四季度分省数据,建立时间序列面板模型,对我国货币需求函数进行实证分析.研究发现住房价格和住房存量对货币需求有显著正向影响;加入住房财富变量后,货币需求的实际GDP弹性显著减小;当出现相对于均衡的偏离时,货币总量向均衡方向移动,说明货币总量主要由需求决定.本研究在几个方面有所创新:一是实证分析了住房财富变量对于我国货币需求函数的影响;二是实证模型的设定应用了最新时间序列面板模型分析技术,考虑了异质性和相关性,从而得到更加稳定的货币需求函数,提高了实证分析结果的可信性.研究结果为理解货币总量的决定因素和走势,判断货币政策状况提供了有用信息.     

我国农村剩余劳动力转移与通货膨胀关系的实证研究

本文在我国货币超发的背景下,从实证方面研究农村剩余劳动力转移速度对通货膨胀率的影响。结果发现通货膨胀率、剩余劳动力转移速度、货币供给量增长率三者之间存在长期均衡关系,剩余劳动力转移速度正向促进通货膨胀,三个变量之间存在着短期波动调节机制,当期短期波动偏离长期均衡的程度中0.96倍在下一期会被调整。另外,本文运用面板数据模型研究了八大综合经济区剩余劳动力转移对通货膨胀率的影响程度的地区差异。     

货币供给与经济发展关系的实证分析

本文采用协整理论对1993至2006年我国的货币供给量(M1)与表征我国宏观经济发展的各指标(GDP、CPI、FER、FAI)进行了平稳性分析、协整检验和Granger因果关系分析,得出结论货币供给与物价和产出之间都存在显著的长期协整关系,这些变量组之间都存在稳定的长期均衡关系,中央银行可以根据均衡关系适当调节货币供给增量和存量以控制国家的通货膨胀与通货膨胀预期.     

货币供给与经济发展关系的实证分析

本文采用协整理论对1993至2006年我国的货币供给量（MI）与表征我国宏观经济发展的各指标（GDP、CPI、FER、FAI）进行了平稳性分析、协整检验和Granger因果关系分析，得出结论：货币供给与物价和产出之间都存在显著的长期协整关系，这些变量组之间都存在稳定的长期均衡关系，中央银行可以根据均衡关系适当调节货币供给增量和存量以控制国家的通货膨胀与通货膨胀预期。     

国际资本流动下我国货币需求函数稳定性检验

文章运用协整和误差修正模型对1982~2004年间我国长期静态和短期动态的货币需求函数进行了实证研究。研究结果表明,我国长期货币需求与其决定变量之间存在稳定的协整关系,短期动态货币需求函数稳定性较差,M2需求函数的稳定性不及M1需求函数;在长期货币需求函数中,外国利率与M2之间相关性较M1显著;而在短期货币需求函数中,本币利率与M2之间的相关性较M1显著。其政策含义是,短期操作应提高利率调控当前经济过热,长期选择则是货币供应量不再适宜作为我国货币政策的中介目标,通胀目标制值得借鉴。     

中国货币需求稳定性的实证研究--基于1994-2005年的协整分析

本文以经济改革和金融发展为背景,从经典货币需求理论分析出发,运用协整检验和误差校正模型对我国货币需求的稳定性问题展开研究.分析结果显示,货币需求、国民收入、利率和通货膨胀率之间存在协整关系;我国货币需求主要受收入因素影响而呈现出长期稳定性特征,长期稳定的货币需求对其即期增长的抑制作用不明显,货币需求函数表现出高收入弹性和低利率弹性,而利率的外生性削弱了货币需求对利率的调节作用;基于VEC模型的短期Granger因果检验,支持货币量、利率和货币政策最终目标之间短期均衡关系的存在.     

理论与实证:20世纪90年代以来我国货币需求理论研究的发展

20世纪 90年代以来 ,我国学术界在货币需求理论的研究方面取得了很大的进展 ,一个很重要的特点是更加重视实证方面的研究。本文对上个世纪 90年代以来国内对我国货币需求理论的研究成果进行了总结、分析 ,并提出了个人的一些观点。文章从货币需求的宏观和微观涵义 ,货币需求的规模变量、机会成本变量、制度变量以及货币需求函数模型等几个方面进行分析     

中国货币需求:资产价格及政策含义

货币需求是被理论界和政策制定者长期关注的重要理论和实践问题,是货币政策决策的一个重要参考变量。货币需求的长期均衡和短期均衡关系反映了收入水平、利率、消费价格水平以及资产价格水平和货币需求之间的重要关系。这些关系也是确定货币政策时所需要考虑的重要内容。本文对中国的长期货币需求和短期货币需求1985~2010年年度数据进行了协整和误差修正模型分析。结果发现:资产价格(房地产价格水平)对货币数量在长期和短期都有着十分重要的影响;利率水平在长期仍是货币需求的重要影响因素;消费价格的长期货币需求弹性较低,短期和货币需求没有关系;当货币数量失衡时,向长期均衡进行调整的速度很慢。由此,中国的货币政策在中介指标、操作指标以及货币政策工具等方面都需要做出适当的调整。     

中国外汇储备的动态优化与调整

从货币供求对国际储备需求影响的机理入手,运用协整和误差修正理论来分析货币市场非均衡下中国外汇储备的动态优化与调整.通过建立我国外汇储备、货币需求的长期均衡和短期动态调整方程,估计外汇储备和货币持有量向均衡水平调整的速度,分析外汇储备需求与货币供求等相关经济变量的长短期作用关系.     

我国现阶段通货膨胀的压力

结合西方通货膨胀的主要理论 ,以及我国学者的相关实证研究 ,文章主要从投资需求和货币供给两个角度考察影响通货膨胀的若干因素 ,通过运用格兰杰的非平稳时间序列协整分析方法 ,建立通货膨胀率与若干宏观经济变量的长期均衡关系 ,论证了我国现阶段物价水平是存在一定的上升空间的 ,即通货膨胀的压力是存在的。     

Rich Nations, Poor Nations: How Much Can Multiple Equilibria Explain?

This paper asks whether the income gap between rich and poor nations can be explained by multiple equilibria. We explore the quantitative implications of a simple two-sector general equilibrium model that gives rise to multiplicity, and calibrate the model for 127 countries. Under the assumptions of the model, around a quarter of the world’s economies are found to be in a low output equilibrium. We also find that, since the output gains associated with an equilibrium switch are sizeable, the model can explain between 15 and 25% of the variation in the logarithm of GDP per worker across countries.     

Consumer demand for meat and the evaluation of agricultural policy

This study utilizes an econometric model of equilibrium in the U.S. livestock and feedgrain markets to investigate a number of questions of economic methodology and policy. Both nonlinear consumer demand equations that obey the constraints of neoclassical demand theory and a model of supply are used. This approach allows for the measurement of the effects on consumer welfare of actual government policies. In particular, the model is employed to analyze the welfare effects of an actual policy situation — the sale of U.S. grain to the Soviet Union in the third quarter of 1972.     

汇率波动、货币政策传导渠道及有效性——兼论"不可能三角"在我国的适用性

本文尝试把人民币汇率波动纳入货币政策中介目标监控体系,采用1996年1季度至2008年2季度的季度数据进行实证检验。研究表明:(1)我国货币政策是通过货币渠道来影响实际经济总量的,并且狭义货币供应量更能实现对实际产出目标的传导和调控;(2)人民币汇率波动的扩大会减少货币供应量;(3)不可能三角在我国是成立的;(4)将人民币汇率波动纳入货币政策中介目标监控体系能提高货币政策的有效性。     

Unbalanced government budgets,private asset holdings,and the traditional comparative static multipliers

During the past quarter century, the traditional macro model of effective demand has been criticized repeatedly for ignoring certain asset market effects associated with government policy. The customary approach in using an underlying framework for this model has been to assume that government faces a budget constraint whereas the private sector confronts a wealth constraint. In this paper, we demonstrate thet if every sector faces a budget constraint, many of the aforementioned criticisms disappear. One particularly interesting result is that a balanced government budget is not necessary to achieve a stationary equilibrium for national income.     

Rational exuberance at the mall: addiction to carrying a credit card balance

The Becker-Murphy model of rational addiction is tested with New Zealand credit card debt data. The results clearly favour the rational addiction model over the myopic, backward-looking model. The estimated short-run and long-run price elasticities are ?0.58 and ?2.32 respectively, and the estimated rate of time-preference is 6.7% per quarter.     

The Determination of the Equilibrium Exchange Rate in a Simple General Equilibrium Model

In this article, we develop an analytical general equilibrium model of the equilibrium exchange rate for emerging countries. This theoretical framework allows us to identify a relevant set of variables which determinate the equilibrium exchange rate and to explore how these variables influence the trajectory of the equilibrium exchange rate.     

人民币均衡汇率最优决定研究

随着经济全球化和国际贸易、国际结算的迅猛发展,汇率成为经济中一个主要变量,影响着一国的经济,被企业社会所广泛关注。均衡汇率模型的核心是分析基本经济因素变化对均衡汇率的影响,并利用它们之间存在着的系统联系来估计均衡汇率。     

WHAT ACCOUNTS FOR THE DECLINE IN CRIME?*

In this article we analyze recent trends in aggregate property crime rates in the United States. We propose a dynamic equilibrium model that guides our quantitative investigation of the major determinants of observed patterns of crime. Our main findings can be summarized as follows: First, the model is capable of reproducing the drop in crime between 1980 and 1996. Second, the most important factors that account for the observed decline in property crime are the higher apprehension probability, the stronger economy, and the aging of the population. Third, the effect of unemployment on crime is negligible. Fourth, the increased inequality prevented an even larger decline in crime. Overall, our analysis can account for the behavior of the time series of property crime rates over the past quarter century.     

A note on the existence of monetary equilibria in overlapping generations models with storage

Wallace's result for an OG model with nonstochastic storage is extended, by provision of a necessary and sufficient condition for fiat currency to be valued in equilibrium in an OG model with stochastic storage. It is shown that a monetary equilibrium exists if and only if the real rate of return on currency that would obtain in the stationary monetary equilibrium exceeds the risk-free real rate of return that obtains in the nonmonetary equilibrium.     

Structural analysis with mixed-frequency data: A model of US capital flows

We develop a new structural Vector Autoregressive (SVAR) model for analysis with mixed-frequency data. The MIDAS-SVAR model allows to identify structural dynamic links exploiting the information contained in variables sampled at different frequencies. It also provides a general framework to test homogeneous frequency-based representations versus mixed-frequency data models. A set of Monte Carlo experiments suggests that the test performs well both in terms of size and power. The MIDAS-SVAR is then used to study how monetary policy and financial uncertainty impact on the dynamics of gross capital inflows to the US. While no relation is found when using standard quarterly data, mixed frequency analysis exploiting the variability present in the series within the quarter shows that the effect of an interest rate shock is greater the longer the time lag between the month of the shock and the end of the quarter.