面向科技智库的科技创新政策监测体系构建研究

科技创新政策研究是科技智库的核心职责之一，科技创新政策监测是开展科技创新政策研究的基本工具和手段，但目前针对科技创新政策监测体系的系统研究却不多。针对科技创新政策研究需求，创新性地以科技创新政策监测体系为研究对象，系统分析科技创新政策监测对象的范畴、科技创新政策监测的主要方法、科技创新政策智能监测的系统功能、科技创新政策监测的产品设计，可为相关科技智库机构开展科技创新政策研究提供一套具备操作性的研究模式，为后续科技创新政策监测研究提供有益借鉴。     

面向科技智库的科技创新政策监测体系构建研究

科技创新政策研究是科技智库的核心职责之一，科技创新政策监测是开展科技创新政策研究的基本工具和手段，但目前针对科技创新政策监测体系的系统研究却不多。针对科技创新政策研究需求，创新性地以科技创新政策监测体系为研究对象，系统分析科技创新政策监测对象的范畴、科技创新政策监测的主要方法、科技创新政策智能监测的系统功能、科技创新政策监测的产品设计，可为相关科技智库机构开展科技创新政策研究提供一套具备操作性的研究模式，为后续科技创新政策监测研究提供有益借鉴。     

资源型城市中小企业科技创新能力提升路径

资源型城市的中小企业是资源型城市转型的重要推动力量,是其科技创新的重要主体。目前,资源型城市中小企业科技创新面临尚未形成有利于中小企业创新的外部环境、创新意识淡薄且科技创新信息获取渠道不畅、科技创新资金来源有限、融资环境亟待改善、科技创新层次低导致科技创新资源浪费严重、创新人才激励机制和创新协调沟通机制建设滞后等问题。应积极引导中小企业走科技创新发展道路,加强财税和金融对中小企业科技创新的支持力度,提高科技创新服务能力,完善科技创新服务体系,有意识地把握主动权,树立科学技术是第一生产力的理念,形成服务中小企业科技创新的发展思路,用科技创新带动资源型城市转型发展。     

科技计划与科技标准协同创新模式研究

科技计划和科技标准协同创新是科技创新的关键。对科技计划和科技标准协同创新进行基础性研究：阐述科技计划和科技标准协同创新内涵、关键要素以及特征等基础理论，研究科技计划和科技标准协同创新模式，并结合我国科技计划、科技经费与财务标准协同情况进行分析，提出我国科技计划和科技标准协同创新建议。     

科技创新服务体系中创新主体的联动机制建设

科技创新服务体系对于科技创新能力以及区域的竞争实力具有重要战略地位,一个不断完善的科技创新服务体系是经济社会可持续发展的保障机制.本文阐述目前国内外科技创新服务体系发展现状,指出我国科技创新服务体系创新主体现存的磨合性障碍,探索科技创新服务体系创新主体联动机制模型,并提出构建科技创新服务体系创新主体联动机制建设的对策建议.     

和谐社会建设导向下科技创新节点的科技创新能力评价模型

将宏观层面的"和谐社会建设"目标作为设计科技创新节点科技创新能力评价指标体系的核心,以此衡量科技创新节点科技创新对自身和社会的贡献大小。并从科技创新意识、科技创新投入水平、科技创新产出水平、科技成果转化水平和科技创新对和谐社会建设的贡献水平5个方面设计评价模型,再应用EAHP评价方法求解模型。研究结果表明,该模型可以为科技创新节点自身进行科技创新能力的诊断分析提供参考工具,从而找出关键因素,也可以为政府部门评价科技创新节点的科技创新能力提供参考。     

新农村建设中农业科技创新面临的问题与对策

加快推进农业科技创新是建设新农村、实现农业农村经济可持续发展的必由之路。该文分析了当前我国农业科技创新面临的问题,提出了推进农业科技创新的思路：一是要大力强化农业科技自主创新;二是要大力增加对农业科技创新的投入;三是要大力加强农业科技创新人才队伍建设,提高农民的科技素质和科技应用能力;四是要大力推进科技创新成果的转化应用;五是要大力稳定壮大农业科技创新推广队伍;六是要大力实施农业科技创新体制改革;七是要大力开展农业科技创新的国际合作、交流与科技创新的基础设施建设。     

江苏科技金融与科技创新互动发展研究

科技与金融是经济发展的两大重要引擎。界定了科技金融内涵,揭示了科技金融与科技创新的相互作用机理,利用统计数据对我国和江苏科技金融与科技创新各变量进行了单位根检验、协整检验和格兰杰因果关系检验。研究结果表明：我国科技创新能有效带动科技金融发展规模的扩大,但科技金融对科技创新发展的促进作用还不够显著,科技与金融结合还有较大提升空间;江苏科技金融能有效带动科技创新投入,科技创新产出对科技金融发展具有积极的正反馈效应,公共科技金融对科技创新发展起主导作用,市场科技金融对科技创新产出的助推作用有待增强。最后,提出了促进江苏科技金融与科技创新互动发展的对策建议。     

宁夏科技创新管理运行机制相关问题研究

科技创新管理运行机制是科技创新顺利进行的重要保障。探讨了科技创新管理运行机制定义,明晰了科技创新管理主体演变过程,分析了宁夏现行科技创新管理运行机制现状与存在的问题,构建了适应市场经济要求的科技创新运行机制,并提出了对策建议。     

河北冀中南经济区科技创新评价体系的构建与对策

本文在分析河北冀中南经济区经济发展的系统结构、运行及其环境的基础上,通过对河北省冀中南经济区的科技创新环境、科技创新资源、科技创新效率、科技创新产出、科技创新影响力进行研究,提出经济区科技创新合评价的指标体系以及具体测算方法,建立了一套监测科技创新统计制度。经济区科技创新定量评价对于科学制定经济区科技发展战略和政策、推动经济区科技进步和经济社会发展具有重要意义。     

我国房地产税制的现状及改革构想

房地产税制是维护房地产市场公平竞争，实现国家对房地产业宏观调控的有力杠杆。然而，我国现行的房地产税制却存在税费不分、税制不统一、税制结构不合理等诸多问题。严重影响了其对房地产业应有的宏观调控作用。因此，适时地推进房地产税制的改革应是当务之急，应统一内外税制，合理界定税费的范围，建立统一、规范、合理的房地产税收体系。     

The Change in Productive Efficiency in Telecommunications in the United States

The question addressed here is whether the adoption of incentive regulation, which has become an important regulatory tool in the telecommunications industry in the USA, has resulted in a change in the technical efficiency of local exchange carriers in the USA. After providing an overview of the nature of incentive regulation, a methodology for measuring technical efficiency and its change is introduced. This is a multiple-output/multiple-input distance function approach to measuring technical efficiency. The results of implementing this approach for 19 local exchange carriers for the 1988-2001 period indicate that in the production of local service, intrastate toll/access service, and interstate access to local loops, there was no change in technical efficiency between the 1988-1990 period and the 1991- 2001 period, something that incentive regulation was specifically designed to promote.     

The Change in Productive Efficiency in Telecommunications in the United States

The question addressed here is whether the adoption of incentive regulation, which has become an important regulatory tool in the telecommunications industry in the USA, has resulted in a change in the technical efficiency of local exchange carriers in the USA. After providing an overview of the nature of incentive regulation, a methodology for measuring technical efficiency and its change is introduced. This is a multiple-output/multiple-input distance function approach to measuring technical efficiency. The results of implementing this approach for 19 local exchange carriers for the 1988–2001 period indicate that in the production of local service, intrastate toll/access service, and interstate access to local loops, there was no change in technical efficiency between the 1988–1990 period and the 1991–2001 period, something that incentive regulation was specifically designed to promote.     

Inequalities in Income Distribution in Slovenia

This article presents an empirical analysis of income distribution based on income tax data for Slovenia in 1991-2000. It presents evidence of rising inequalities in income distribution (gross income, gross wages and pensions). These results are supported by coefficients of variation, Gini coefficients and by the Lorenz curves. Inequalities increased rapidly in the 1991 to 1993 period. After a significant decrease in 1994 and a steady increase from 1995 to 2000, the peak value from 1993 was not surpassed. Atkinson's requirements for dominance comparisons are not violated. Inequalities are also present in the distribution of the benefits of economic growth among income groups.     

Age Discrimination in Employment in Canada

Issues pertaining to age discrimination in employment in Canada are analyzed with a view toward highlighting lessons that may be learned from the Canadian experience—an experience that is taking on increased policy importance. Reasons for the increased attention to age discrimination issues are outlined, followed by a portrayal of the age discrimination legislation and court interpretations in Canada, especially as they pertain to mandatory retirement. Enforcement aspects are discussed, as is the evidence on age discrimination in employment and the effectiveness of legislation with respect to age discrimination and mandatory retirement. The article concludes with a discussion of the lessons to be learned from the Canadian experience, especially with respect to the poorly understood but complicated relationship between age discrimination and mandatory retirement. Policy recommendations for strengthening age discrimination legislation are also outlined. (JEL J14 , J24 , J71 )     

上海生态农业发展影响因素研究

文章分析了上海生态农业发展的影响因素,并利用计量模型进行检验,认为影响上海生态农业发展的主要因素有农业基础设施、农业劳动力资源、农业产业化水平、农业科技实力状况。     

Payment Systems in Countries in Transition

MOCT-MOST: Economic Policy in Transitional Economies -     

Public participation in forestry in Turkey

Recently public participation in forestry has been seriously considered in Turkey. Participation is however quite a challenge for a country with a long tradition of top-down management and a strong bottom-up dependence on public provisioning. In such a setting, it may not be surprising that the experiences with public participation in forestry in Turkey are mixed. There are some positive initiatives like the creation of farmer's cooperatives and NGOs, but their role is quite limited and small of scale. This paper is bringing together different views based on existing studies in Turkish related to Turkey's experience with implementing public participation in forestry.