影响商业银行次级债券风险溢价因素的回归分析

通过对我国银行间债券市场中银行次级债券风险溢价因素的实证，结果显示。评级机构给予的级别与商业银行次级债券的风险溢价显著相关，债券级别越高，风险溢价越低。另一方面，市场似乎认为评级机构并未充分考虑不同债权优先级别的债券在违约情况下的损失程度的不同，混合资本债的级别并未与次级债和金融债的级别合理拉开。实证还发现当债券以浮动利率发行时，债券的风险溢价能显著降低；当银行存款准备金率上升时，债券需要向投资者支付更高的风险溢价。     

影响商业银行次级债券风险溢价因素的回归分析

通过时我国银行间债券市场中银行次级债券风险溢价因素的实证,结果显示,评级机构给予的级别与商业银行次级债券的风险溢价显著相关,债券级别越高,风险溢价越低.另一方面,市场似乎认为评级机构并未充分考虑不同债权优先级别的债券在违约情况下的损失程度的不同,混合资本债的级别并未与次级债和金融债的级别合理拉开.实证还发现当债券以浮动利率发行时,债券的风险溢价能显著降低;当银行存款准备金率上升时,债券需要向投资者支付更高的风险溢价.     

三种度量基准下的无风险利率实证比较

以上证综指、深圳成指和沪深300指数为研究样本,构建了多因子模型,并利用2003年1月—2009年2月三类指数收益率及各因子的月度数据,用最小二乘法实证反演了上海证券交易市场、深圳证券交易市场以及沪深综合证券交易市场隐含的无风险利率和风险价值。研究发现:股市隐含的风险补偿为负,与传统的风险溢价理论相悖;以短期银行存款利率、7天Shibor利率及7天国债回购利率为度量基准,股市隐含的无风险利率与其存在较大差异,因此在金融衍生品等相关研究中不宜不加选择地将它们作为无风险利率的代理指标。     

从国债结构管理看国债成本控制

随着我国国债规模的不断增加，控制国债成本问题也日益为人们所关注。本基于国债结构管理的视角，针对我国国债发展的实际情况，从收益率、流动性溢价和风险溢价等三个方面，对如何选择不同品种的债券进行了理论分析，并提出了相应的政策建议。     

股权风险溢价及其在中国股票市场上的应用

股票收益率与无风险债券收益率之间的差被称为股权风险溢价(Rm-Rf).近年来的研究发现,股权风险溢价非常大,标准的资本资产定价模型(CAPM)已经不能解释如此大的差异,股权风险溢价也就成了世界之谜.本文首先分析了股权风险溢价的产生以及理论解释,然后在此基础上讨论了测算中国股权风险溢价时应该注意的问题.     

投融资期限错配与企业债券违约风险

本文基于中国企业债券违约的现状,结合期限匹配理论的基本原理,以2015—2020年中国债券市场公开发行债券的企业为研究对象,实证检验了投融资期限错配对企业债券违约风险的影响及作用机制。研究结果表明:首先,运用"投资—短期借款"敏感性模型,分组检验了债券违约企业和债券非违约企业"短贷长投"这种投融资期限错配现象,这种现象在债券违约企业中表现得更显著。其次,利用Logit模型实证检验了投融资期限错配与企业债券违约风险的关系,结果表明,投融资期限错配会增加企业债券违约风险的可能。再次,利用二分类别变量中介效应检验方法得出,投融资期限错配会通过加剧流动性风险而增大企业债券违约风险。最后,通过分组回归分析表明,当企业外部融资约束程度和企业内部管理者过度自信程度较高时,投融资期限错配对企业债券违约风险的影响更显著。据此,应秉承分类治理的思路,不仅要改善当前的金融投资环境,还要加强构建完善的企业内部治理机制。     

齐当别模型与股权溢价之谜

一、股权溢价之谜 股权溢价(The Equicy Premium)是指股票收益率大于无风险资产收益率的现象.由于股票的风险较大,市场上大量的风险厌恶型投资者必然会要求以高收益来补偿持有股票所带来的高风险,因此一定程度的股权溢价是正常的市场现象.然而,大量针对不同时期与地区的实证研究表明,股权溢价程度远远超出了标准经济学模型所能解释的范围,这一现象被称之为"股权溢价之谜".     

理性资产价格

在金融和经济学中的一个中心主题，就是要为不同金融资产的收益率寻求一套统一理论。我们尤其要讨论金融资产收益率的均值、可协方差性及可预测性。从宏观角度，我们学习了短期无风险利率、长期债券收益率与无风险利率的差值以及股票市场风险在无风险利率基础上的加总证券溢价。而从微观角度，我们研究了个别股票与股票族收益率的差值，价值股与成长股的关系以及历史上亏损股票与获益股票的关系。     

基于泰勒线性化的信用债券的定价及实证分析

本文研究了信用债券的定价问题,区别于传统中"同一信用等级的债券具有相同信用利差"的观点,假设每只债券具有其独立的违约过程,以信用风险简约模型为理论框架为息票债券定价并给出其价格的闭式解。实证研究以银行间中期票据为样本,通过一阶泰勒近似将定价模型进行线性化处理,债券价格的拟合结果表明了模型在我国债券市场的有效性和泰勒线性化处理方式的合理性;基于独立和共同违约风险参数下的蒙特卡洛预测价格的比较,表明独立违约参数模型可为信用债券更准确地定价。     

灾难与风险溢价之谜：最新研究进展评述

“风险溢价之谜”在资产定价理论中占有举足轻重的地位,自MehraandPrescott（1985）提出这个谜以来,尽管已有大量的研究,这个谜却一直没能得到很好的解释。而Rietz—Barro等将罕见灾难引入资产定价模型,不仅完美地解释了高风险溢价和低无风险利率之谜,而且学者们进一步引入广义预期效用和可变灾难．同时将灾难的解释范围扩展到股票、债券、期权等金融资产的定价和价格波动之谜,解决了传统金融理论所无法解释的众多宏观金融难题。更为重要的是,通过引入系统性风险,真实经济周期理论和资产定价理论有了新的突破,从而打开了一扇融合现代宏观经济学和金融学的大门。     

Volatility spillovers and the price of risk: Evidence from the Swiss stock market

This paper investigates the behavior of the risk premium on the Swiss stock market. The risk premium consists of two components, which are estimated separately: the amount of volatility and the unit price of risk. By estimating a bivariate GARCH-M model the volatility of the Swiss market is found to be strongly exposed to spillovers from the other major financial markets. To estimate the unit price of risk a Kalman filter procedure is employed, which allows for variability in this variable. Investors place a high price on risk, when the market is considered `expensive'. First version received: March 1998/final version received: July 1998     

Risk aversion and risk loving in the small: a decomposition of the multivariate risk premium

This note proposes a decomposition of the familiar scalar multivariate risk premium into components which can be easily interpreted in the context of consumer theory. The premium under consideration is the standard one used to ascertain the impact of price and income risk on consumer welfare. This proposed premium decomposition allows for a more intuitive identification of the detrimental and beneficial effects that arise from income and price risk. As an illustrative example, this decomposition is used to ascertain the welfare effects arising from the price fluctuations experienced by UK households over the period 1963–97.     

Investor sentiment,variance risk premium and delta-hedged gains

Delta-hedged gains are supposed to be negative and represent a volatility risk premium. Using a sample of Standard & Poor 500 index options from 2006 to 2009, this study documents two anomalies that cannot be explained by the volatility risk premium. First, delta-hedged gains are more negative for out-of-money options than for at-the-money options. Second, delta-hedged gains are significantly positive during financial crisis period. We propose a behavioural explanation in which both option prices and stock prices are affected by investor’s sentiment, but pessimistic sentiment has a greater impact on stock market than option market. This asymmetric response to pessimistic mood in turn affects the relative expensiveness of option prices.     

Do financial distress and liquidity crises affect value and size premiums?

This study investigates the impact of liquidity crises on the relationship between stock (value and size) premiums and default risk in the US market. It first examines whether financial distress can explain value and size premiums, and then, subsequently, aims to determine whether liquidity crises increase the risk of value and size premium investment strategies. The study employs a time-varying approach and a sample of US stock returns for the period between January 1982 and March 2011, a period which includes the current liquidity crisis, so as to examine the relationship between default risk, liquidity crises and value and size premiums. The findings indicate that the default premium has explanatory power for value and size premiums, which affect firms with different characteristics. We also find that liquidity crises may actually increase the risks related to size and value premium strategies.     

Understanding Exchange Rate Movements during the 2008 Financial Crisis

During the 2008 financial crisis, many advanced economies, whose banking systems suffered significant capital losses, experienced large and rapid exchange rate depreciations followed by prolonged and gradual appreciation in subsequent periods. In order to understand one possible explanation of these observed exchange rate movements, we develop a simple model of a highly leveraged banking sector in which banks obtain part of their funding from abroad. A fall in bank net worth leads to foreign lenders demanding a higher risk premium on credit supplied to domestic banks. This higher risk premium can be met if the exchange rate experiences an appreciation along the adjustment path, since this raises the value of the bank's earnings in terms of the foreign currency for every period that the foreign risk premium is elevated. In order for the exchange rate to appreciate by a large amount along the adjustment path, it must initially become undervalued – relative to its long-run level – so that in equilibrium the market is willing to bid up its value in subsequent periods. This thus gives rise to the large initial depreciation of the exchange rate followed by its prolonged and gradual appreciation.     

Revisiting the risk-return relation in the Chinese stock market: Decomposition of risk premium and volatility feedback effect

The empirical results of the risk-return relationship are mixed for both mature and merging markets. In this paper, we develop a new volatility model to revisit the risk-return relation of the aggregate stock market index by extending the Realized GARCH model of Hansen et al. (2012) with the Wang and Yang (2013) framework, in which the overall risk-return relation is decomposed into a risk premium and a volatility feedback effect. An empirical analysis of three major Chinese stock indices reveals positive risk premium and negative volatility feedback effect, and those findings are stable across different markets and sub-samples. However, their relative magnitudes differ between markets and varies through time.     

金融危机背景下银行类股票β值及其稳定性的实证检验

在金融研究中,风险和收益、个股与整个股市的波动一直是人们最为关注的问题。特别是在2007年8月美国次贷危机迅速蔓延后,各个公司更加重视股市波动的研究,以求最大限度地规避风险、获得最大收益。在金融研究中,人们通常用期望值表示收益,用方差和标准差来衡量风险。而在两者的关系研究中,资本资产定价模型反映了均衡状态下单个证券的预期回报与其相对市场风险值之间的关系,也描述了证券的风险溢价与市场组合风险溢价之间的关系。选择金融危机迅速传播后的2007年8月到2011年10月21日为研究时间段,选择上海证券交易所A股市场的浦发银行（600000）等14只银行类股票为研究对象,确定它们的值,研究银行类股票与整个股市波动的相关性,说明它们的风险溢价与市场组合风险溢价之间的变动关系。考虑到在所选时间段中,2010年3月开展的融资融券业务可能会对股票值的稳定性有所影响,因此,在求出这些股票的值后,还对这些股票值的稳定性进行了Chow检验。     

中国股票市场估值研究——局部投资价值凸现与市场整体性结构调整并存

在当前价格下,样本股票未来带给国内投资者的回报率可能不低于成熟市场,如果国内投资者对样本股票所要求的股权风险溢价能与境外投资者对成熟市场所要求的水平相当,那么样本股票无疑已凸现投资价值;如果国内投资者对样本股票所要求的股权风险溢价与境外投资者对中国香港等新兴市场所要求的水平看齐,那么样本股票就可能存在高估的问题;但是如果考虑到A股含权的因素,即使是与中国香港市场比较,样本股票可能已具备较高的投资价值。     

A novel measure of liquidity premium: application to the Korean stock market

This study proposes a novel measure for an asset’s liquidity premium. Applying Brownian first-passage time distribution properties, we derive an explicit form of liquidity premium embedded in the asset price. Our liquidity premium measure is intuitive because it assesses the extent to which the value of the asset should be increased from the current market price if investors were allowed to retain the asset until they achieve an investment goal. This measure is readily available for assessing an asset’s liquidity because it does not require information on the asset’s transactional characteristics. Our empirical experiment using Korean stock market data suggests that the liquidity premium in this study is inversely related to Amihud’s (2002) illiquidity ratio, which is commonly used to measure stocks’ illiquidity.