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王怀勇 《中国农村信用合作》2015,(4):18-20
受制于既有法律供给的不足,我国农村土地流转中还存在不少制度障碍。展望未来,三权分置的设计将可能上升到法律的高度,从而解决现有的问题农村土地流转有利于促进农业的现代化、规模化和集约化,其发展与完善是我国近年来农村土地制度改革的着力点和努力方向。然而,受制于既有法律供给的不足,我国农村土地流转中还存在不少制度障碍,在一定程度上影响了农村土地流转制度的施行,不利于农村土地适度规模经营。土地承包经营权流转存在法律限制在我国现行立法中,有关农村土地使用权 相似文献
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适度规模经营背景下农村土地流转研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
适度规模经营是发展现代农业的必由之路。现阶段我国在推进适度规模经营过程中所引发的土地流转问题值得高度关注。本文分别从土地制度、农户分化、产业结构、土地价格以及城镇化五个维度对我国农村土地流转问题进行了多视角分析。在此基础上,本文提出了进一步完善农村土地流转制度、尊重农户意愿、推进农业产业结构调整、完善土地流转价格形成机制以及引导城镇化有序发展等相关政策建议。 相似文献
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农村土地的高效流转能加快实现农业现代化。文章阐述了我国农村土地流转的形式与特点,分析了近年来农村土地流转的主要问题,提出了我国农村土地流转的优化建议,以推进乡村振兴战略。 相似文献
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随着我国市场经济的发展和新农村建设进程的推进,为了加快实现农业现代化、增加农民收入、深化农村改革、统筹推进城镇化和新农村建设,农村土地流转成为必然趋势。国内外学者从理论构建、现状调查、问题剖析和原因归结等诸多方面展开了深入研究,为我国农村土地流转制度的建立和完善奠定了坚实基础,但在研究视角和内容等方面仍有待拓展和深化。 相似文献
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甘肃市州农业现代化发展综合评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
[目的]基于相同的评价标准框架,测评不同区域的农业现代化发展水平,对不同地区间量化差距、找准短板和借鉴经验至关重要。[方法]参照“全国农业现代化监测评价指标体系”,构建了包含6个一级指标18个二级测评指标的甘肃市州农业现代化评价指标体系,运用多指标综合测度法,对甘肃省市州农业现代化发展水平进行评价。[结果]甘肃农业现代化进程相对缓慢,总体处于转型跨越阶段和发展阶段; 省内各市州间呈不均衡发展,嘉峪关、白银2市发展情况较好,金昌、张掖、酒泉、武威、兰州5市居中,定西、临夏、甘南、庆阳、陇南、平凉、天水7市州较滞后。[结论]与全国农业现代化发展水平相比较,甘肃市州农业现代化发展差距最大的是农业产业体系,其次是质量效益体系,而且土地适度规模化经营比重低严重制约经营体系现代化。未来甘肃省各市州促进农业现代化进程的重点是培养多元化农村产业融合主体、深化农业产业链条、推进土地流转促进适度规模经营,创新模式促进农业经营方式转变; 需要倾斜资金着力解决广大山旱区农业基础设施薄弱等问题,提高规模化、机械化、信息化水平及产业融合度,发展以科技、装备、信息等现代投入要素为核心的现代农业。 相似文献
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The survival of the small-farm sector in the process of agricultural modernization in Latin America has been a concern for many authors and institutions. It is generally believed that the small-farm sector is bypassed in the process of agricultural development. The authors analyze modernization of bean/maize cropping systems in Southern Colombia. Prices, production practices and profitability are compared for 1975 and 1989. By means of a production function, the effects of allocative efficiency, technical efficiency and technical change on productivity and profitability are analyzed. The observed changes reflect very well the price trends over the period. Between 1975 and 1989, total factor productivity increased by 50%. Bean/maize producers almost doubled returns to land and labor. Increased technical efficiency had most effect on profitability, followed by technical change. Allocative efficiency had more impact on yields than on profitability because it was associated with high input costs. Considerable opportunities for further productivity increases were identified. Conclusions on the nature of the modernization process are drawn. Implications for agricultural policy, research and the role of the small farm in agricultural development are derived. 相似文献
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随着新疆棉花产业现代化进程的不断推进,农业技术在棉花生产和经营过程中起着十分重要的推动作用,建立符合农户需求的新型农业技术服务体系是实现新疆棉区农业现代化的必由之路。文章通过对库车县的实地调查,运用二元Logistic回归模型,分析不同特征的棉农对最为迫切需要的三大农业技术需求的影响因素。结果表明,户主性别、户主年龄、当前是否务农、家庭年收入、样本村是否有农业合作社等5个变量分别通过显著性检验。其中,只有户主年龄在3个模型中都通过显著性检验,说明户主年龄是库车县棉农对农业技术需求的决定性因素。并基于研究结果提出改善库车县农业技术服务的对策建议。 相似文献
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China’s land transfer is an inevitable requirement for implementing the rural revitalization strategy in the new era. The speed and extent of land transfer are related to the sustainable development of China's agriculture and the process of realizing rural agricultural modernization. In practice, due to the imperfect land transfer market and related systems, the property income of the transfer farmers is insufficient, which leads to inconsistency between the intention and behavior of the farmers. Based on a field survey of rural households in Gansu Province's impoverished mountainous area, we first employ cross-analysis to qualitatively assess the deviation between farmers' land transfer intention and behavior. Second, we use a logistic-interpretative-structural model to empirically analyze the factors influencing such a deviation and the internal logical relationships of these factors. We find that a substantial deviation exists between farmers' land transfer intention and behavior, with 57.64 % of respondents having the intention to transfer, but no actual transfer behavior. Moreover, among the 12 factors identified that significantly affect this deviation, agricultural production enthusiasm is superficially the main direct factor, while agricultural production scale, non-agricultural income, satisfaction in agricultural subsidy policy, and the impact of disasters are the secondary, indirect factors. Meanwhile, the deep-rooted factors are the head of household's age, the presence of village cadres in the household, non-farm working hours, the size of the household's labor force, and difficulty in obtaining land transfer information, land types, and property rights intervention. Therefore, we conclude that in the process of land transfer, the leading role of village cadres should be strengthened, a transfer information exchange platform should be established, land policy should be strictly implemented, land adjustment should be reduced, the rural land exit guarantee mechanism should be improved, and the doubts of farmers regarding land transfer should be eliminated. These steps would make sure that the deviation between farmers’ land transfer intention and actual behavior is minimized. 相似文献
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目的 农业现代化建设是动态的过程,衡量不同时期各地区农业现代化的表现,及其收敛特征对实现乡村振兴和区域均衡发展有重要意义。方法 文章首先基于熵权法,借助2003—2020年中国30个省(市、自治区,不含港澳台和西藏)的面板数据,构建包含农业面源污染数据在内的8项大指标体系,测算中国各地区的农业现代化水平;其次,借助非线性时变因子俱乐部检验法,识别农业现代化水平的收敛组;最后,应用Ordered Logit和Ordered Probit模型检验俱乐部的成因。结果 研究发现,中国农业现代化总体水平不高,地区差距明显;30个省(市、自治区,不含港澳台和西藏)收敛于4个俱乐部,其中北京、上海、黑龙江3个地区收敛于高水平俱乐部、21个地区收敛于中高水平俱乐部、云南和重庆收敛于中等水平俱乐部、山西、甘肃、贵州和青海收敛于低水平俱乐部;进一步研究发现,技术创新、人力资本水平和农业保险对俱乐部融合具有促进作用。结论 因此,低水平俱乐部可以通过提升人力资本、加大科技投入、发展农业保险等路径实现向高水平俱乐部的趋同。 相似文献
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在对新时代水利现代化内涵进行分析的基础上,运用层次分析法,构建了由16个指标构成的新时代水利现代化评价指标体系,并引入统计学相关理论知识,对构建的指标体系进行了相关性检验,进一步验证了所建立的指标体系的科学性。对2017年度我国水利现代化进程进行了评估分析,结果显示,2017年我国水利现代化指数为69.89,正处于水利现代化进程快速发展阶段中期。为加快我国水利现代化进程,以新发展理念为引领,从补齐水利工程短板、强化涉水事务监管、健全评估制度等方面提出了加快推进我国水利现代化进程的相关对策建议。 相似文献
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中国分地区农业农村现代化发展水平评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 评价农业农村现代化发展水平对实现农业农村现代化至关重要。方法 文章根据农业农村现代化内涵,构建一个包含28个具体指标的农业农村现代化评价体系,参考发达国家经验和我国实际,确定各指标实现农业农村现代化的目标值,对2015— 2019年全国及各地区农业农村现代化发展进行分析。结果 (1)2015— 2019年全国层面农业农村现代化由发展阶段提高到了提升阶段,但目前存在农业现代化发展增速较慢和农村现代化发展水平较低的问题。(2)从地区差异来看,2015— 2019年各地区农业农村现代化水平都有了显著提升,华东沿海地区、中部地区与长江流域、西部地区与东北地区农业农村现代化水平依次降低。(3)按近几年增速预测,2035年全国层面基本实现农业农村现代化问题不大,但是部分地区会有一定困难。结论 最后提出推进农村产业高质量融合发展,完善金融机构对农业农村支持,构建多元主体参与的乡村建设机制,重点加强西部、东北地区农业农村现代化建设的政策建议。 相似文献
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针对和县农业从传统农业向现代农业加速转化过程中取得的成绩和存在的问题,从赋予法人资格、规范土地流转、完善内部治理、加强宣传教育等方面提出若干建议,以期促进和县农业组织形式的现代化,进而促进和县农业现代化的进程。 相似文献
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Agricultural modernization and sustainable agriculture: contradictions and complementarities 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Karlheinz Knickel Amit Ashkenazy Tzruya Calvão Chebach Nicholas Parrot 《国际农业可持续发展杂志》2017,15(5):575-592
This paper explores the relations between agricultural modernization and sustainable agriculture. The point of departure is the observable decrease in the sustainability and social–ecological resilience of agricultural and food systems. We ask where, precisely, the notions of agricultural modernization and agricultural sustainability contradict each other. In more concrete terms we ask what forms of modernization makes agriculture more (or less) sustainable. Our literature review shows that while the term ‘sustainable agriculture’, has been extensively debated, the term ‘agricultural modernization’, while carrying a positive and forward-looking connotation, remains poorly defined. To address this gap, we draw on evidence from real-life cases in fourteen countries in an attempt to interpret how the two concepts are perceived in very different contexts. These case studies show that different understandings of modern and sustainable agriculture coexist and that agricultural development follows diverse pathways. We conclude that the growing demands for an agricultural and food system that is more resilient, equitable and inclusive can be met by providing more support for the many divergent trajectories of agricultural modernization that practitioners are actually pursuing: trajectories that are often more attuned to the imperatives of ecology and to changing socio–economic preferences than the classical modernization trajectory. 相似文献
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马隽 《中国农业资源与区划》2016,37(2):135-137
随着中国城镇化进程不断推进,农村现代化加速运行,尤其是中国农村土地制度产生了重大的变革,中国农村需要面对的剩余劳动力转移与安置问题愈发严重。怎么将这些劳动力从农业转移到其它生产部门,在安置劳动力保证社会平稳过渡的同时,实现农村经济长期可持续发展,是我国在实现农业现代化与新型城市化中必须要解决的问题。文章为研究我国的富余劳动力安置问题,从中国农村土地流转改革与新型城镇化发展这一重要现实背景出发,分析目前与未来中国产生大量农村富余劳动力的转移安置与可持续发展的前景,在产业不断优化转移的大趋势下以农村电商的发展为突破口,从目前我国农村电子商务的现状、问题以及农村电商的发展出路进行了分析,得出农村电商将成为中国农村剩余劳动力的重要安置路径之一。 相似文献