欧盟区域发展规划战略环境评价评介

研究目的:介绍欧盟结构基金和区域发展规划环境评价,为中国土地利用规划环境影响评价提供参考.研究方法:文献资料法.研究结果:欧盟战略环境评价分为6个基本步骤:(1)环境现状评价;(2)确定相关发展目标的可持续发展标准;(3)制定规划草案与替代方案;(4)规划草案的环境评价;(5)确立规划的环境指标;(6)将评价结果与规划和计划的最终决策结合起来.研究结论:欧盟区域发展规划环境评价技术方法对中国开展土地利用规划环境影响评价具有借鉴意义.     

北京市虚拟水战略环境影响评价

为使实施虚拟水战略对环境的影响最小化,基于战略环境影响评价的理论,以北京市为例,对北京市虚拟水战略进行分析研究,提出了开展虚拟水战略环境影响评价的内涵、原则、内容及步骤。建议在全国范围开展虚拟水战略实施的研究,根据各地实际情况制定相应的实施方案,并在战略制定的同时开展虚拟水战略环境影响评价分析。     

规划导向的土地利用规划环境影响评价方法

研究目的:建立适合中国土地利用规划的环境影响评价程序和方法.研究方法:文献资料法,对比法.研究结果:中国土地利用规划环评宜采用规划导向的环境影响评价方法,在程序上主要采取与规划过程并行的方式,并与土地利用规划的空间体系相适应,选择相应的模式.研究结论:评价对象的差异决定了战略环评与项目环评的方法有所不同,宜从中国土地利用规划的特点出发,使评价的方法具有针对性和可操作性.     

英国战略环境影响评价进展与启示

从英国战略环境影响评价（SEA）的阶段分析入手，分别阐述了SEA的法律法规、评价导则或指南、评价方法三个主要方面。最后总结英国SEA的特点并提出对我国规划环境影响评价的相关建议。对我国SEA的研究具有重要的参考意义。     

土地利用规划环境影响评价若干问题探讨

研究目的 :探讨土地利用规划环境影响评价有关问题 ,为土地利用规划修编提供基础。研究方法 :综合分析法。研究结果 :提出了土地利用规划环境影响评价的内涵、基本工作程序、指标体系与评价方法。研究结论 :应深入开展土地利用规划环境影响评价研究 ,尽快出台相关技术规程。     

广东省土地勘测规划院获得全国规划环境影响评价资格

2005年8月3日，广东省土地勘测规划院经过国家环保总局的审核和遴选．被评为全国第三批规划环境影响评价推荐单位（国家环境保护总局2005年第37号公告），为下一步在土地利用总体规划中进行战略环境影响评价奠定了基础。战略环境影响评价（SEA）是环境影响评价在战略层次上的应用，它是对一项战略，具体包括法律、政策、计划、规划，以及战略替代方案的环境影响进行正式、系统和综合的评价过程，目的是通过SEA消除和降低因战略失效造成的环境影响，     

土地利用规划的战略环境影响评价

研究目的:解决我国现有土地利用可持续发展目标之间矛盾,实现土地利用过程中的生态经济协同发展的战略目标。研究方法:比较研究与系统分析。研究结果:分析了我国土利用规划的现状及存在的环境问题;提出在土利用规划中引入环评,重点探讨了土地利用总体规划的战略环境影响评价(SEA)体系(内容、程序、指标体系、方法等)。研究结论:引入战略环境影响评价体系是土地利用总体规划的必然之路,而这一体系的建立和完善还需要不断地研究和实践。     

三级土地利用总体规划环评体系研究

研究目的:研究国家、省和市三级土地利用规划环境影响评价体系和技术.研究方法:文献资料法,对比法.研究结果:土地利用总体规划环评应以规划的重点内容为主要评价对象,但国家和省级规划环评应以定性评价指标为主要构成,而市级规则应以定量评价指标为主要构成.研究结论:应根据不同层级土地利用总体规划的特点,有针对性、有重点的开展环境影响评价.     

上海市建设用地空间布局的地面沉降环境影响评价

研究目的:研究上海市建设用地空间布局的地面沉降环境影响评价方法和现状。研究方法:以上海市为例,通过选取地基、地面沉降等条件,构建建设用地布局的危险度指标进行建设用地规划的环境影响评价。对建设用地规模和扩展区、交通站网、水电站网等规划进行评价,探讨上海市规划建设用地布局的地面沉降环境影响。研究结果:上海2006—2020年初步规划的建设用地、交通和水电等基础设施,最大限度地避开了地面沉降灾害的高危险度区,整体上较为合理。研究结论:以地面沉降灾害风险为例的建设用地布局环境影响评价对土地利用总体规划环境影响评价具有重要意义。     

基本农田保护区规划环境影响评价方法

研究目的:探索一种基于GIS空间情景分析技术的基本农田保护区规划环境影响评价方法。研究方法:在GIS空间情景分析的基础上,提出基本农田保护区规划环境影响评价方法,并通过上海市实践验证该方法的可行性。研究结果:该方法可以在现有基本农田保护区规划方案的基础上,充分利用GIS的空间分析功能设定不同的环境影响评价情景,并通过对各情景下环境影响的定量比较分析,快速有效地评价基本农旧保护区规划方案的科学性和合理性。研究结论:该方法评价结果定量直观,具有一定的推广应用价值。     

论土地规划的环境影响评价

研究目的:<中华人民共和国环境影响评价法>确立了中国的环境影响评价制度,作者为开展土地利用规划的环境影响评价提供参考.研究方法:文献资料综合分析法、借鉴已经开展的有关工作的经验与相关领域的研究成果的方法.研究结论:将LUPEIA分为LUOPEIA、LUSPEIA、LUPPEIA三个层次,初步构建了中国LUPEIA体系;提出了基于PSR框架、FAO相关文件及项目EIA的LUPEIA方法论,建立了基于PSR框架的地市级土地利用规划环境评价指标体系,讨论了FAO相关文件在LUPEIA的作用,将土地利用持续性评价归结为LUPEIA的主要内容,土地利用结构的调整与空间布局对环境的影响是LUPEIA的特色,美国国家环保局的BASINS工具对土地利用造成的流域水环境质量影响评价是值得借鉴的方法.     

基于循环经济理念的新一轮土地利用总体规划环评及环境友好型土地利用模式研究—以黑龙江省佳木斯市为例

利用AHP法和资料分析法,采用“3R”原则将循环经济理论应用于佳木斯市新一轮土地利用总体规划环境影响评价中,并且进行环境友好型土地利用模式研究.通过研究可以发现规划近期、远期佳木斯市土地利用总体规划环境影响评价综合值稳步上升,新一轮规划方案切实可行;规划环评四大方面都有不同程度的提高,其中经济社会发展增长最快,但是土地...     

浅析我国环境影响评价中的公众参与

公众参与是环境影响评价的重要内容;概述了我国公众参与的发展历程,介绍了公众参与的一般模式,指出了当前公众参与中存在的一些问题,并提出了完善公众参与的途径。     

Perception and use of landscape concepts in the procedure of Environmental Impact Assessment: Case study—Switzerland and Romania

The European Landscape Convention (ELC) defines landscape as “an area, as perceived by people, whose character is the result of the action and interaction of natural and/or human factors”. Because all aspects linked to landscape are evaluated during the Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) procedure, we assessed the Swiss and Romanian experts’ perception and EIA reports regarding the landscape concept. Therefore, we analysed Swiss and Romanian experts’ perception of landscape, we evaluated concepts and methods used in environmental impact reports to assess landscape characteristics and functions, and how the ELC's aim and objectives are reflected by the EIA reports.The Canonical Correspondence Analysis performed to evaluate the experts’ perception of landscape integration in the EIA procedure showed a significant relationship among pattern of answers and experts’ professional background. Moreover, there is a significant difference between Swiss and Romanian expert's perception. Longer experience in the field and a higher level of education indicates higher awareness of landscape characteristics and properties, which demonstrates that alongside with the initial training, there is a need for developing a coherent long-life learning systems having landscape analysis as a focus.The ELC is familiar to nearly 86% of the Romanian Environmental Impact Assessment actors and nearly 29% of the Swiss experts. By contrast, most of the Romanian EIA reports analysed do not employ many concepts of the ELC, while most of the Swiss environmental reports incorporate objectives of landscape protection consistent with the Convention.Our study relies on the comparative investigation of representative case studies of Environmental Impact Assessment reports for industry, local infrastructures, tourism facilities, and wind farm projects, as well on tracking how the European Landscape Convention is reflected by the EIA reports. We found that EIA reports from both countries evaluate the visual landscape, thus, achieving subjective assessment of landscape aesthetics without focusing on social and ecological sub-systems. Quantitative elements of landscape analysis are mostly absent and it is challenging to evaluate whether environmental assessments are consistent among European Landscape Convention countries.To overcome the abstract way of evaluation of project's impact on landscape through EIA procedure, an improved landscape analysis procedure is needed and we propose developing technical guidelines, under the European Landscape Convention umbrella, in order to enhance landscape management.     

EIA in the UK planning system

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) resulted from a growing concern at the increase in environmental degradation, and the realization of the necessity to assess the effects of human impacts on the environment. This article looks at the preparation of the directive on ‘the assessment of certain public and private projects on the environment’, and the resulting lists of projects for which an EIA would be required. The Department of the Environment is responsible for incorporating EIA into the UK planning system, and the authors look at the way in which the government has attempted to deal with this problem.     

Using IT approaches to promote public participation in renewable energy planning: Prospects and challenges

In response to recent policy initiatives and UK and European legislation there is increasing focus on alternative methodologies and procedures to encourage public participation in environmental planning. This paper is concerned with outlining those methodologies that involve the use of IT methods in enabling a possible consensus to be reached between participatory groups on decisions that may effect their local environment. Specifically, we focus on integrated approaches that involve the use of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) techniques in facilitating public participation using the case study of the planning of wind farms. The introduction of renewable energy technologies can be a particularly contentious issue in some areas of the UK and we draw on a review of the use of such software tools in order to highlight their application within a decision support system framework. One area where there has been less input from potentially affected local communities or stakeholders relates to the use of computer-generated visualisations in the environmental impact assessment (EIA) process. We describe future research challenges facing those charged with encouraging participation in the siting of such facilities before re-iterating the policy relevance of this research given the UK governments’ stated commitment to the incorporation of public input into the decision-making process.     

Watershed management in an urban setting: process, scale and administration

Efforts in post-industrial countries to refine environment and planning administration in the face of unprecedented urban growth have important implications for ecological systems and human quality of life. This paper uses the case of an urban riparian corridor in South East Queensland, Australia to contribute to understandings of interactions between land use planning processes, watershed management initiatives and broader administrative structures in urban and rapidly urbanising settings. In particular it examines the understudied application of watershed management to an urban setting. Analysis of changes to the structure and function of urban riparian corridor management over time show that changes have occurred as a result of broader policy and institutional change in three distinct phases: top-down watershed management policy (1996-2000), regional natural resource and population growth management policy (2001-2005) and the recent re-emergence of local government as the dominant actor in a multilevel networked context (2006-2008). Trends toward regional scale approaches and increased urban planning initiatives have tended to concentrate responsibilities for urban environmental management with local government. This is in contrast to most rural natural resource management experience, and highlights the importance of meta-governance frameworks in ensuring the enduring applicability of the watershed management model to urban and rapidly urbanising catchments.