我国商业银行提高资本充足率的途径

资本充足率即银行资本金与风险资产的比率,是衡量商业银行抵抗风险的能力及整个银行体系稳健性最重要的指标,我国银行资本监管遵循<巴塞尔协议>资本充足率不低于8%的标准.与国外银行相比,我国银行的资本充足率水平仍显不足.本文主要分析商业银行资本充足率现状及影响因素,并提出几点建议以提高我国商业银行的资本充足率.     

资本充足率与银行财务特征的面板格兰杰因果关系分析

国内外银行界和学术界普遍认为资本充足率对银行有提高银行稳定性、降低银行收益、缩减信贷规模等作用,但实际结果并不完全如此.本文选用我国11家商业银行2006年第1季度一2012年第4季度面板数据,运用面板格兰杰检验法检验资本充足率对商业银行的影响.结果表明,资本充足率是缩减信贷规模、提高资产组合质量、促使银行改变经营模式的格兰杰原因,对银行盈利性的影响不确定,在降低银行风险方面作用不明显.     

我国商业银行资本充足率影响因素的实证研究

本文在分析了我国商业银行资本充足率的内生性基础上,选取了我国49家商业银行样本数据,采用Logit模型分析法,对我国商业银行资本充足率影响因素进行了实证研究,结果表明盈利能力、风险水平、固定资产比率以及银行性质都是影响其资本充足率的因素。总体而言银行规模不会影响资本充足率水平,但是不同性质银行的规模则对资本充足率会有不同的影响。     

我国商业银行提高资本充足率的途径

资本充足率即银行资本金与风险资产的比率,是衡量商业银行抵抗风险的能力及整个银行体系稳健性最重要的指标,我国银行资本监管遵循《巴塞尔协议》资本充足率不低于8%的标准。与国外银行相比,我国银行的资本充足率水平仍显不足。本文主要分析商业银行资本充足率现状及影响因素,并提出几点建议以提高我国商业银行的资本充足率。     

我国商业银行资本充足率影响因素的实证研究

本文在分析了我国商业银行资本充足率的同生性基础上, 选取了我国49家商业银行样本数据,采用Logit模型分析法,对我国商业银行资本充足率影响因素进行了实证研究,结果表明盈利能力、风险水平、固定资产比率以及银行性质都是影响其资本充足率的因素.总体而言银行规模不会影响资本充足率水平,但是不同性质银行的规模则对资本充足率会有不同的影响.     

银行资本监管与商业银行风险——对中国13家商业银行的实证研究

通过构建模型对2000～2005年我国商业银行风险与资本充足率变化进行实证检验,结果表明,我国实施银行资本监管能够促使已达到最低监管要求的银行提高资本充足率和降低银行风险,但对于达不到监管要求的银行,实施银行资本监管并不能促使其提高资本充足率和降低风险水平.实施银行资本监管不是我国商业银行风险降低的原因,资本监管在市场化程度较高的银行中会失效.市场及投资者并不因为银行资本充足率变化而对上市银行的收益或价值的评价产生变化.改革我国商业银行产权制度、建立显性的存款保险制度、加强市场约束是我国商业银行降低风险、提高资本监管有效性的基础.     

我国上市商业银行效率与资本充足率的相关性分析

本文以研究商业银行资本充足率与商业银行效率之间的关系为目的,选取我国16家上市商业银行作为研究对象,首先运用DEA方法测量我国16家上市银行的效率,然后通过整理16家上市银行的资本充足率水平,运用数学模型探寻商业银行效率与资本充足率之间的关系.结果表明,在一定程度下,资本充足率提高可以促进商业银行效率的提升,但超过一定的水平后,则将会降低商业银行的效率.     

我国商业银行资本充足率监管的有效性分析

资本充足率是衡量商业银行经营安全性和稳健性的重要指标,资本充足率监管已经成为银行监管的核心内容。本文应用计量经济软件对我国大型商业银行和股份制商业银行的2008年²013年第三季度的季度数据进行实证分析,结果表明:我国商业银行资本充足率监管是有效的,资本充足率监管有效提高了我国商业银行的资本充足率水平,也降低了银行的风险水平,但是监管的有效性还需要进一步的提高。并提出了提高资本充足率监管有效性的建议。     

资本充足率监管对我国商业银行信贷扩张的影响分析

资本充足率监管是商业银行审慎监管的核心。严格实施资本充足率监管对商业银行的信贷扩张有重大影响,表现为资本充足率高的银行,其面临的资本监管的压力会较小,相对应的其信贷可以保持适度扩张速度;相反,资本充足率水平低的银行,其受到监管的压力会较大,为满足监管要求,会降低其信贷扩张速度。分析我国资本充足率监管对商业银行信贷扩张的影响,对于我国更好地实施资本充足率监管制度有重要借鉴意义。     

资本约束、银行风险承担与经济资本——基于中国53家商业银行的经验研究北大核心CSSCISSCI

本文建立了一个资本约束加强与银行风险承担关系的理论模型,使用2009年至2013年我国53家商业银行的财务数据,研究资本约束对银行风险承担的门限效应,并对商业银行内部经济资本水平进行分析。研究发现,资本数量约束和资本质量约束对银行风险承担均存在门限效应。资本数量方面,资本充足率的门限值为11.95%。资本质量方面,核心资本占总资本比例的门限值为69.93%。当资本充足率和核心资本占比低于相应的门限值时,加强资本约束会降低银行风险承担,反之则会增加或不能显著影响银行风险承担。此外,不同类型商业银行对资本约束的敏感度存在明显差异。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…