打造银行科技金融服务新生态

<正>中央金融工作会议明确提出,要做好科技金融、绿色金融、普惠金融、养老金融、数字金融五篇大文章。科技金融位列“五篇大文章”之首,承载着激发经济主体科技创新活力、加快形成新质生产力的新的时代使命。商业银行作为科技金融的主要践行者,更应该深刻把握金融工作的政治性、人民性,加快实践创新、理论创新和制度创新,围绕“科技—产业—金融”现代产业演进逻辑,积极探索打造高质量服务科技创新和现代产业体系建设的金融新生态。     

基于当前银行实践的科技信贷创新研究

本课题从实际操作和理论分析两方面阐明目前商业银行的科技信贷创新只能局部、有限地增加信贷配给规模,无法实现市场均衡,难以从根本上解决科技信贷市场供求严重失衡的问题。按照风险和收益对称原则,本课题通过引入股权融资模式,为银行科技信贷创新提供了全新思路。从资金供给看,本课题主张高信用主体建立风险投资基金,并通过获取企业股权收益覆盖投资风险。作为当前我国资金主要供给者的银行将为风险投资机构而不是单个科技企业提供信贷支持,这实现了在不改变银行风险偏好情况下信贷资源和风险投资的有机结合;从资金需求看,通过取得科技企业未来部分股权收益,提高融资机会成本,形成对科技企业的有效甄别机制,排除无效资金需求,保证部分潜力科技企业的有效资金需求得到满足,在风险和收益对称基础上实现科技信贷市场新的、更大范围的均衡。     

关于科技与信贷结合的研究

探讨科技与信贷结合的途径是深化科技体制改革和金融体制改革的重要内容。建立有效的结合机制,培育良好的经济环境,是促进科技、信贷结合的基本条件。应把两者的结合建立在经济建设的主战场,达到发挥整体效能和优势互补的目的。资金是科技的“能源”,科学技术转化为生产力,需要有资金投入来做后盾,科技发展离不开信贷支持。而信贷投放又     

银行竞争与金融包容——基于信息不对称和科技创新视角

金融是现代经济的核心,建立更包容、更普及的金融体系可以刺激经济增长,提高社会包容性。本文利用2011－2019年的面板数据,研究银行业竞争与金融包容的关系,并从信息不对称和科技创新视角分别探讨其中的影响机制。研究发现：银行竞争对金融包容具有积极的影响;信息不对称削弱了银行竞争对金融包容积极的影响,而科技创新能增强银行竞争对金融包容的积极影响。进一步异质性分析表明,银行竞争对金融包容的提升作用在国有银行和城市商业银行更为显著。要实现更全面的金融包容,必须放开银行间准入,发挥金融科技在建立全国范围内网络征信平台以及创新银行服务中的作用,同时进一步发挥中小银行在实现金融包容中的作用。     

银行信贷与科技创新对接机制路径研究

随着经济转型的深入发展,创新驱动必将取代传统的资源驱动来促进经济增长,而科技创新作为拉动经济增长的重要动力,在与金融结合、协同发展中显得尤为重要,其中如何建立健全银行信贷与科技创新的对接机制是当前地方科技金融发展面临的核心问题。以河北省秦皇岛市为例,通过对银行信贷与科技创新对接现状以及制约因素进行深入分析,提出优化地方科技金融发展的路径选择。     

新形势下改进银行信货工作的若干思考

新形势下银行信贷工作面临着一些新情况和新问题。本文就当前信贷工作面临的全新机遇和挑战进行了具体论述,并对信贷工作中存在的主要问题及原因进行了剖析,从而提出全面改进信贷工作的总体思路和对策。笔者认为,要改进信贷工作就要牢固树立适应市场经济发展变化的信贷经营理念,真正把信贷工作纳入到以效益为中心的轨道上来;要加大投入,加快调整,加快发展的经营策略;要按照现代银行制度的要求,深化改革,加快创新,全面提高信贷经营能力和竞争能力;要严格管理,规范运作,切实提高风险防范和控制能力;要以人为本,建立一支适应现代金融事业发展的高素质的信贷队伍,改进和提高信贷工作水平。     

稳健货币政策环境下企业多元化融资方式探讨

一、稳健货币政策的内涵及对企业融资的影响 稳健的货币政策的内涵,就是让非常时期的非常规货币政策回归常态．并让信贷增长回归到一个正常的增长水平。这就既要管理好流动性,又要以信贷促经济增长,以信贷促经济增长方式转变、经济结构调整。因此,要有效利用各种货币政策工具,特别是要加快中国金融体系的改革及利率市场化的步伐,通过有效的价格机制及政策工具引导货币信贷回归常态。     

黑龙江省科技金融发展的影响因素现研究——基于省际比较

黑龙江省要实现高质量经济的发展需要科技创新支持,而科技创新又需要金融的助力,所以,要提高科技和金融结合的效率,让黑龙江省科技金融得到进一步的发展,就需要对黑龙江省科技金融发展的影响因素进行深入的研究.结合2018和2019年全国31个省份地区的科技金融相关数据,对黑龙江省科技金融的影响因素数据进行了对比分析,考察黑龙江省目前科技金融的发展现状,找出制约黑龙江省科技金融发展的原因,提出具体的提升策略.     

我国银行效率与经济增长的关系实证研究——基于16家上市银行的数据

本文结合国内外学者对银行效率和经济增长之间关系的研究,搜集16家上市银行的数据,从经营效率、竞争效率和信贷配置效率这三个维度,选取合适的银行效率指标来分析银行效率和经济增长之间的关系。经过单位根检验、协整检验和格兰杰因果检验来检验它们之间的相关关系,通过实证研究得到银行经营效率与经济增长负相关,而竞争效率、信贷配置效率和经济增长之间正相关。     

企业信用度对银行信贷资金投入的影响

信用是现代市场经济的基石，企业与银行是市场经济的主体。长期以来，我们把关注的重点放在了提高企业效益和社会信贷总量的增长上，而对维系经济正常运行的社会信用缺失却没有引起足够的重视，从而导致一些企业信用缺失，破坏了整个社会信用环境，阻碍了银行业信贷资金的投入，制约了企业自身和整个社会经济的发展。现就企业信用度对银行信贷资金投入的影响作一些粗浅的探讨，     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…