农村信用社法人治理结构研究——以山西省为例

经过改革，山西省农村信用社法人治理结构得到一定程度的完善，促进了整体经营业绩的提高。但目前农村信用社法人治理结构在实际运行过程中仍存在诸多缺陷，成为制约其可持续发展的“瓶颈”。本文借鉴制度经济学与组织经济学等相关理论，在实地调研的基础上，对山西省农村信用社法人治理现状及存在的问题进行了剖析，并就如何进一步完善农村信用社法人治理结构提出了相应的对策建议。     

对农村信用社实行县一级法人治理结构的思考

本文根据目前农村信用社现行的县联社与基层社二级法人治理结构中存在的问题,阐述了实行县一级法人治理结构的现实意义,并对实行县一级法人后应当处理好的几个问题,如:建立和完善县一级法人治理结构;营造县一级法人的内外经营环境;强化县一级法人服务与监管职能,提高经营效益;改革信用社的人事管理制度,全面提高员工的素质等方面提出了看法。     

欠发达地区农材信用社法人治理结构现状与优化——张家界实证

经过改革,农村信用社的管理和经营状况有所改观,但法人治理结构仍不完善,成为制约其进一步发展的"瓶颈".本文结合张家界市农信社工作实际,利用委托代理、信息不对称原理对农信社法人治理结构中存在的问题及原因进行了分析,并就如何深化、细化农信社法人治理结构改革提出了一些建设性意见.     

当前农村信用社法人治理结构现状分析

深化产权制度改革、完善农村信用社法人治理结构是农村信用社改革中需要重点解决的问题。本文以四川174个农村信用社县（市、区）联社为样本,从股本结构、激励机制、组织架构和管理体制等方面对农村信用社法人治理结构现状进行了实证分析,并提出了进一步完善农村信用社法人治理结构的建议。     

农信社实行县联社统一法人治理后有关问题的思考

法人治理改革是当前深化农村信用杜改革的一项重要内容。本文通过分析当地农村信用牡的发展状况后认为。统一法人改革有利于农村信用社的发展，并指出了统一法人治理后农信社在经营模式上的变化以及需要注意的若干问题。     

从委托代理的角度看农村信用社法人治理结构的缺陷

法人治理结构是深化我国农村信用社改革的关键环节。本文从委托代理入手,在分析农村信用社委托代理制的内容、特征等基础上,着重分析了农村信用社法人治理结构存在的最主要问题,即“内部人——外部人”控制问题和由此延伸出的法人治理结构的诸多缺陷。     

农村信用社改革过程中法人治理结构问题的研究

随着我国金融业即将全面对外开放,农村信用社的法人治理结构与风险防范问题就显得尤为突出。因此,理性分析我国目前农村信用社法人治理结构存在的问题,从根本上建立现代化的法人治理结构模式,完善风险防范的制度约束机制,是提高农村信用社盈利能力和市场竞争力的战略举措。     

完善农村信用社法人治理结构的思考

目前农村信用社法人治理结构大多形同虚设，有名无实，妨碍着农村信用社改革的顺利进行。尽快解决农村信用社法人治理结构中存在的问题，建立起真正体现合作制并符合现代企业运行规则的法人治理结构，已成为必然选择。     

农村信用社法人治理结构的调查与思考

国家对农村信用社改革花钱买机制的目的是要买一个健全、完善的法人治理机制。本文通过分析农村信用社法人治理结构中问题,研究探讨农村信用社法人治理的途径,对农村信用社建立长效发展机制具有一定的借鉴作用。     

农村信用社法人治理结构的调查思考

法人治理结构是现代企业制度中最重要的组织架构,它同产权制度一起构成现代企业制度的精髓,是一个企业持续健康发展的原动力。国家对农村信用社花钱买机制就是要买一个健全、完善的法人治理机制。文章通过对农村信用社法人治理结构中的问题进行分析,研究探讨农村信用社法人治理的途径,对农村信用社建立发展长效机制提出参考意见。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…     

银行管理信息平台建设发展的思考

一、目前国内银行IT发展现状及面临的问题 银行数据集中工作的完成,标志着银行的业务由电子化建设阶段转入信息化建设阶段.一方面银行数据的集中提供了丰富全面的基础数据,面对日益庞大的数据源,如何将数字转化为对银行有用的信息,并从中发现知识,为银行的经营决策提供支持,是摆在银行IT人员面前的一个亟待解决的问题.另一方面用户对银行信息的需求日益增长,如果银行没有一套完整、实用的信息管理系统,将对业务发展非常不利.南京爱立信公司倒戈花旗银行事件曾经轰动一时,其中一个重要原因就是中国本地银行不能满足爱立信全球总部对南京爱立信公司的要求:每周财务上报和每天贷款限额管理.这一事件为中国商业银行的未来发展敲响了警钟,如果不加快管理信息系统的开发,迅速提升业务管理水平,类似的事件还会接连不断地发生,并最终导致国内商业银行在同国外商业银行的竞争中全面溃败.