存款保险研究新进展:定价和制度效应

存款保险制度的主要作用是应对挤兑风险,加强公众对银行体系的信心。通过对现有关于存款保险定价和存款保险制度效应的文献进行梳理发现：基于期权定价法的存款保险定价方法虽较少在实践层面应用,但促进了存款保险制度的完善;存款保险制度受金融环境、制度设计及银行自身等影响而产生不同的效应,良性的制度运转与金融体系的完善相辅相成。未来的研究将着重考虑中小银行费率的厘定及存款保险制度与金融安全网之间的协同作用。     

我国显性存款保险制度的建立与国家制度环境

在研究我国是否建立显性存款保险制度的过程中,我国大部分学者都是将存款保险纳入委托———代理的框架中,研究如何通过存款保险制度的设计来避免由建立存款保险制度所带来的逆选择和道德风险问题。但是从德国存款保险制度的实践来看,尽管其设计中有许多地方会导致逆选择和道德风险的产生,德国却是世界上存款保险制度运行的最成功的国家之一。笔者认为,这是由于德国拥有使存款保险制度高效运行的制度环境的结果。因此,我国要建立存款保险制度,必须要采取制度先行的方法,即首先完善能使存款保险制度高效运行的制度环境,然后再考虑存款保险制度本身的制度设计问题。     

对存款保险的功能、国际经验与制度设计的思考

存款保险制度作为公共金融稳定网的重要环节,在保护小额存款人利益、防止银行挤提与恐慌等方面具有重要作用.存款保险制度的实施会产生道德风险与逆向选择等问题,但可以通过对存款保险制度的合理设计来减少或避免.分析世界各国实施存款保险制度的基本情况,总结国际上存款保险制度成功实施的经验,在此基础上,结合国情提出设计中国存款保险制度的一些看法.     

香港存款保险制度的借鉴与启示

本文简要介绍了香港的存款保险制度,并从体系设计上指出它对内地建立存款保险制度的若干启示,提出内地应从建立存款保险制度的必要性着手,在存款保险机构、存款保险范围、存款保险限额、存款保险费率、存款保险基金来源与运作方面进行探索与实践。     

从国际经验看存款保险制度的实施对中国银行业的影响

主要经济体存款保险制度的特征及其与中国存款保险制度的对照分析 （一）主要经济体存款保险制度的特征分析 从各经济体已经建立的存款保险制度来看（见表1）,该制度的主要设计要素有存款保险机构的设立方式、授权模式、投保机构、受保范围、保险限额、保险费率等。     

我国存款保险制度的潜在问题及对策

<正>自计划经济以来,我国一直实行隐性的存款保险制度,当银行危机发生时,由政府以国家信用与财政收入提供隐性的全额保护,这是一种几乎全额赔付的存款保障。这篇文章分析了我国建立存款保险制度的两大潜在问题,并提出相应的解决对策。这两大问题分别是存款转移问题和道德风险问题。一、存款转移问题简单而言,中国实行的隐性存款保险制度在存款保险制度建立后,只有符合存款保险制度规定的存款人在存款保险限额内的存款     

对存款保险制度功能的理性思考

存款保险制度在保护存款人利益、稳定金融体系、克服逆向选择与道德风险、改善银行经营环境及促进银行公平竞争等方面发挥着一定的积极作用,但对这些功能不能无限夸大,辩证地看待更有利于走出对存款保险制度认识的误区,切不可忽视其局限性而将其功能过分拔高;存款保险制度本身也存在某些固有的缺陷,它所带来的负面效应也应当引起我们足够的重视;存款保险制度对金融稳定只能治标而不能治本,解决我国金融体系内在问题的根本途径应当是继续深化金融体制各方面的改革。     

显性存款保险与隐性存款保险中的道德风险分析

在我国,自1993年提出要建立存款保险基金以来,存款保险制度已经酝酿研究了多年,作为一道金融安全网一直存在着争议,而且这项制度有着不可避免的道德风险,这引起了人们的关注和担心。因此研究存款保险制度带来的道德风险和道德风险对存款保险制度危害情况以及设计规避道德风险的方案变得紧迫。那么显性存款保险制度相对隐性存款保险中的道德风险是高是低。本文从这一问题出发,对显性存款保险与隐性存款保险制度下的道德风险进行分析,并且对二者之间的道德风险的高低进行了比较,最后得出中国应推出显性存款保险制度,来保障存款人的资金安全,以及来增加金融系统的稳定性。     

显性存款保险与隐性存款保险中的道德风险分析

在我国,自1993年提出要建立存款保险基金以来,存款保险制度已经酝酿研究了多年,作为一道金融安全网一直存在着争议,而且这项制度有着不可避免的道德风险,这引起了人们的关注和担心。因此研究存款保险制度带来的道德风险和道德风险对存款保险制度危害情况以及设计规避道德风险的方案变得紧迫。那么显性存款保险制度相对隐性存款保险中的道德风险是高是低。本文从这一问题出发,对显性存款保险与隐性存款保险制度下的道德风险进行分析,并且对二者之间的道德风险的高低进行了比较,最后得出中国应推出显性存款保险制度,来保障存款人的资金安全,以及来增加金融系统的稳定性。     

为存款上个“险”——建立我国存款保险制度运行模式的总体构想

温总理在第十一届全国人民代表大会政府工作报告中已明确提出我国将建立存款保险制度。但实践证明好的制度安排是存款保险制度成败与否的关键,本文从存款保险的机构、职能设定、投保机构、标的、限额等方面对建立我国存款保险制度进行了论述,希望能够设计一套适合我国国情的存款保险制度运行模式。     

Helping bank customers switch: A case study

Despite a reasonable level of competition in the New Zealand banking market, there is a relatively low rate of customers switching between banks. A common reason cited for the low churn rate is the costs associated with switching between financial institutions, including simply the difficulties associated with the physical transfer of existing banking arrangements. One non-bank financial institution, PSIS, introduced a pilot scheme to make it easier for existing customers of other financial institutions to move their banking facilities to PSIS. The pilot sought to understand the extent to which the switching costs associated with changing financial institutions could be reduced, and the impact that had on customers' switching behaviour. The results of this pilot scheme did not meet the organisation's expectations, and as a result, was not extended beyond the pilot period or the pilot participants. This paper provides a review of the pilot scheme, and attempts to identify the issues that contributed to the lack of success. The key findings were that there was no real demand from customers for the type of service offered, and that the time and effort involved on the part of the financial institution were greater than expected, making it undesirable to continue.     

Financial fairness and conditional indexation

Collective pension contracts can generate advantages for their participants by implementing forms of risk sharing. To ensure the continuity of a collective scheme, it has to be monitored whether the contracts offered to participants are financially fair in terms of their market value. When risk sharing is implemented by means of optionalities such as conditional indexation, the analysis of financial fairness is not straightforward. In this paper, we use a stylised overlapping generations model to study financial fairness for a conditional indexation scheme. We find that financial fairness for all participants at all times is not feasible within a scheme of this type, unless the nature of indexation is such that the scheme is reduced to DC. However, financial fairness for incoming generations at the moment of entry can be realised. We show how to compute the fair contribution rate as a function of the current nominal asset/liability ratio for a given level of nominal entitlements. At low levels of the ratio, the fair contribution for incoming generations is also relatively low; nevertheless, the joining of a new generation still has a positive effect on the asset/liability ratio.     

Participation in risky asset markets and propensity for financial planning: a missing link?

This study examines whether the association between financial literacy and participation in risky asset markets is robust to variation on a more innate level: the propensity for financial planning. I find that individuals’ propensity for financial planning is strongly positively related to stock market participation as well as membership in a voluntary workplace retirement savings scheme. This result holds when controlling for financial literacy and a range of demographic and control variables in a multivariate regression setting. Importantly, the positive association between financial literacy and risky asset market participation also persists, suggesting that these two variables operate through separate channels.     

城市最低生活保障各级财政支出均等化效应研究——基于泰尔指数分解检验

运用泰尔指数及分解方法,测算了我国2005-2014年城市最低生活保障各级财政支出的均等化效应。测算结果表明:城市低保财政支出均等化水平不断提高,但也存在诸多不合理之处。对城市低保各级财政支出的均等化效应考察发现,中央财政支出起了主导性作用,但在东部省份的支出安排不尽合理;省级财政在城市低保中没有发挥与其财力相适应的均等化效应,甚至还产生阻碍作用,一定程度上抵消了均等化效应,县级财政支出的均等化效应高于省级财政,其支出负担较重。应缩小城市低保地区差异,提高各级财政支出的均等化效应,合理划分各级财政的支出责任。     

Pre-positioning for effective resolution of bank failures

Large bank failures are often handled differently to other firm failures because suddenly closing a large bank and consequently freezing otherwise liquid claims raises financial stability concerns. As a result, substantial public funds are often used as part of the resolution process, which can undermine market discipline and longer-term financial stability. We propose a resolution scheme that enables the good portion of creditors’ claims to be quickly made available to them in way that maintains market discipline while managing the liquidity effects of large bank failures. We report on a New Zealand study into making the scheme work in practice.     

Does Financial Restructuring Change the Relationship Between Corporate Governance and the Static and Dynamic Efficiency of Bank Mergers in Taiwan?

Taiwan's Financial Restructuring Fund Statute was enacted in 2001. This study is unique in simultaneously considering Taiwan's corporate governance, bank mergers, and the financial restructuring scheme. Unlike other literature that investigates only the characteristics of corporate governance that affect the concurrent static efficiency of bank mergers, we further use the dynamic slacks-based measure to examine the persistent and intertemporal effects on the dynamic efficiency of bank mergers. The results of this study show that major shareholders of acquiring banks have greater controlling power to decide whether to merge during the financial restructuring period. A bank merger using the financial restructuring scheme has less static and dynamic efficiency in the short run but gradually increased static and dynamic efficiency in the long run. Such an observation is consistent with the hypothesis that controlling shareholders pursue long-term efficiency in a bank merger.     

The individual learning account experiment in the UK: A conjunctural crisis?

Individual learning accounts (ILAs) were a flagship policy of the 1997 Labour Government in the UK. ILAs provided a new universal right for all adults to receive State financial support to pursue lifelong learning that was delivered through markets in ways consistent with the prevailing neo-liberal hegemony. The scheme was suspended following allegations of fraud and abandoned after regulators of markets associated with the neo-liberal hegemony published reports. An analysis of these reports is used to highlight how they failed to emphasise the positive and novel universal right of financial support from ILAs, but instead criticised the adoption of light-touch accounting controls and gave these as a reason for fraud being possible and over-expenditure. Subsequently, when a replacement scheme was introduced, the novel principle of universal financial support was abandoned. Gramsci's concept of a conjunctural crisis is used to explain the abandonment of the novel element of ILAs while the neo-liberal hegemony endured.     

Managerial compensation and the debt placement decision

Extant research argues that borrowing from financial intermediaries subjects managers to external monitoring. However, given managers' flexibility in choosing the type of debt financing, why would managers submit themselves to external monitoring? Recent theory points to the role of managerial incentive compensation. Specifically, it is argued that managers will borrow from financial intermediaries if their compensation is tied to firm performance. Additionally, it is noted that a more optimal compensation scheme will induce managers to undertake intermediated loans only when the firm is sufficiently profitable. Such a compensation scheme is likely to exist in opaque firm settings where borrowing from financial intermediaries can serve to signal firm profitability. Our study provides corroborative evidence. We find that the choice of syndicated bank loans is positively associated with CEO equity incentives. Second, this syndicated debt-incentive compensation link is influenced by firm profitability, particularly among information problematic firms. Overall, our study points to the role of incentive compensation in the debt placement decision.     

金融创新风险的分类及其形成

本文通过对金融创新和金融风险的分析,讨论了金融创新风险的一般概念。然后,根据金融创新风险产生的原因以及对金融体系的不同影响进行分类,划分为金融创新自身活动及产品风险、金融创新市场风险、金融创新机构风险、金融创新货币政策及监管风险、金融创新系统化及国际化风险等,并对每一种风险的形成进行分析和阐述。     

强化金融外汇支持，助推“长三角”企业“走出去”

贯彻实施“走出去”发展战略,是当前我国面临的一个具有战略性和全局·性的重大课题;而营造一个宽松的政策环境,加大对“走出去”企业的金融支持力度．有利于促进有比较优势的各类企业对外投资,使“走出去”的企业迅速壮大。文章从加快“走出去”的立法进程、建立和完善境外投资保护制度、积极支持金融机构开展国际化经营等七个方面就建立和完善“走出去”金融外汇支持体系提出建议。