金融产品创新系列讲座之四资产支持商业票据

资产支持商业票据(Asset-Backed Commer-cial Papers,简称ABCP)是以未来有稳定现金流的资产作为支持发行的商业票据。它产生于80年代后期,是资产证券化(Asset-Backed Securiziza-tion,简称ABS)的产物。典型的ABCP的运作模式与其他资产证券化的过程类似,都是由发起人将标的资产出售给一家特殊目的的公司(SPV),再由SPV发行以该项资产为支持的票据。但与普通的ABS产品相比,ABCP在资产池构成,交易结构、流动性支持等方面,都有其特点。首先,ABCP的基础资产更具多样性。如图1所示,应收账款、汽车贷款、消费者贷款、信用卡应收账款、设备融资租赁等资产都可以作为ABCP的标的资产。     

资产支持商业票据的理论与实务初探

资产支持商业票据是由一个破产隔离的特殊目的工具发行的商业票据，新发行的商业票据偿付主要是依赖潜在的资产组合产生的现金流量或者发行新的商业票据。为保护投资者的利益，项目还建立了不同的保护措施如信用增级、流动性支持等，本文分析了资产支持商业票据的产生与发展、分类和特点等内容．并提出了我国资产支持商业票据未来发展的相关建议。     

关于票据资产证券化问题的研究

当前,国务院在宣布金融支持实体经济发展的诸多措施中,明确表示要逐步推进信贷资产证券化常规化发展。票据作为银行优质资产之一,其资产证券化各项条件也趋于成熟。文章在对票据资产证券化意义、难点进行分析的基础上,就如何进一步夯实票据资产证券化发展基础、加快票据资产证券化试点工作进行深入思考,并提出相关建议。     

供应链金融资产证券化

自2012年信贷资产证券化重启以来,在人民银行等相关部门规范引导下,我国资产证券化市场已经形成涵盖银行间信贷资产支持证券、资产支持票据、交易所资产支持专项计划等标准化债权产品,基础资产多样、交易结构完善、参与主体多元、投资者结构日趋丰富的市场体系,在金融支持民营中小微融资中发挥了重要作用。     

贸易应收款资产证券化的收益分析

本文简要介绍了贸易应收款资产证券化的几种模式,对贸易应收款的一般形式资产支持商业票据的收益做了分析,并对影响现金流的因素进行了定性分析,在此基础上对我国发展资产证券化提出了相关建议。     

资产证券化的制度建设

证券化就是实现金融权益可交易的过程.从广义上讲,资产证券化包括一级证券化(初级证券化)和二级证券化(高级证券化).在证券化过程的初级阶段,资产证券化主要是指资金短缺者在资本市场和货币市场上通过发行证券来融资,所使用的融资工具包括商业票据、企业债券和股票,因此,又被称之为融资证券化.     

重启信贷资产证券化试点是大势所趋

推动资产证券化业务发展,同时建立和完善相关市场制度,是完善融资体系、深化利率市场化改革、缓解银行资本压力不可或缺的一项工作今年5月22日,人民银行、银监会和财政部联合印发《关于进一步扩大信贷资产证券化试点有关事项的通知》(以下简称《通知》),重新启动沉寂了四年的信贷资产证券化试点。9月7日,国家开发银行成功发售101.66亿元信贷资产支持证券,成为资产证券化试点重启后的第一单交易。再次启动信贷资产证券化业务并扩大试点是金融服务实体经济的需要,也是金融改革、发展和创新的大势所趋,意义重大。     

中国资产证券化业务监管问题研究

资产证券化是一种以资产转让为基础交易关系的融资行为。与传统的股权或债权类融资相比,具有较多的独特优势。资产证券化的核心在于基础资产向特殊目的载体转移,以及依托资产现金流和特殊目的载体的风险隔离功能,向投资者进行收益凭证的发行。首先阐述了企业资产证券化、信贷资产证券化、资产支持票据三类资产证券化业务的监管沿革;其次比较了我国三种模式下的监管政策;再次,提出了监管制度中的现存问题;最后,针对制度缺陷提出了相应对策。     

浅谈我国商业票据证券化的策略选择

资产证券化作为一项创新工具在西方发达国家早已被广连采用，我国对资产证券化的讨论相对较晚。本文以商业票据为证券化资产。从商业票据证券化的需求分析出发，结合证券化的实施条件，明确了现阶段我国推行商业票据证券化的运作模式。提出了新的设计思路，最后针对面临的相关问题提出了一些建议。     

资管新规下我国票据资产证券化业务探讨

本文分析了票据资产证券化的现实案例,结果显示:票据资产证券化中破产隔离存在法律障碍,会导致破产隔离无效;以银票和通过商票保贴、商票保证或商票保函形式由金融机构提供增信的商票为基础资产的票据资产证券化违反了资管新规中关于禁止刚性兑付的规定;票据资产证券化不仅没能改善资产的流动性还降低了收益率。对此,本文认为:融资性票据的放开和资产支持证券市场的流动性是票据资产证券化的前提;条件具备后,商票资产证券化应是未来的重要品种,商票资产证券化的重要基础设施在于形成有效的定价中枢;票交所的建立有利于票据信息的集中,从而形成市场化的定价中枢,提升票据资产及其衍生产品的流动性。本文的研究结论对于指导票据实务发展以及监管机构对票据资产证券化业务进行合理监管和规范具有重要的现实意义。     

Asset-Backed Securitization in Singapore: Value of Embedded Buy-Back Options

Asset backed securities have been promoted as an important financing instrument for property developers to raise capital in Singapore. In 1999 alone, S$1.92 billion worth of bonds have been issued via the securitization of six commercial properties and one residential condominium project under construction. Buy-back option is a unique feature embedded in the asset-backed securitization (ABS) in Singapore, which allow the originator to retain a contingent claim on the upside potential of the asset price. Based on the multi-period binomial option pricing framework proposed by Cox et al. (1979), the prices of the options embedded in the ABS contracts are estimated. Using the securitization of the 132,111 square feet 268 Orchard Road office building for illustration, the premium of the options embedded in the 10-year ABS deal was estimated at S$28.47 million, or 15.48 percent of the bond value. Recognition of the value of embedded options is important for structuring a fair and transparent ABS deal.     

对商业银行开展票据理财业务的分析和思考

近年来，作为商业银行理财产品的重要组成部分，票据理财产品得到了较快的发展。本文在介绍票据理财产品发展背景、历史演变和市场格局的基础上，着重分析了开展票据理财业务的中长期意义，并且从合规经营、风险防范和金融创新的角度阐述了发展票据理财业务应注意的问题。     

巴塞尔协议Ⅲ、风险厌恶与银行绩效——基于中国商业银行2004～2008年面板数据的实证分析

依据巴塞尔协议III标准,中国银监会推出的四大监管工具将会对中国商业银行产生怎样的影响?首先,借鉴CAPM模型,理论分析发现,资本充足率要求监管下的破产概率的均衡解要小于无资本充足率要求监管下的均衡解。其次,选取29家中国商业银行样本,用Z-score测度银行风险厌恶程度,实证分析发现,Z-score与资本充足率呈正相关,且与流动比呈负相关;绩效与Z-score和流动比呈正相关,且与贷款拨备率呈负相关。总之,四大监管工具的实施与管理,有利于提高Z-score,增大风险厌恶程度,降低破产概率,提高银行绩效。     

票据市场:利率市场化的最佳途径

现阶段 ,票据市场作为货币市场的枢纽和与资本市场对接的桥梁 ,能够克服其它货币子市场在实现利率市场化方面的诸多缺陷 ,并且从利率的决定机制、传导机制及调整机制来看 ,票据市场都是利率市场化最有效的突破口。     

论我国银行业衍生金融工具的会计确认

衍生金融工具的会计确认具有明显的特殊性。近年来,由于我国商业银行开展的衍生性金融交易规模不断扩大,因此探究我国银行业衍生金融工具的会计确认问题,具有十分积极的现实意义。     

商业银行资本工具创新及定价研究

资本工具的创新可以拓展银行资本补充渠道和空间,提升银行补充资本的能力,强化银行业的资本约束,增强风险管理水平,推动商业银行业务转型,增强服务实体经济的能力.本文在阐述我国资本工具的应用及创新背景的基础上,通过建立二叉树模型,探讨了我国新型资本工具定价问题并提出相关建议.     

Introduction to Retail Payments: Mapping Out the Road Ahead

This article introduces four papers that were presented at a payments conference “Retail Payments: Mapping Out the Road Ahead,” which was held at De Nederlandsche Bank in Amsterdam in April of 2016. These papers focus on various behavioral aspects of consumers and merchants in their choice and acceptance of payment instruments and payment activity. End-user behavior has implications for how the retail payment landscape is likely to evolve and, therefore, will need to be considered by policymakers charged with overseeing the development of retail payments.     

Analyzing the effect of derivatives on the financial soundness of commercial banks in Italy: An approach based on the CAMELS framework

Italian economy is among the biggest economies in the Europe which suffered from the repercussions of the global financial crisis during this last decade. The weakness of Italian banking system coincides with the common debate about the implication of derivatives in the distress of banks’ soundness. Thus, the aim of our research is to examine the effect of derivative instruments on the banks’ soundness in Italy. To reach our goal, the CAMELS approach is employed to define the soundness of Italian commercial banks. To overcome the endogeneity issue of variables, an appropriate econometric procedure, namely the dynamic Generalized Method of Moments (GMM system) is applied using data from 22 commercial banks in Italy over the period 2005–2015. Explanatory variables are defined by derivative instruments (forwards, swaps, options, and futures), bank‐specific variable (bank's size as non‐CAMELS variable), industry‐specific variables (CR3, CR5, and HHI as indicators of bank's sector and market concentrations), and country‐specific variables (GDP and inflation). The main results reveal that the majority of the CAMELS indicators are favorably affected by derivative instruments especially forwards and options. The most important conclusion is that using derivative instruments does not threaten the financial soundness of commercial banks in Italy. As major implication decision‐makers and experts—after the global financial crisis—should not consider derivatives in part as responsible of the fragility of the Italian banking system.     

Cross Guarantees And Negative Pledges: A Preliminary Analysis

Deregulation of Australia's commercial trading environment during the 1980s spawned two major financial instruments for company groups: negative pledge and class order deed of cross guarantee. Both instruments were premised on the pari passu or creditor equality principle. If is informative for the future analysis of those financial instruments to consider their background, their commercial features and interconnections. Also, it is crucial to consider the connection between the old NCSC Class Order Deed of Indemnity and the newer AS C Deed of Cross Guarantee. This article provides preliminary evidence on the incidence of the new deed relative to its predecessor. It also considers the costs and benefits of the Deed of Cross Guarantee, including the illusory nature of the quid pro quo protections provided to creditors in return for allowing "closed-group" companies to gain accounting and auditing relief from statutory reporting requirements.     

Symposium on Financial Institutions

Financial institutions are the topic of the 2003 Eastern Finance Association Symposium. The symposium papers illustrate the importance of bank research for improving our understanding of both financial and nonfinancial firms. Benston begins the symposium with an overview of banking. Three papers consider different aspects of banks' commercial lending: Frame, Padhi, and Woosley; Gottesman and Roberts; and Gonas, Highfield, and Mullineaux. Next, DeYoung and Rice analyze increases in bank's increased noninterest income. Finally, two papers illustrate the benefits of using banking data: Hasan and Wall, in examining the management of financial reporting, and Sfiridis and Daniels, in examining the implications of different organizational forms.